Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shuoning Zhang, Chang Sun, Jianying Zhang, Shengyu Qin, Jiale Liu, Yunxiao Ren, Lanying Zhang, Wei Hu, Huai Yang, Dengke Yang
Summary: With the increasing demand for diverse and secure information deliveries, the scientific community has shown great interest in advanced security tags for data encryption. The combination of multisource stimuli-responsive mechanisms holds promise for achieving composite dynamic information storage. In this study, mechano- and chemochromism cholesteric liquid crystal elastomers (CLCEs) were prepared using a rhodamine lactam-based functional trigger through two different strategies, one-pot method and postfunctionalization method. The investigated performances of the CLCEs from these two strategies demonstrate their effectiveness in endowing materials with new functions and their suitability for various application scenarios. The composite material combines the force-induced structural periodicity variation of CLCE and the pigmentary and fluorescent properties changes of the functional trigger caused by the chemical environment. The orthogonal construction of dynamic structural color patterns and reversible pigmentary and fluorescent color patterns enables double encryption mode in the information stored in CLCE, showing great potential in information storage and anti-counterfeiting.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shuai-Yin Ma, He-Xin Li, Lan-Fen Wang, Dong-Xue Wang, Zhi-Na Ji, Xiao-Zhi He, Bao-Yan Zhang, Mei Tian
Summary: This paper synthesizes a series of liquid crystal polymers (PF) by hydrosilylation method using monomers containing furan group (MA), cholesterol group (MB), D(+)-camphoric acid group (MC), and cyano-group (MD) catalyzed by platinum catalyst. Another series of liquid crystal polymers (EF) is synthesized by the Dies-Alder reaction with cross-linker containing bismaleimide group. The successful synthesis of monomers and polymers is confirmed by FT-IR and H-1 NMR analysis. The thermal properties of the polymers are characterized by DSC and TGA, and the liquid crystal behavior is observed using POM and XRD.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Huimin Zhang, Jianjing Gao, Zhun Guo, Xingru Wang, Qingbo Li, Zongcheng Miao
Summary: Bistable electro-optical devices were successfully prepared by thermal curing of liquid crystalline epoxide, mercaptan, and negative-dielectric-anisotropy cholesteric liquid crystals (N-ChLCs). Four samples (A1-A4) were prepared to study the influence of helical twisting power (HTP), an important parameter of the chiral dopant, on the bistable electro-optical properties. Results showed that increasing HTP led to lower transmittance under low-frequency electric field and after its removal, due to smaller polymer microspheres. Samples with large HTP exhibited high transmittance states under high-frequency electric field and their bistability could be maintained for a long time.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Saddam Hussain, Soo-Young Park
Summary: The unique combination of photonic helicoidal structure and rubber-like properties in cholesteric liquid-crystal elastomers results in a highly stretchable mechanochromic film capable of reflecting both right- and left-handed circular polarized light. The patterned photonic CLCE film, controlled by applied strain, can encrypt data and camouflage itself under unpolarized daylight. These elastomers have potential applications in sensors, robotics, displays, encryption, and anti-counterfeiting due to their mechanochromic capabilities.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Florian Malotke, Tobias Thiele, Jochen S. Gutmann, Michael Giese
Summary: A modular tool box for photoresponsive cholesteric liquid crystals based on hydrogen-bonded assemblies is developed, allowing tunable structural coloration. The blue shift in cholesteric liquid-crystalline thin films is attributed to the photoinduced destruction of smectic clusters, resulting in a contraction of the helical structure. Furthermore, the use of a stereolithography 3D printer enables the direct transfer of digital information into a multicolor photonic pattern.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hongye Guo, Mohand O. Saed, Eugene M. Terentjev
Summary: The device is a self-tracking mechanism based on the principle of solar tracking, utilizing liquid crystalline elastomers to automatically track the sunlight source. Highly controlled photo-induced linear actuation is achieved through the addition of dye and a specific synthesis method. The device has a simple structure and can automatically adjust the platform angle to ensure the payload is facing the light source in illuminated conditions.
ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mengqi Fang, Tao Liu, Yang Xu, Binjie Jin, Ning Zheng, Yue Zhang, Qian Zhao, Zheng Jia, Tao Xie
Summary: The research presents a new digital photocuring method for the fast fabrication of LCE artificial muscles capable of complex motions, eliminating the need for traditional mesogen alignment techniques. Drawing inspiration from muscle motion principles, strategically arranged bending modules are designed using spatiotemporal digital light to achieve highly designable motions for LCEs.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
O. Kurochkin, K. Nazarenko, O. Tereshchenko, P. Golub, V Nazarenko
Summary: Chiral dopants with different lipophilicity were synthesized and their impact on the helical twisting power and thermal phase behavior of lyotropic chromonic liquid crystal (LCLC) was investigated. The study found that hydrophobic chiral molecules were more effective in twisting LCLC compared to hydrophilic ones.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Joselle M. McCracken, Jonathan D. Hoang, Jeremy A. Herman, Kelsey M. Lynch, Timothy J. White
Summary: Liquid crystalline elastomers (LCE) are compliant actuators with exceptional mechanical properties, and surface-enforced photoalignment is a well-established method for their preparation. This study presents a facile and scalable approach to circumvent the physical limits of surface-enforced alignment and increase the force output in LCE. The thermomechanical response of LCE elements with +1 disclination patterns is investigated, and the design and preparation of these patterns are explored to assess their contribution to deformation and force output. The methodology allows for the preparation of thick elements capable of actuating large objects and enables the realization of mechanical instabilities for faster actuation and leaping.
ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wei Tang, Yangqiao Lin, Chao Zhang, Yuwen Liang, Jinrong Wang, Wei Wang, Chen Ji, Maoying Zhou, Huayong Yang, Jun Zou
Summary: The new SEFAs soft actuators, which utilize electrically responsive fluids to convert energy, demonstrate excellent actuation performance and comprehensive capabilities, with potential applications in wearable assistant devices and soft robots.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jihye Choi, Yeongyu Choi, Jin-Hyeong Lee, Min Chan Kim, Sungmin Park, Kyu Hyun, Kyung Min Lee, Tae-Hoon Yoon, Suk-kyun Ahn
Summary: In this study, a printable cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer (CLCE) was successfully prepared using direct ink writing-based 3D printing. By introducing shear and elongational forces during the preparation process, the helical axis of the CLCE was inclined, resulting in an anisotropic mechanochromic response when stretched. This unique property opens up new possibilities for the development of strain sensors with intricate color patterns.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Grant E. Bauman, Joselle M. McCracken, Timothy J. White
Summary: Liquid crystal elastomers (LCE) are emerging material actuators that undergo macroscopic dimensional changes when stimulated. In this study, LCE is prepared using thiol-Michael/thiol-ene reactions, enabling actuation at or below ambient temperature. The alignment of LCE is achieved through mechanical alignment and 3D printing, allowing for high strain and tunable thermotropic response.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Woong Chan Han, Young-Joo Lee, Se-Um Kim, Hye Joo Lee, Young-Seok Kim, Dae Seok Kim
Summary: A novel mechanochromic strain sensor is proposed, which can distinguish the orientation, location, and degree of deformation based on a highly stretchable membrane of main-chain chiral liquid crystalline elastomer (MCLCE). By utilizing step-growth polymerization and phase-stabilization, the MCLCE film exhibits uniform and significant color shift upon small strain. The sensor shows multimodal, instantaneous color change for sensing arbitrary in-plane deformation, out-of-plane bending, and nonzero Gaussian deformation, and can also display color patterns or encrypted images in response to localized weight or strain.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hongye Guo, Mohand O. Saed, Eugene M. Terentjev
Summary: A composite liquid crystalline elastomer is created by combining mesogenic polymers in the network, resulting in micro-phase separated regions of nematic and smectic ordering. Calorimetry and X-ray scattering are used to detect thermal phase transitions and investigate the nematic/smectic structure. The mechanical properties, including ductility and modulus, are optimized by varying the composition of the material.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Joselle M. McCracken, Brian R. Donovan, Kelsey M. Lynch, Timothy J. White
Summary: Liquid crystalline elastomers (LCE) are stimuli-responsive materials with a distinguished mechanical response. Recent studies have shown that preparing LCE using a liquid crystalline diacrylate with reduced mesogen-mesogen interaction enhances and sharpens the thermotropic actuation of these materials. Three common synthetic methods demonstrate robust composition-response correlations in LCE, and the enhanced thermotropic response of LCE prepared from this precursor increases the thermomechanical efficiency by sixfold, addressing important limitations in utilizing the thermal response of LCE in robotics, health care, and consumer goods.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yuzhan Li, Veronica Ambrogi, Pierfrancesco Cerruti, Monojoy Goswami, Zhou Yang, Michael R. Kessler, Orlando Rios
Summary: Liquid crystalline epoxy networks (LCENs) are a type of functional materials that combine the properties of liquid crystals and epoxy networks, showing unique thermal, mechanical, and stimuli-responsive characteristics. They are widely used in various applications such as sensors, coatings, and soft robotics. By understanding the structure-processing-property relationships, materials engineers can develop LCENs with desired functionalities. Research on LCENs continues to advance, with focus on advanced manufacturing and multi-functional design, providing novel materials for future technologies.
INTERNATIONAL MATERIALS REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Li Jinqian, Yuzhen Zhao, Hong Gao, Dong Wang, Zongcheng Miao, Hui Cao, Zhou Yang, Wanli He
Summary: This study investigates the effects of crosslinking agent TMPTA content, liquid crystal content, and CeO2 content on the polymer structures and electro-optical properties of PDLC films. It was found that by doping a small amount of CeO2 nanoparticles, the electro-optical properties of PDLC films can be optimized, showing a significant decrease in V-th and increase in CR. This work provides a valuable approach to optimize the electro-optical properties of PDLC films, laying a solid foundation for their wide application.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Miaomiao Jia, Yuzhen Zhao, Hong Gao, Dong Wang, Zongcheng Miao, Hui Cao, Zhou Yang, Wanli He
Summary: The electro-optical characteristics of PDLC were dependent on the amount of Al2O3 nanoparticles used, with morphology affecting the driving voltage. Optimizing nanoparticles concentration can result in promising electronic materials for display applications.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Shuchen Tian, Hui Cao, Zhou Yang, Yuzhen Zhao, Wanli He, Hong Gao
Summary: In this study, four new pyrene derivatives with good third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties were synthesized using a click chemical method. The derivatives were characterized and tested, showing promising third-order NLO performance.
PIGMENT & RESIN TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jianming Zhao, Jirong Shi, Xiangdan Meng, Chenchen Gong, Peng Wu, Zhou Yang, Haifeng Dong
Summary: Stimuli-responsive nanoplatforms have great potential for delivering drugs to kill cancer cells with high accuracy and minimal invasiveness. In this study, ROS-responsive nanoscale coordination polymers were designed, and the release of drugs was enhanced under ultrasound stimulation. The nanoplatform achieved the synergistic effect of sonodynamic therapy and chemotherapy, and showed good targeting ability to cancer cells.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Weidong Zhao, Jinming Li, Zhenjie Xue, Xuezhi Qiao, Ailin Li, Xiangyu Chen, Yun Feng, Zhou Yang, Tie Wang
Summary: A binary nanosphere array with dual properties was constructed as a separation-sensing platform for the diagnosis of target molecules in tears. This platform enables tear collection, pre-separation, and detection, and successfully identifies patients with jaundice.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2022)
Article
Optics
Rui Han, Ping Gan, Xuetao Zhang, Weiting Shi, Hui Li, Hui Cao, Huihui Wang, Dong Wang, Zhou Yang, Wanli He
Summary: Polymer stabilized cholesteric liquid crystal broadband reflective films are prepared using the thermal diffusion of an organic UV absorber combined with photopolymerization. The diffusion method of the UV absorber enables the broadening of the reflected bandwidth under appropriate conditions.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Chenchen Gong, Jianming Zhao, Xiangdan Meng, Zhou Yang, Haifeng Dong
Summary: In this study, a novel Cu-CuFe2O4 nanoenzyme was developed for simultaneous relief of hypoxia and depletion of GSH, enhancing the therapeutic effect of ROS-involved therapy. The nanoenzyme exhibited catalytic activities to continuously generate oxygen from tumor-overexpressed hydrogen peroxide, facilitating hypoxia-relieved sonodynamic therapy. Additionally, the Cu-CuFe2O4 NPs reacted with GSH to generate abundant hydroxyl radicals for chemodynamic therapy. The efficient anticancer ability of Cu-CuFe2O4 NPs was demonstrated in MCF-7 cell killing and multicellular tumor spheroids elimination.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rui Han, Xuetao Zhang, Hui Li, Hui Cao, Huihui Wang, Zhou Yang, Dong Wang, Wanli He
Summary: Polymer-stabilised cholesteric liquid crystal (PSCLC) broadband reflective films are prepared by zeolite imidazole framework-8 (ZIF-8)-assisted bidirectional diffusion combined with light curing. The effects of various factors on the pitch gradient of the films are systematically investigated, and the maximum reflection bandwidth achieved is 1274 nm.
Article
Spectroscopy
Jinming Li, Xiaoyu Cui, Xia Yang, Yuting Qiu, Yuzhan Li, Hui Cao, Dong Wang, Wanli He, Yun Feng, Zhou Yang
Summary: Hyperuricemia, closely related to various diseases, has been identified as one of the most persistent diseases in the 21st century. To address this issue, we developed ordered inverse opal array structures (PAANs) for the detection of uric acid in tears of hyperuricemia patients, demonstrating its rapid, effective, and non-invasive nature.
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Hao Wang, Huimin Zhou, Wanli He, Zhou Yang, Hui Cao, Dong Wang, Yuzhan Li
Summary: Blue-Phase Liquid Crystals (BPLCs) have attracted great attention as excellent 3D photonic crystals with potential applications in self-assembling tunable photonic crystals and fast-response displays. They offer sub-millisecond response time, three-dimensional cubic structure, macroscopic optical isotropy, and high contrast ratio, making them promising for patterned applications. This paper focuses on the latest advances in BP materials, including their applications in patterned microscopy, electric field driving, handwriting driving, optical writing, and inkjet printing. The paper concludes with future challenges and opportunities for BP materials, providing important insights for their subsequent development.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Wan-Li He, Ya-Qian Zhang, Wen-Tuo Hu, Hui-Min Zhou, Zhou Yang, Hui Cao, Dong Wang
Summary: In this study, a liquid crystal composite material was developed for tuning the reflective bands. By doping specific compounds, the reflective bands can be adjusted by tuning the electric field parameters. The effects of electric field frequency, voltage, retention time, and molecular structure on the reflection bandwidth were investigated in detail.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yutong Liu, Rui Han, Xiaohui Zhao, Yue Cao, Hui Cao, Yinjie Chen, Zhou Yang, Dong Wang, Wanli He
Summary: This paper focuses on the preparation of broadband reflective liquid crystal films using monofunctional and bifunctional monomers through diffusion in a photoinduced trilayer system. By combining different liquid crystal surface treatment technologies, a liquid crystal composite system is formed, and the gradient distribution of liquid crystal pitch is achieved through the difference in polymerization rates between monofunctional and bifunctional monomers, resulting in an extended reflective range.
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Xuefeng Gong, Gaofeng Qi, Yijing Li, Kuo Zhang, Yonghong Gao, Dong Wang, Hui Cao, Zhou Yang, Lei Wang
Summary: Transformable peptides (TPs) are biomedical materials that can self-assemble and transform into different nanostructures through ligand-receptor interactions. The self-assembling sequence of TPs affects their nanostructures and distribution in cells.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY B
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yuxian Zhang, Hiroyuki Yoshida, Fan Chu, Yu-Qiang Guo, Zhou Yang, Masanori Ozaki, Qiong-Hua Wang
Summary: In this work, the three-dimensional lattice deformation of blue phase liquid crystals under electrostriction is investigated. A method to experimentally determine the lattice constants of blue phases under an electric field is proposed. The method is applied to thin films of blue phase liquid crystals to study their lattice deformation and azimuthal orientation evolution. The results show discrete elongation of blue phases along the field direction and larger lattice deformation in the field-perpendicular directions for BP I crystals. This work provides important insights into the electrostriction behavior of blue phases and the improvement of electro-optical performance of blue phase devices in practical applications.
Article
Polymer Science
Yuanzhang Jiang, Xuyi Wang, Yanting Han, Dakai Gong, Yingchun Gu, Lin Tan
Summary: In this study, FeCl3 and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) were doped into waterborne polyurethanes (WPUs) to create multifunctional materials with self-healing and antimicrobial properties. WPU/Fe/PAA-5.5, containing 5.5 wt % PAA, exhibited excellent mechanical properties, strong self-healing capabilities, and an impressive antimicrobial rate of over 90%. These supramolecular films were also highly recyclable through hot-pressing.
Article
Polymer Science
Longyu Tian, Min Wang, Guangming Liao, Baoliang Liu, Sujuan Zhang, Yucheng Sun, Zhen Meng, Jintao Zhang, Zaijun Lu
Summary: Two kinds of benzoxazine monomers were synthesized and used to prepare polybenzoxazine anion exchange membranes (AEMs) with quaternary ammonium functionalization. The LQPBZ AEM exhibited better ion conductivity and alkaline stability.
Article
Polymer Science
Claire A. Lemarchand
Summary: This study investigates the shock behavior of three different polymers through molecular dynamics simulations. The results reveal specificities in the shock behavior of polymers, including deviations from the linear relation between shock velocity and particle velocity, as well as differences in shear stress relaxation behind the shock front. It is found that the deviation of the Hugoniot locus is related to the change in the relative contribution of bonding and non-bonding potential energies, while polymers with higher glass transition temperatures exhibit slower shear stress relaxation.
Article
Polymer Science
Zengquan Liu, Xiaochun Yin, He Zhang, Shuo Gao, Qinglin Kuang, Yanhong Feng
Summary: A powder solid-state extension (PSSE) technology was proposed to address the high melt viscosity issue of UHMWPE. By uniaxial extension and sintering in the solid state, a highly self-reinforced material was prepared. X-ray diffraction and scattering techniques were used to study the structural evolution during the PSSE process, and a solid-phase induced transformation model was established.
Article
Polymer Science
Zhike Li, Anyu Luo, Rui Zhou, Xin Li, Haiyan Li
Summary: A novel high temperature resistance IL@SiO2 nanocapsules were successfully prepared and their friction and wear properties in PA6 composites were studied. The addition of IL@SiO2 nanocapsules reduced the friction coefficient and wear rate without affecting the mechanical properties of PA6. The synergy between the IL core and SiO2 wall in the nanocapsules improved the self-lubricating performance of the PA6 composites.
Article
Polymer Science
Xin Liu, Xuhong Guo, Qi Liao
Summary: In this study, an algorithm for accurately estimating viscosity is developed using molecular dynamics simulations and the Green-Kubo formula. This algorithm can be applied to complex systems with long correlations, such as macromolecular and biological simulation systems.
Article
Polymer Science
Hao Pu, Yun-Lei Hou, Jing -Zhou Chen, Dong -Lin Zhao
Summary: The use of modified graphene improves the interfacial adherence of carbon fibers to epoxy resin, resulting in enhanced interfacial and bending properties of CF and matrix in CF/EP composites, as well as increased interlaminar shear strength and flexural strength.
Article
Polymer Science
Wei-Chung Ke, Jin-Wei Lin, Manohar Reddy Busireddy, Yueh-Hsing Lee, Jiun-Tai Chen, Chain-Shu Hsu
Summary: This study introduces a crosslinkable monomer, TAIC, to synthesize three crosslinked polyimide films, which exhibit improved thermal, mechanical, and dielectric properties. The introduction of TAIC enhances the tensile strength, reduces the dielectric constant and dielectric loss, and decreases the coefficient of thermal expansion of the polyimide films.
Article
Polymer Science
Alex Kwasi Kumi, Ruiling Fan, Ye Chen, Yumei Zhang
Summary: The difference in leaching of amylopectin from cellulose/amylopectin/1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Bmim][Cl]) blends during regeneration in water and aqueous ethanol has been studied. Molecular dynamics simulations showed that the dissolution and regeneration mechanisms of amylopectin in [Bmim][Cl] are similar to cellulose in ionic liquids. Water regeneration leads to weak electrostatic interactions, resulting in high leaching of amylopectin. In contrast, ethanol-water interactions enhance electrostatic interactions among amylopectin chains, limiting amylopectin leaching in aqueous ethanol.
Article
Polymer Science
Xi Zeng, Junwei Zhou, Junbiao Peng, Chunsheng Zhang, Danling Wang, Yihu Song, Qiang Zheng
Summary: This study utilizes an oligomer deep eutectic solvent (DES) based on polyethylene glycol to regulate the vulcanization kinetics of rubber. The results show that the DES can accelerate vulcanization at low temperatures without affecting the crosslinking density and Mullins effect.
Article
Polymer Science
Qianqian Yue, Yongfei Peng, Xingjian Liu, Aihua He, Huarong Nie
Summary: The addition of metal deactivators can effectively suppress the aging of TBIR, prolong its lifespan, and have no negative effects on its physical and processing properties. These research findings are of great importance for improving the stability and aging resistance of polymers.
Article
Polymer Science
J. Gomez-Caturla, J. Ivorra-Martinez, R. Tejada-Oliveros, V Moreno, D. Garcia-Garcia, R. Balart
Summary: This work focuses on the development of environmentally friendly PLA formulations by using different esters derived from geraniol as plasticizers. The results show that these esters have good compatibility with PLA, and they can effectively enhance the elongation and plasticity of PLA, reduce its glass transition temperature, and slightly improve its water absorption capabilities.
Article
Polymer Science
Dandan Li, Zhaohui Lu, Zhao Ke, Ke Xu, Fengna Dai, Youhai Yu, Guangtao Qian, Chunhai Chen
Summary: In this study, cross-linked PI aerogel membranes with low dielectric constant and high moisture resistance were prepared by co-polymerization and scraping coating technology. The incorporation of fluorinated blocks and benzimidazole ring structures resulted in novel PI aerogel membranes with fascinating dielectric properties and outstanding moisture resistance.
Article
Polymer Science
Zhaoyang Chu, Qing Zhang, Haihua Luo, Han Zhou, Fapei Zhang, Wei Chen, Wenhua Zhang
Summary: Multi-physical fields solution processing strategy is a universal and facile method for preparing various conjugated polymer films and high-performance devices. In this study, we employed a combined microfluidic flow and ultrasonication strategy (FU) for processing CP solutions, and found a pronounced synergetic effect in promoting the pre-ordering of chains in solution. The conformation order and anisotropy of the solution were revealed through various characterizations. A non-classical nucleation model for polymer crystallization in non-equilibrium solution processing was confirmed. The roles of microfluidic flow and ultrasonication in chain aggregation and crystallization were addressed through multi-physical simulations. Compared to pristine solutions, the FU strategy showed improved solution anisotropy and crystallization kinetics, resulting in higher crystallinity in films and increased mobilities in OFET devices. The FU processing strategy provides a universal approach for regulating chain conformation and aggregation in conjugated polymer solutions.
