Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Fangjian Shan, Jun Hu, Chuan Gu, Yue Zhou, Zexin Zhang, Gaojian Chen
Summary: Glyco-micromotors were successfully synthesized in situ directed by multifunctional glycopolymers, capable of loading and guiding bacteria with different individual and group motions.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Sotaro Tsuji, Kazuma Kobayashi, Toshiki Fujii, Hiroaki Imoto, Kensuke Naka, Yuji Aso, Hitomi Ohara, Tomonari Tanaka
Summary: This study reports novel polymers bearing water-soluble tetrafluorobenzene sulfonic acid (sulfoTFB) activated ester groups. The stability of both the polymers and monomers is significantly improved by introducing an alkanediyl linker. The resulting sulfoTFB-bearing polymer is used to synthesize oligosaccharide-grafted glycopolymers with high binding affinity to lectin via post-polymerization modification in water.
MACROMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Feihu Bi, Jin Zhang, Rui Xie, Deshui Yu, Hanchen Wei, Yulong Wang, Zan Hua, Xiangming Qi, Bo Huang, Guang Yang
Summary: A one-dimensional glyconanorod (GNR) was reported, which showed superior targeting sensing and killing for Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli). The GNRs exhibited multivalent recognition between mannoses on the nanorod and the lectin on the surface of E. coli. Additionally, red fluorescence was observed due to the hydrogen bonding between amide rhodamine and ATP. These glyconanomaterials not only featured superior and targeted bacterial sensing and antibacterial activity, but also better biocompatibility compared with PEG-covered nanomaterials.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Lisa Rita Magnaghi, Camilla Zanoni, Giancarla Alberti, Paolo Quadrelli, Raffaela Biesuz
Summary: Intelligent packaging is an emerging trend in the food industry, particularly for perishable foods like milk and dairy products. The miniaturized BCP-EVOH@ sensor, which consists of bromocresol purple (BCP) covalently bound to ethylene-vinyl alcohol (EVOH) copolymer, allows for milk freshness monitoring during chilled storage with naked-eye evaluation and chemometric-assisted spoilage modelling and measurements.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Chang-Hee Whang, Jungwoo Hong, Dohyeon Kim, Hong Ryu, Wonsik Jung, Youngju Son, Hyeongseop Keum, Jinjoo Kim, Hocheol Shin, Eugene Moon, Ilkoo Noh, Hee-Seung Lee, Sangyong Jon
Summary: This study reports a library of glycocalyx-mimicking nanoparticles for screening and identification of cancer-targeting nanomedicines. The researchers found that certain nanoparticles selectively targeted different tumors and exhibited potent therapeutic effects. The results suggest that this nanoparticle library has a versatile application potential beyond cancer treatment.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Daniel J. Valles, Yerzhan S. Zholdassov, Joanna Korpanty, Samiha Uddin, Yasir Naeem, David R. Mootoo, Nathan C. Gianneschi, Adam B. Braunschweig
Summary: A novel glycan array architecture that binds the mannose-specific glycan binding protein ConA with sub-femtomolar avidity was reported. The study systematically investigated the effect of brush height and mannoside grafting density on the ConA binding, revealing that multivalent and cooperative binding contribute to the unprecedented sensitivity of the GTGFRP brushes. The use of hypersurface photolithography demonstrated the ease with which new chemistry can be tailored for specific applications.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jean Schoeller, Karin Wuertz-Kozak, Stephen J. J. Ferguson, Markus Rottmar, Jonathan Avaro, Yvonne Elbs-Glatz, Michael Chung, Rene M. Rossi
Summary: The ability of poly(ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol) nanofibers to release ibuprofen for the treatment of chronic wounds was evaluated. The electrospinning of different compositions of poly(ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol) copolymers was optimized, and the release kinetics of ibuprofen from the nanofibers at different temperatures were studied. The scaffolds also showed no cytotoxicity to normal human fibroblasts, indicating their potential for use in chronic wound treatment.
NANOSCALE ADVANCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
P. Trosan, J. S. J. Tang, R. R. Rosencrantz, L. Daehne, A. Debrassi Smaczniak, S. Staehlke, S. Chea, T. A. Fuchsluger
Summary: By analyzing cytotoxicity/viability, morphology, and immunohistochemistry, researchers synthesized various mucin-mimicking glycopolymers and found that six of them had no cytotoxic effect on corneal epithelial cells at low concentrations, suggesting their potential use in lubricating and protecting the ocular surface.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tieshuai Zhao, Roberto Terracciano, Jonas Becker, Alessandra Monaco, Gokhan Yilmaz, C. Remzi Becer
Summary: Carbohydrates with distinct complexity use the glycocode to communicate with carbohydrate-binding proteins, manipulating biological activities. Understanding the glycocode is crucial for controlling immune cell-pathogen interactions and preventing infectious diseases. Yet, synthetic glycomacromolecules still lack the complexity and precision of naturally existing glycans.
Article
Polymer Science
Fei Xu, Wenhua Jing, Gaojian Chen, Zexin Zhang
Summary: The study presents a simple and effective method for synthesizing composite bowl-shaped colloidal particles, with bowl-shape determined by stirring and centrifugal force. Bowl size, thickness, and functional groups can be tuned by varying stirring speed, TPM monomer amount, and adding initiators and functional monomers during synthesis. The resulting particles exhibit biological activity and can be further modified to produce micromotors with controlled motions.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Eric M. DuBois, Honour O. Adewumi, Payton R. O'Connor, Jacob E. Labovitz, Timothy M. O'Shea
Summary: Neural tissue damage after CNS injury is replaced by non-neural fibrotic scar tissue. This study developed glycopolymer-based hydrogels to promote adaptive glia repair. The hydrogels were able to alter the natural injury responses of glial cells, reduce lesion size, and promote axon regrowth in lesion core environments.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Beatriz Melendez-Rodriguez, Sergio Torres-Giner, Lorenzo Zavagna, Chris Sammon, Luis Cabedo, Cristina Prieto, Jose M. Lagaron
Summary: In this study, electrospinning technology was used to successfully process EVOH44 copolymer with cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), resulting in hybrid nanocomposite films with improved properties. Increasing the CNCs content led to enhancements in mechanical properties, but also accompanied by reductions in certain aspects of performance. Furthermore, the oxygen barrier properties of the films remained high at different relative humidities, demonstrating great potential as barrier materials for food packaging.
Article
Polymer Science
Yimeng Li, Malgorzata Milewska, Yee Yee Khine, Nicholas Ariotti, Martina H. Stenzel
Summary: Preventing bacterial infection by using anti-adhesive compounds is an alternative to antibiotic treatment. In this study, trehalose-based polymers were used as anti-adhesive agents, which showed good dispersibility and non-toxicity. Additionally, loading ciprofloxacin onto cellulose nanofibers showed efficient inhibition of bacterial adhesion and growth.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Savio Batista, Filipi Fim Andreao, Lucca B. Palavani, Pedro Borges, Gabriel Verly, Raphael Bertani, Jose Alberto Almeida Filho, Wellingson S. Paiva, Livia V. de Abreu, Bruno L. Pessoa
Summary: This study systematically reviewed the safety and effectiveness of Onyx (TM) presurgical embolization (PE) in meningioma resection. The results showed that Onyx (TM) PE can help make the surgery safer. However, further studies are needed to validate its efficacy, improve patient selection, and refine techniques.
NEUROSURGICAL REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Ana-Maria Pana, Valentin Ordodi, Vasile Gherman, Paula Sfirloaga, Gabriela-Alina Dumitrel
Summary: Polymers derived from natural raw materials have gained attention for their biodegradable features and biocompatibility. Our group synthesized and characterized polymers derived from D-mannose oligomer (M), 2-hydroxy propyl acrylate (HPA), and methacrylate (HPMA) in different weight ratios. Biodegradation studies showed that the methacrylate derivative M_HPMA1 lost about 50% of its weight during incubation with pure Proteus mirabilis inoculum. SEM/EDX techniques revealed the modifications of the samples during the biodegradation process. The estimated total degradation time of the D-mannose glycopolymers sample in soil was approximately one year based on mathematical models.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Orietta Leon, Diana Soto, Alexandra Munoz-Bonilla, Marta Fernandez-Garcia
Summary: High-amylose maize starch was modified through graft copolymerization and covalent crosslinking, and evaluated as absorbent materials for release fertilizers. The study included extraction and precipitation of the starch, setting reaction parameters, characterization of the modified starches, and evaluation of their performance as release fertilizer systems through gravimetric and conductimetric analysis.
JOURNAL OF POLYMERS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Duarte M. Cecilio, Maria L. Cerrada, Ernesto Perez, Auguste Fernandes, Joao Paulo Lourenco, Timothy F. L. McKenna, M. Rosario Ribeiro
Summary: A novel supported activator (SA) approach utilizing nano-sized supported methylaluminoxane (MAO)-activator based on halloysite natural nanotubes (HNT) and an in situ supporting concept is developed for the preparation of high density polyethylene (HDPE)-based highly performant hybrid materials. The SA method shows enhanced polymerization activities and generates ultimate materials with improved morphological features, greater crystallinity, thicker crystals, and significantly increased stiffness. The use of high aspect ratio support like HNT also contributes to better mechanical properties compared to similar HDPE hybrid materials derived from dendrimer-like silica (DS) nanospheres.
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Enrique Blazquez-Blazquez, Rosa Barranco-Garcia, Tamara M. Diez-Rodriguez, Maria L. Cerrada, Ernesto Perez
Summary: Different materials based on an L-rich polylactide (PLA) matrix, acetyl tri-n-butyl citrate (ATBC) plasticizer, and mesoporous MCM-41 particles as nucleating agent were obtained by melt extrusion. The incorporation of plasticizer and nucleating particles reduced the phase transition temperature of PLA and promoted its crystallization. A significant increase in PLA crystallization rate was observed due to the synergistic effect of ATBC and MCM-41.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zeineb Chorfi, Djouhra Aggoun, Selma Houchi, Zakia Messasma, Mostafa S. Abd El-Maksoud, Marta Fernandez-Garcia, Daniel Lopez, Chawki Bensouici, Ali Ourari, Yasmina Ouennoughi
Summary: The Ni(II) complex was successfully synthesized and characterized using various techniques such as elemental analysis, spectroscopic studies, thermal analysis, X-ray powder diffraction, and morphological measurements. The redox properties of the complex were investigated using cyclic voltammetry, and the structure was determined using density functional theory calculations. The complex exhibited a strong tyrosinase inhibitory activity in vitro.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rosa Barranco-Garcia, Alberto Garcia-Penas, Enrique Blazquez-Blazquez, Jorge A. Ressia, Lidia M. Quinzani, Enrique M. Valles, Jose M. Gomez-Elvira, Ernesto Perez, Maria L. Cerrada
Summary: In this study, nanocomposites based on polypropylene are synthesized by in situ polymerization with the presence of mesoporous SBA-15 silica. The incorporation of polypropylene into the silica structure is confirmed by thermal analysis, and the addition of silica has a significant effect on the rheological properties of the materials.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Pilar Posadas, Juan L. Valentin, Rosario Benavente, Enrique Blazquez-Blazquez, Ane Urtiaga, Juan A. Alvarez, Maria L. Cerrada
Summary: The effect of electron beam (EB) irradiation on low and high density polyethylenes (LDPE and HDPE) at different doses is analyzed. Important parameters such as degree of crystallinity, melting or crystallization temperatures are dependent on the initial PE molecular architecture, which also controls the gel content and the dose of EB applied. The molecular changes during EB irradiation lead to hindrance in crystallization capacity, reduction in crystallinity, and formation of thinner crystallites in both LDPE and HDPE.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Maria L. Cerrada, Javier Arranz-Andres, Alicia Caballero-Gonzalez, Enrique Blazquez-Blazquez, Ernesto Perez
Summary: Different amounts of CNT have been incorporated in PVDF-based nanocomposites by solvent blending and precipitation, followed by compression molding. The inclusion of CNT promotes the formation of polar β phase in PVDF, resulting in the coexistence of α and β lattices. CNT acts as a nucleating agent and reinforcement, increasing the stiffness and conductivity of the nanocomposites.
Article
Polymer Science
Maria Dolores Martin-Alonso, Valentina Salaris, Adrian Leones, Victor Hevilla, Alexandra Munoz-Bonilla, Coro Echeverria, Marta Fernandez-Garcia, Laura Peponi, Daniel Lopez
Summary: Functionalized silver nanoparticles were successfully incorporated into PLA solutions to produce multifunctional polymeric fibers using centrifugal force-spinning. The effects of nanoparticle incorporation and fiber preparation method on morphology, thermomechanical properties, biodisintegration, and antimicrobial behavior were investigated. The results showed that the best thermomechanical behavior was achieved with 1 wt% of nanoparticles, and the fibers exhibited antibacterial activity with a killing percentage between 65 and 90%. All samples were disintegrable under composting conditions. Additionally, a good thermally activated shape-memory effect was observed in fiber mats with 2 wt% of nanoparticles.
Article
Polymer Science
Tamara M. Diez-Rodriguez, Enrique Blazquez-Blazquez, Marta Fernandez-Garcia, Alexandra Munoz-Bonilla, Ernesto Perez, Maria L. Cerrada
Summary: Composites based on PLLA and MCM-41, either neat or modified with Ag, are prepared and show antimicrobial properties. The thermal stability, nucleation efficiency, and mechanical response of PLLA are influenced by MCM-41 nature and content. WAXS measurements reveal the formation of ordered ff crystals in the composites containing MCM-41@Ag. The composites with higher silica content exhibit higher MH values and remarkable antimicrobial features.
Article
Polymer Science
Victor Hevilla, Agueda Sonseca, Coro Echeverria, Alexandra Munoz-Bonilla, Marta Fernandez-Garcia
Summary: In this study, the formation of polymeric networks with potential antimicrobial character was described. The networks were based on an acrylate oligomer, poly(mannitol sebacate) (PMS), and an enzymatically synthesized methacrylic monomer with thiazole groups (MTA). Physicochemical characterization revealed that the incorporation of MTA into the networks and subsequent quaternization affected their mechanical behavior and surface wettability. The introduction of permanent cationic charges in the network surface gave antimicrobial activity to them, as confirmed by the analysis against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and red blood cells for antibacterial behavior and hemotoxicity, respectively.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Pedro Canamero, Marta Fernandez-Garcia, Jose Luis de la Fuente
Summary: In this study, the adhesion properties of poly(GMA-co-BA) copolymers were investigated on different metal surfaces using three different curing agents. The optimal curing conditions were determined using DSC analysis, and the adhesion performance was evaluated through single-lap shear tests. The results showed that the choice of curing agent influenced the adhesion strength and the optimal curing temperature, with the best performance observed using 2-CA as the curing agent with aluminum and iron substrates.
MACROMOLECULAR MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
Sergio Fernandez-Delgado, Alberto Garcia-Penas, Daniel Serrano, Maria L. Cerrada, Jose M. Gomez-Elvira
Summary: Polypropylene-based thermoplastic elastomers are highly sought-after materials in the industry due to their excellent mechanical performance and durability. They play a crucial role in the automotive sector, accounting for up to 32% of the total plastic used in cars. In this study, poly(propylene-co-ethylene-co-norbornene) terpolymers were investigated as potential candidates for a new class of thermoplastic elastomers with tunable properties. However, their thorough characterization has been hindered by the complexity of their 13CNMR spectra. The researchers successfully synthesized and characterized these terpolymers using NMR analysis, providing insights into their microstructure and composition.
Article
Polymer Science
Victor Hevilla, Agueda Sonseca, Marta Fernandez-Garcia
Summary: In this study, one-pot enzymatic synthesis procedures were developed to obtain poly(glycerol adipate) macromers with methacrylate end-functional groups. The obtained macromers showed a high fraction of methacrylate end groups and could be crosslinked under UV irradiation in a simple one-step procedure. This research provides a new approach to obtain methacrylate-functional linear macromers without the need for complex acrylation/methacrylation procedures.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Alberto Chiloeches, Jakub Zagora, Daniela Placha, Marcelo D. T. Torres, Cesar de la Fuente-Nunez, Fatima Lopez-Fabal, Yolanda Gil-Romero, Raquel Fernandez-Garcia, Marta Fernandez-Garcia, Coro Echeverria, Alexandra Munoz-Bonilla
Summary: This study investigated the synergistic antimicrobial effect of a cationic biobased polymer and the antimicrobial peptide temporin L. The results showed that the covalently conjugated polymer-peptide displayed an antagonistic effect, but incorporating both antimicrobial compounds into fibers improved antibacterial performance.
ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Yuanzhang Jiang, Xuyi Wang, Yanting Han, Dakai Gong, Yingchun Gu, Lin Tan
Summary: In this study, FeCl3 and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) were doped into waterborne polyurethanes (WPUs) to create multifunctional materials with self-healing and antimicrobial properties. WPU/Fe/PAA-5.5, containing 5.5 wt % PAA, exhibited excellent mechanical properties, strong self-healing capabilities, and an impressive antimicrobial rate of over 90%. These supramolecular films were also highly recyclable through hot-pressing.
Article
Polymer Science
Longyu Tian, Min Wang, Guangming Liao, Baoliang Liu, Sujuan Zhang, Yucheng Sun, Zhen Meng, Jintao Zhang, Zaijun Lu
Summary: Two kinds of benzoxazine monomers were synthesized and used to prepare polybenzoxazine anion exchange membranes (AEMs) with quaternary ammonium functionalization. The LQPBZ AEM exhibited better ion conductivity and alkaline stability.
Article
Polymer Science
Claire A. Lemarchand
Summary: This study investigates the shock behavior of three different polymers through molecular dynamics simulations. The results reveal specificities in the shock behavior of polymers, including deviations from the linear relation between shock velocity and particle velocity, as well as differences in shear stress relaxation behind the shock front. It is found that the deviation of the Hugoniot locus is related to the change in the relative contribution of bonding and non-bonding potential energies, while polymers with higher glass transition temperatures exhibit slower shear stress relaxation.
Article
Polymer Science
Zengquan Liu, Xiaochun Yin, He Zhang, Shuo Gao, Qinglin Kuang, Yanhong Feng
Summary: A powder solid-state extension (PSSE) technology was proposed to address the high melt viscosity issue of UHMWPE. By uniaxial extension and sintering in the solid state, a highly self-reinforced material was prepared. X-ray diffraction and scattering techniques were used to study the structural evolution during the PSSE process, and a solid-phase induced transformation model was established.
Article
Polymer Science
Zhike Li, Anyu Luo, Rui Zhou, Xin Li, Haiyan Li
Summary: A novel high temperature resistance IL@SiO2 nanocapsules were successfully prepared and their friction and wear properties in PA6 composites were studied. The addition of IL@SiO2 nanocapsules reduced the friction coefficient and wear rate without affecting the mechanical properties of PA6. The synergy between the IL core and SiO2 wall in the nanocapsules improved the self-lubricating performance of the PA6 composites.
Article
Polymer Science
Xin Liu, Xuhong Guo, Qi Liao
Summary: In this study, an algorithm for accurately estimating viscosity is developed using molecular dynamics simulations and the Green-Kubo formula. This algorithm can be applied to complex systems with long correlations, such as macromolecular and biological simulation systems.
Article
Polymer Science
Hao Pu, Yun-Lei Hou, Jing -Zhou Chen, Dong -Lin Zhao
Summary: The use of modified graphene improves the interfacial adherence of carbon fibers to epoxy resin, resulting in enhanced interfacial and bending properties of CF and matrix in CF/EP composites, as well as increased interlaminar shear strength and flexural strength.
Article
Polymer Science
Wei-Chung Ke, Jin-Wei Lin, Manohar Reddy Busireddy, Yueh-Hsing Lee, Jiun-Tai Chen, Chain-Shu Hsu
Summary: This study introduces a crosslinkable monomer, TAIC, to synthesize three crosslinked polyimide films, which exhibit improved thermal, mechanical, and dielectric properties. The introduction of TAIC enhances the tensile strength, reduces the dielectric constant and dielectric loss, and decreases the coefficient of thermal expansion of the polyimide films.
Article
Polymer Science
Alex Kwasi Kumi, Ruiling Fan, Ye Chen, Yumei Zhang
Summary: The difference in leaching of amylopectin from cellulose/amylopectin/1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Bmim][Cl]) blends during regeneration in water and aqueous ethanol has been studied. Molecular dynamics simulations showed that the dissolution and regeneration mechanisms of amylopectin in [Bmim][Cl] are similar to cellulose in ionic liquids. Water regeneration leads to weak electrostatic interactions, resulting in high leaching of amylopectin. In contrast, ethanol-water interactions enhance electrostatic interactions among amylopectin chains, limiting amylopectin leaching in aqueous ethanol.
Article
Polymer Science
Xi Zeng, Junwei Zhou, Junbiao Peng, Chunsheng Zhang, Danling Wang, Yihu Song, Qiang Zheng
Summary: This study utilizes an oligomer deep eutectic solvent (DES) based on polyethylene glycol to regulate the vulcanization kinetics of rubber. The results show that the DES can accelerate vulcanization at low temperatures without affecting the crosslinking density and Mullins effect.
Article
Polymer Science
Qianqian Yue, Yongfei Peng, Xingjian Liu, Aihua He, Huarong Nie
Summary: The addition of metal deactivators can effectively suppress the aging of TBIR, prolong its lifespan, and have no negative effects on its physical and processing properties. These research findings are of great importance for improving the stability and aging resistance of polymers.
Article
Polymer Science
J. Gomez-Caturla, J. Ivorra-Martinez, R. Tejada-Oliveros, V Moreno, D. Garcia-Garcia, R. Balart
Summary: This work focuses on the development of environmentally friendly PLA formulations by using different esters derived from geraniol as plasticizers. The results show that these esters have good compatibility with PLA, and they can effectively enhance the elongation and plasticity of PLA, reduce its glass transition temperature, and slightly improve its water absorption capabilities.
Article
Polymer Science
Dandan Li, Zhaohui Lu, Zhao Ke, Ke Xu, Fengna Dai, Youhai Yu, Guangtao Qian, Chunhai Chen
Summary: In this study, cross-linked PI aerogel membranes with low dielectric constant and high moisture resistance were prepared by co-polymerization and scraping coating technology. The incorporation of fluorinated blocks and benzimidazole ring structures resulted in novel PI aerogel membranes with fascinating dielectric properties and outstanding moisture resistance.
Article
Polymer Science
Zhaoyang Chu, Qing Zhang, Haihua Luo, Han Zhou, Fapei Zhang, Wei Chen, Wenhua Zhang
Summary: Multi-physical fields solution processing strategy is a universal and facile method for preparing various conjugated polymer films and high-performance devices. In this study, we employed a combined microfluidic flow and ultrasonication strategy (FU) for processing CP solutions, and found a pronounced synergetic effect in promoting the pre-ordering of chains in solution. The conformation order and anisotropy of the solution were revealed through various characterizations. A non-classical nucleation model for polymer crystallization in non-equilibrium solution processing was confirmed. The roles of microfluidic flow and ultrasonication in chain aggregation and crystallization were addressed through multi-physical simulations. Compared to pristine solutions, the FU strategy showed improved solution anisotropy and crystallization kinetics, resulting in higher crystallinity in films and increased mobilities in OFET devices. The FU processing strategy provides a universal approach for regulating chain conformation and aggregation in conjugated polymer solutions.
