Article
Engineering, Chemical
Md. M. Rahman, Ming Zhao, S. Mohammad Islam, Kejun Dong, C. Suvash Saha
Summary: This study investigated the deposition of inhaled aerosol particles in the lungs of people aged 50-70, using computational fluid dynamics. It was found that particle size and age can both impact the deposition location and quantity of particles in the lungs.
ADVANCED POWDER TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Rebekka F. Thudium, Andreas D. Knudsen, Jakob Hjorth Von Stemann, Malene Hove-Skovsgaard, Hedda Hoel, Amanda Mocroft, Joanne Reekie, Andreas Ronit, Jan Gerstoft, Jorgen Vestbo, Marius Troseid, Alvaro H. Borges, Sisse R. Ostrowski, Susanne D. Nielsen
Summary: This study compared cytokine concentrations in people with HIV and uninfected controls, finding that elevated IL-6 levels in HIV-infected individuals were independently associated with low lung function and airflow limitation. The association between IL-6 and lung function was modified by smoking status.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Ming Ding, Jing Ning, Xiuyan Liu, Runze Mi, Yan Cai
Summary: This study proposes an aerodynamics-based assessment method for quantitative functional evaluation of patients with tracheobronchial stenosis. By using computational fluid dynamics analysis on synthetic and patient-specific airway models, the effects of stenotic anatomy on aerodynamic parameters are investigated. The results show that tracheal stenosis significantly influences the resistance of peripheral bronchi, especially for patients with severe stenosis.
COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Lin Tian, Jingliang Dong, Yidan Shang, Jiyuan Tu
Summary: Nonhuman primates serve as valuable laboratory models for biomedical research due to their similarity to humans in morphology and physiological functions. This study compared the nasal airway of humans and cynomolgus monkeys, revealing the potential of cynomolgus monkeys as a good surrogate for human nasal inhalation studies, but caution should be exercised when extrapolating data between species due to subtle differences.
COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
M. Baity-Jesi, E. Calore, A. Cruz, L. A. Fernandez, J. M. Gil-Narvion, I. Gonzalez-Adalid Pemartin, A. Gordillo-Guerrero, D. Iniguez, A. Maiorano, E. Marinari, V. Martin-Mayor, J. Moreno-Gordo, A. Munoz Sudupe, D. Navarro, I. Paga, G. Parisi, S. Perez-Gaviro, F. Ricci-Tersenghi, J. J. Ruiz-Lorenzo, S. F. Schifano, B. Seoane, A. Tarancon, D. Yllanes
Summary: Memory and rejuvenation effects in off-equilibrium spin glasses have been regarded as a gateway to experimental exploration of ultrametricity and temperature chaos. However, simulating these effects has been difficult until recent advancements in computing power and understanding of length scales in aging dynamics of spin glasses. A numerical study has shown that at least three different length scales play a crucial role in aging dynamics, challenging previous theories that focused on a single glassy correlation length.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mike Walker
Summary: As the largest organ, the skin plays a crucial role in protecting the body and regulating various functions. However, aging and environmental factors contribute to the deterioration of the skin, leading to various issues and imposing a significant burden on individuals and the healthcare system.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Igor A. Butovich, Tomo Suzuki
Summary: The study found that chronological aging itself seems to have only minor effect on meibogenesis in healthy, non-MGD/non-DE subjects.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kewal Asosingh, Matthew Frimel, Violetta Zlojutro, Dillon Grant, Olivia Stephens, David Wenger, Andreas Fouras, Frank DiFilippo, Serpil Erzurum
Summary: The current standard for evaluating lung function in murine models is not able to provide information on regional heterogeneity in function. This study describes a novel technique using dynamic quantitative imaging to visualize and quantify regional airflow in the lungs, which has the potential to provide a more precise understanding of lung function changes in genetic models of asthma.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Ziyue Wang, Liansheng Liu, Runze Duan, Liang Tian
Summary: This study examines the dynamic behaviors of soap bubbles exposed to continuous airflow and explores the aerobreakup mechanisms. The results show that the deformation and breakup of the bubbles increase with the intensity of airflow.
Article
Mechanics
Hao Jing, Haiwen Ge, Li Wang, Qizhi Zhou, Liang Chen, Sanghun Choi, Xinguang Cui
Summary: Studying airflow characteristics in the human respiratory system is crucial for understanding aerosol transport and deposition. This study utilized a whole-lung airway model to investigate airflow fields and flow unsteadiness. The findings reveal that secondary flow and airflow unsteadiness in the thin bronchial airway are stronger than previously reported, emphasizing the importance of further research in this area using suitable models.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Silvia Sancilio, Sara Nobilio, Antonio Giulio Ruggiero, Ester Sara Di Filippo, Gianmarco Stati, Stefania Fulle, Rosa Grazia Bellomo, Raoul Saggini, Roberta Di Pietro
Summary: This study demonstrates for the first time the direct effects of mechanical vibrations on human satellite cells. These effects vary between young and aged samples, with cells from young subjects exhibiting a proliferative response and cells from aged subjects exhibiting a differentiative response.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sarah T. Stahl, Helene M. Altmann, Mary Amanda Dew, Steven M. Albert, Meryl Butters, Ariel Gildengers, Charles F. Reynolds, Jordan F. Karp
Summary: Evaluating both gait and psychomotor speed in older adults with medical comorbidities and sub-syndromal depression may predict incident mental illness and inform prevention planning. Further research is needed to validate these findings and explore shared neurobiological mechanisms that explain the increased risk.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Montserrat Vega, David Castillo, Laura de Cubas, Yirong Wang, Ying Huang, Elena Hidalgo, Margarita Cabrera
Summary: In this study, a genome-wide screening of the deletion mutant collection of fission yeast was conducted, and four mutants associated with mitochondrial proteolysis that exhibit opposite effects on lifespan were identified. The analysis revealed a positive correlation between increased respiration rate and prolonged lifespan, and it was found that the longevity of the mutants depended on mitophagy induction.
Article
Computer Science, Cybernetics
Ziyang Zhao, Lirong Teng, Tongtong Li, Yin Wang, Lingyu Zhang, Xia Liu, Rui Xie, Jing Yang, Zhijun Yao
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of age on information transmission in brain networks. By analyzing resting-state fMRI data from the Cam-CAN lifespan dataset, researchers found that the reliability of node structures has an impact on information processing and that different functional systems show different patterns of change. This study provides an additional perspective for understanding the neuro-mechanisms of healthy aging.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL SOCIAL SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Muhammad Usman Sadiq, Stephanie Langella, Kelly S. Giovanello, Peter J. Mucha, Eran Dayan
Summary: Functional network redundancy shows a significant association with age over the human lifespan, with a stronger link than other major topological measures. The accumulation of redundancy in midlife followed by a decline in old age mediates the association between age and executive function, suggesting that functional redundancy plays a role in mitigating the effects of age on cognition.