Article
Polymer Science
Shanshan Zhou, Yubin Yang, Zhe Zhu, Zhanghua Xie, Xaioyu Sun, Chunfeng Jia, Fude Liu, Junsheng Wang, Jinjun Yang
Summary: A novel flame retardant (POCODA) synthesized from POC and ODA was investigated for its effects on the thermal stability and combustion behavior of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLA) composites. The addition of POCODA/APP as a synergistic flame retardant showed improvements in the flame retardancy of PLA-based composites, with the optimal ratio achieving a V-0 rating. The proposed mechanism of flame retardance for the PLA/2%POCODA/10%APP composite was discussed based on SEM, TG-IR, and PY-GC/MS measurements.
Article
Polymer Science
Florian Tomiak, Klaus Rathberger, Angelina Schoeffel, Dietmar Drummer
Summary: A new expandable graphite type was studied as a flame retardant additive in Polyamide 6, showing significant fire inhibiting effect at around 15% filling degree, and achieving V0 classification under both humid and dry conditions.
Article
Polymer Science
Quan Gao, He Zhao, Xue-Ling Zhou, Fu-Ya Liu, Yun-Hong Jiao, Ji-Xing Xie, Hong-Qiang Qu, Jian-Zhong Xu, Hai-Yun Ma
Summary: Spherical nickel hydroxystannate (NiSn(OH)(6), NHS) particles were prepared and mixed with PP matrix, PER and EG to study the flame-retardant, smoke suppressant and thermal degradation properties. The results showed that the PP composite with 2phr PER, 28phr EG and 2phr NHS passed the UL-94 V-0 level and significantly reduced heat release and smoke production.
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Qibin Xu, Lei Wu, Xiang Yan, Shengchang Zhang, Linan Dong, Zexi Su, Tianhaoyue Zhong, Chunhui Jiang, Yuan Chen, Mengjin Jiang, Pengqing Liu
Summary: In this study, a novel intumescent flame retardant Dohor-6000A was used to prepare halogen-free flame retardant PP fibers, with a surface modification to enhance compatibility with the PP resin. The addition of IFR did not damage the crystal structure or orientation of the PP matrix, helping maintain mechanical properties. The presence of IFR significantly improved flame retardant performance and thermal stability of PP fibers, with a LOI value of 29.1% and reduced heat release rates in comparison to pure PP fibers.
Article
Polymer Science
Xianting Wang, Hongyi Tu, Haofeng Xiao, Junyi Lu, Jie Xu, Guangxin Gu
Summary: A novel P-N flame-retardant (PON) was synthesized using diphenyl phosphoryl chloride and piperazine. The thermal stability, combustion behavior, and flame retardancy of PS composites containing PON and different char-forming agents were investigated. The PS/10% PON/10% EG composite exhibited the highest LOI value of 25.8% and significantly reduced pHRR, THR, and TSP compared to neat PS, demonstrating excellent flame retardancy. The flame-retardant mechanism of the composite was discussed based on SEM, TG-IR, and PY-GC/MS analysis.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Yurou Xia, Weihong Chai, Yuhang Liu, Xinying Su, Chenchen Liao, Meihuan Gao, Yingge Li, Zaihang Zheng
Summary: A starch-based and expandable graphite flame retardant system has been developed to improve the efficiency of bio-based flame retardants in polypropylene. The system exhibits high flame retardancy and anti-dripping ability.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Yuqi Liu, Li Yuan, Guozheng Liang, Aijuan Gu
Summary: In this study, novel phenolic compounds containing citraconimide groups were designed and synthesized, and para-functionalized and ortho-functionalized benzoxazine monomers were synthesized through reactions with furfurylamine and paraformaldehyde. The cured resins showed excellent processability and flame retardancy, with poly(pCI-fa) exhibiting better performance than poly(oCI-fa).
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Xin Li, Dong Liang, Kai Li, Xuemei Ma, Jianlan Cui, Zhiyong Hu
Summary: A hypophosphorous acid-based ionic liquid was synthesized and used with expandable graphite to enhance the flame retardancy of wood-plastic composites. The combination significantly reduced heat release rate and improved the char formation ability, demonstrating a synergistic effect on flame retardancy.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Jiajie Yang, Xiaohong Chen, Honglei Zhou, Weichun Guo, Jian Zhang, Zhen Miao, Daihua He
Summary: By compounding expandable graphite and aluminum hypophosphite, flame-retardant ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) composites were prepared with enhanced combustion performance. Thermogravimetric analysis results showed that AHP and EG promoted the carbonization of EVA to form the char layer, increasing LOI value and the probability to pass UL-94 V-0 rating.
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Yin Yam Chan, Bernhard Schartel
Summary: This feature article focuses on one of the most impressive halogen-free combinations in polyurethane foams (PUFs): expandable graphite (EG) and phosphorus-based flame retardants (P-FRs). The synergistic effect of EG and P-FRs improves the flame retardancy of PUFs by charring and maintaining a thermally insulating residue morphology, offering significant advantages.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Tsilla Bensabath, Johan Sarazin, Serge Bourbigot
Summary: Expandable graphite is used as a flame-retardant in polymers, forming a network of graphite worms that act as a thermal barrier. The anisotropy of heat conductivity in the intertwined network allows for heat dissipation in-plane but poorly out of plane, explaining the thermal barrier effect created by the entangled worms.
JOURNAL OF FIRE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Flavia Renata Abe, Andreia Avila Soares de Oliveira, Renan Vieira Marino, Taisa Carla Rizzi Rialto, Danielle Palma Oliveira, Daniel Junqueira Dorta
Summary: This study evaluated the toxicity of BDEs and HFFR on zebrafish early development. Results showed that at the highest concentration, BDE-47 induced edemas while HFFR ALPI had a lesser impact on development.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Rong Yang, Guozhang Gu, Mengdi Li, Jinchun Li
Summary: This study reports the synthesis of a new bio-based phosphorus-containing polyester polyol (PMCP) and finds that PMCP can be used as the sole polyol in the production of rigid polyurethane foam. The flame retardancy of the foam can be significantly enhanced by incorporating expandable graphite (EG).
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Hongkun Wang, Qiang Liu, Hui Li, Hao Zhang, Shouke Yan
Summary: In this study, a liquid-phosphorus-containing polyester diol (PPE) was incorporated into flame-retardant polyester-based flexible polyurethane foams (P-FPUFs). The results showed that PPE increased the flexibility of the foams and reduced the heat release rate and total heat release. Furthermore, the addition of expandable graphite (EG) further decreased the smoke production and increased the char formation.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yin Yam Chan, Andreas Korwitz, Doris Pospiech, Bernhard Schartel
Summary: A series of flexible polyurethane foams (FPUFs) were prepared with different combinations of flame retardants and additives to evaluate their synergistic effects on the properties of FPUFs. It was found that the combination of expandable graphite and phosphorous polyol significantly improved the char yield of the foams, thereby enhancing their flame retardancy. Furthermore, the addition of expandable graphite effectively reduced smoke and toxic gas emissions, while the replacement of polyether polyol with castor oil maintained the physical and mechanical properties and improved the bio-based content.
ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Sherif Araby, Chun-Hui Wang, Hao Wu, Qingshi Meng, Hsu-Chiang Kuan, Nam Kyeun Kim, Adrian Mouritz, Jun Ma
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2018)
Review
Polymer Science
Ashraful Alam, Yongjun Zhang, Hsu-Chiang Kuan, Sang-Heon Lee, Jun Ma
PROGRESS IN POLYMER SCIENCE
(2018)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Hao Wu, Sherif Araby, Jian Xu, Hsu-Chiang Kuan, Chun-Hui Wang, Adrian Mouritz, Yan Zhuge, Richard J. -T. Lin, Tony Zong, Jun Ma
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2018)
Article
Polymer Science
Shang-Hao Liu, Ming-Yuan Shen, Chen-Feng Kuan, Hsu-Chiang Kuan, Cing-Yu Ke, Chin-Lung Chiang
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Sherif Araby, Xiao Su, Qingshi Meng, Hsu-Chiang Kuan, Chun-Hui Wang, Adrian Mouritz, Ahmed Maged, Jun Ma
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Ruoyu Wang, Hsu-Chiang Kuan, Aidong Qiu, Xiao Su, Jun Ma
Article
Physics, Applied
Chen-Feng Kuan, Chin-Lung Chiang, Ming-Yuan Shen, Hsu-Chiang Kuan
MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS B
(2020)
Article
Physics, Applied
Ming-Yuan Shen, Chen-Feng Kuan, Hsu-Chiang Kuan, Jia-Ming Yang, Chin-Lung Chiang
MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS B
(2020)
Article
Physics, Applied
Hsu-Chiang Kuan, Chin-Lung Chiang, Ming-Yuan Shen, Chen-Feng Kuan
MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS B
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Mohannad Naeem, Hsu-Chiang Kuan, Andrew Michelmore, Qingshi Meng, Aidong Qiu, Mathias Aakyiir, Dusan Losic, Shenmin Zhu, Jun Ma
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2020)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ming-Yuan Shen, Chen-Feng Kuan, Hsu-Chiang Kuan, Cing-Yu Ke, Chin-Lung Chiang
Summary: By incorporating bagasse@TGIC@DOPO into the epoxy matrix to form a composite material with an interpenetrating network structure, the thermal stability and flame retardant properties of the composite material were enhanced, leading to significant improvement in performance indicators such as LOI and UL-94.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ming-Yuan Shen, Chen-Feng Kuan, Hsu-Chiang Kuan, Cing-Yu Ke, Chin-Lung Chiang
Summary: This study synthesized a non-halogenated, hyperbranched flame retardant containing nitrogen, phosphorus, and silicon using the sol-gel method and incorporated it into a polyurethane matrix to form an organic-inorganic hybrid material. The results showed that the hybrid material exhibited excellent compatibility between organic and inorganic phases, leading to improved flame retardant performance.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mohannad Naeem, Hsu-Chiang Kuan, Andrew Michelmore, Sirong Yu, Adrian P. Mouritz, Sanjay S. Chelliah, Jun Ma
Summary: A green and novel method was developed for preparing epoxy/graphene nanocomposites by microwave radiation and mechanical stirring, which successfully produced surface-modified graphene platelets without the need for organic solvents and surfactants. The process resulted in exfoliated and well-dispersed graphene platelets with improved mechanical and functional properties of the epoxy resin.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Xiao Su, Ruoyu Wang, Xiaofeng Li, Sherif Araby, Hsu-Chiang Kuan, Mohannad Naeem, Jun Ma
Summary: This study reviews the application of MWCNTs and GNPs in polymer nanocomposites, discussing their preparation methods and properties. Both fillers can enhance the performance of polymers and provide anti-static properties through proper surface modification and compounding techniques. The study also provides perspectives on future research directions and challenges.
NANO MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Theory & Methods
Chieh Kung, Hsu-Chiang Kuan, Chen-Feng Kuan
PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2018 1ST IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON KNOWLEDGE INNOVATION AND INVENTION (ICKII 2018)
(2018)
