Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tadahiro Numakawa, Haruki Odaka
Summary: Neurotrophins play crucial roles in supporting neuronal survival, synaptic plasticity, and neurogenesis in the nervous system. The decline of cognitive function with aging and/or pathological conditions is associated with alterations in BDNF/TrkB signaling. Upregulation of the endogenous BDNF/TrkB system may be a potential therapeutic approach for cognitive decline.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Ritsuko Inoue, Hiroshi Nishimune
Summary: Physiological aging leads to a decline in motor function, which is caused by impairment of motor cortex function, losses of motor neurons and neuromuscular junctions, sarcopenia, and frailty. Evidence suggests that the decline in motor function starts in the middle-aged stage and is related to the central nervous system. The plasticity of the motor cortex plays a crucial role in reversing the age-related decline in motor function.
Article
Neurosciences
Claudio de'Sperati, Marco Granato, Michela Moretti
Summary: This study investigated how motor slowing in older adults influences their perception of visual speed. The results revealed that older adults tended to underestimate the speed of videos compared to younger adults. The study also found that low motor speed was the key predictor of video speed underestimation.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Na Li, Guopeng Chen, Yong Xie, Zhongting Chen
Summary: This study found that older adults show a decline in visuomotor adaptation, which is not strongly correlated with chronological age increase but with the age-related declines of cognitive functions and speed of motor planning. The decline in cognitive resources mediated the effect of age increase on the decline in visuomotor adaptation, indicating that aging mainly reflects the age-related decline of cognitive functions, resulting in insufficient explicit processing on visual perturbation during visuomotor control.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ting Liu, Na Li, Zongjie Hou, Linsheng Liu, Lihong Gao, Lin Wang, Jiying Tan
Summary: Nutrition combined physical exercise interventions can improve global cognitive function in the aged with cognitive decline, but no statistical differences were found in specific cognitive domains. Further research is needed to clarify the effects of these interventions, particularly in older adults.
AGING CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Rui Zhou, Shufang Qian, William C. S. Cho, Jinyun Zhou, Chentao Jin, Yan Zhong, Jing Wang, Xiaohui Zhang, Zhoujiao Xu, Mei Tian, Lawrence W. C. Chan, Hong Zhang
Summary: Aging affects gut microbiota compositions, microglia, and cognition abilities, and is recognized as a risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases. The communication between gut microbiota and microglia plays a crucial role in age-related cognitive declines. This review discusses the changes in gut microbiota compositions, brain changes, especially morphology and functions of microglia, and highlights the role of microbiota-microglia connections in neurodegenerative diseases.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Aron S. Buchman, Tianhao Wang, Shahram Oveisgharan, Andrea R. Zammit, Sonal Agrawal, Lei Yu, David A. Bennett
Summary: Examining motor and cognitive decline in separate models may underestimate their associations. In a single trivariate model, the simultaneous rates of decline of all three phenotypes showed the strongest correlations with shared variance of up to 50%. Brain pathologies explained about 3% of the variance of declining daily physical activity, 9% of declining motor abilities, and 42% of cognitive decline.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Thomas T. Austin, Christian L. Thomas, Clifton Lewis, Alix Blockley, Ben Warren
Summary: One hypothesis for age-related hearing loss is a decrease in ear metabolism, but the direct measurements are lacking. Using locusts as a model, the study found that auditory organ metabolism decreases with age, but there is no correlation with sound-evoked nerve activity. Manipulating the metabolism of the auditory organ through diet and cold-rearing did not affect sound-evoked nerve activity. The study suggests that age-related hearing loss is dominated by accumulative damage in multiple cell types and processes, surpassing the impact of metabolic decline.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Suman Chowdhury, Gusheng Wu, Zi-Hua Lu, Ranjeet Kumar, Robert Ledeen
Summary: The study aimed to determine if the age-related decline in a-series gangliosides, specifically GM1, which is associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) in the brain, also occurs in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and other aspects of PD unrelated to the central nervous system (CNS). Previous research has shown a decline in a-series gangliosides in the brain of both humans and mice. This study found a substantial decrease in GM1 and GD1a in peripheral tissues of aging mice, along with worsened motor and cognitive dysfunction. The findings suggest that the decline in a-series gangliosides in peripheral tissues may contribute to non-CNS pathologies of PD.
Article
Neurosciences
Cortney M. Howard, Shivangi Jain, Angela D. Cook, Lauren E. Packard, Hollie A. Mullin, Nan-kuei Chen, Chunlei Liu, Allen W. Song, David J. Madden
Summary: Brain iron dyshomeostasis can disrupt cellular functions and aging-related iron accumulation may contribute to deficient neurotransmission and cell death. Studies suggest that brain iron levels may impact cognitive function and serve as an early indicator of neurodegenerative disease.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Zhenzhen Zhang, Changjiu He, Yu Gao, Lu Zhang, Yukun Song, Tianqi Zhu, Kuanfeng Zhu, Dongying Lv, Jing Wang, Xiuzhi Tian, Teng Ma, Pengyun Ji, Wei Cui, Guoshi Liu
Summary: The study found that the level of alpha-KG decreases with age, but long-term administration of alpha-KG can protect ovarian function and delay reproductive aging. This may be achieved by inhibiting ATP synthase and altering energy metabolism, thus maintaining the nutritional sensors and mTOR pathway.
Review
Cell Biology
Tibor Hortobagyi, Tomas Vetrovsky, Guilherme Moraes Balbim, Narlon Cassio Boa Sorte Silva, Andrea Manca, Franca Deriu, Mia Kolmos, Christina Kruuse, Teresa Liu-Ambrose, Zsolt Radak, Mark Vaczi, Hanna Johansson, Paulo Cezar Rocha dos Santos, Erika Franzen, Urs Granacher
Summary: This article investigates the effects of low- vs. high-intensity exercise on neuroplasticity, motor and cognitive function in different populations. The results suggest that exercise intensity is positively correlated with neuroplasticity in healthy young individuals, but not necessarily in healthy older adults and neurological patients. Additionally, improvements in neuroplasticity induced by exercise are associated with changes in motor outcomes, but not cognitive outcomes.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Janine Vieweg, Stefan Panzer, Sabine Schaefer
Summary: Aging leads to decrements in sensory, cognitive functioning, and motor performance. Wearing an age simulation suit does not affect motor sequence learning and cognitive speed tasks in younger adults, but it does impair far visual acuity. Younger adults perform better in motor sequence learning compared to older adults. Cognitive aging partially explains the variance in age-related motor learning deficits in older adults.
HUMAN MOVEMENT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tracy A. Bedrosian, Judith Houtman, Juan Sebastian Eguiguren, Saeed Ghassemzadeh, Nicole Rund, Nicole M. Novaresi, Lauren Hu, Sarah L. Parylak, Ahmet M. Denli, Lynne Randolph-Moore, Takashi Namba, Fred H. Gage, Tomohisa Toda
Summary: The age-dependent decline of lamin B1 in adult neural stem/progenitor cells is associated with alterations in adult hippocampal neurogenesis and anxiety-like behavior in mice, indicating a role in stem cell aging and mood regulation.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Weixin Li, Kun-Woo Rafael Kim, Donglan Zhang, Bian Liu, Christine M. Dengler-Crish, Ming Wen, Lu Shi, Xi Pan, Yian Gu, Yan Li
Summary: This study aimed to summarize evidence on the cost-effectiveness of physical activity interventions to prevent and manage cognitive decline and dementia. The findings suggest that physical activity interventions can be cost-effective in individuals without dementia, but the results are mixed for individuals with existing dementia.
ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ana Jorge-Finnigan, Rune Kleppe, Kunwar Jung-KC, Ming Ying, Michael Marie, Ivan Rios-Mondragon, Michael F. Salvatore, Jaakko Saraste, Aurora Martinez
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2017)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tanya Chotibut, Samantha Meadows, Ella A. Kasanga, Tamara McInnis, Mark A. Cantu, Christopher Bishop, Michael F. Salvatore
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2017)
Article
Neurosciences
Jaakko Kopra, Marian Villarta-Aguilera, Mari Savolainen, Samo Weingerl, Timo T. Myohanen, Saara Rannanpaa, Michael E. Salvatore, Jaan-Olle Andressoo, T. Petteri Piepponen
Article
Neurosciences
Michael F. Salvatore, Vicki A. Nejtek, Habibeh Khoshbouei
Review
Neurosciences
M. E. Johnson, M. F. Salvatore, S. A. Maiolo, L. Bobrovskaya
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Neurosciences
Michael F. Salvatore, Tamara R. McInnis, Mark A. Cantu, Deana M. Apple, Brandon S. Pruett
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Biophysics
Evan V. Papa, Odessa Addison, K. Bo Foreman, Leland E. Dibble
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Madeline J. Churchill, Mark A. Cantu, Ella A. Kasanga, Cindy Moore, Michael F. Salvatore, Charles K. Meshul
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ella A. Kasanga, Catherine L. Owens, Mark A. Cantu, Adam D. Richard, Richard W. Davis, Lisa M. McDivitt, Blake Blancher, Brandon S. Pruett, Christopher Tan, Austin Gajewski, Fredric P. Manfredsson, Vicki A. Nejtek, Michael F. Salvatore
ACS CHEMICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2019)
Review
Neurosciences
Michael F. Salvatore, Isabel Soto, Helene Alphonso, Rebecca Cunningham, Rachael James, Vicki A. Nejtek
Summary: Research suggests that individuals with Parkinson's disease may experience deficits in executive functioning early in the disease process, prior to motor decline. The use of the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) to evaluate executive functioning in non-strategic decision-making could help identify PD pathology and detect the disease in its premotor stages.
JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Evan Papa, Rita M. Patterson, Nicoleta Bugnariu
Summary: The study found that in persons with PD, postural control is weakened under performance fatigue, leading to a stiffening strategy in response to backward falls. This postural stiffening is common in persons with PD and may be a risk factor for falls. Older individuals with PD also demonstrate slower mobility scores and decreased reaction times in the setting of fatigue, suggesting a combined effect of aging and fatigue processes.
NEUROREHABILITATION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Vicki A. Nejtek, Rachael N. James, Michael F. Salvatore, Helene M. Alphonso, Gary W. Boehm
Summary: Identifying specific cognitive domains associated with mTBI in veterans can help predict the risk of developing PD or other neurodegenerative diseases. This study found subtle cognitive decline in specific domains among veterans with mTBI, which may lead to continual cognitive decline and onset of PD.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ella A. Kasanga, Joel Little, Tamara R. McInnis, Nicoleta Bugnariu, J. Thomas Cunningham, Michael F. Salvatore
Summary: Regular and moderate intensity exercise can help mitigate aging-related motor impairments, and a suitable exercise regimen can prevent the onset of Parkinsonian signs in older adults.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Michael F. Salvatore, Ella A. Kasanga, D. Parker Kelley, Katy E. Venable, Tamara R. McInnis, Mark A. Cantu, Jennifer Terrebonne, Kathryn Lanza, Samantha M. Meadows, Ashley Centner, Christopher Bishop, Donald K. Ingram
Summary: This study investigates the contributions of nigral and striatal dopamine mechanisms to aging-related parkinsonian signs. Calorie restriction can alleviate parkinsonian signs, and this effect can be maintained in advanced age. Moreover, changes in nigral dopamine signaling may modulate certain parameters of locomotor activity autonomously from striatal dopamine signaling.
Article
Neurosciences
Michael F. Salvatore, Isabel Soto, Ella A. Kasanga, Rachael James, Marla K. Shifflet, Kirby Doshier, Joel T. Little, Joshia John, Helene M. Alphonso, J. Thomas Cunningham, Vicki A. Nejtek
Summary: By studying cardiovascular parameters in Parkinson's disease patients and rat models, we can evaluate the impact of aerobic exercise on specific motor or cognitive functions. A moderate intensity exercise regimen is suitable for early-stage Parkinson's disease patients.
JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE
(2022)