Article
Criminology & Penology
Jason M. Chin, Justin T. Pickett, Simine Vazire, Alex O. Holcombe
Summary: This study examines the prevalence of questionable research practices (QRPs) and open science practices (OSPs) in criminology, and explores researchers' opinions on these practices. The results show that both QRPs and OSPs are common in quantitative criminology, with researchers being more supportive of OSPs. Methodological training does not seem to be associated with the use of either QRPs or OSPs. The study also highlights the need for further reforms to reduce QRP use and promote the use of OSPs in order to improve the validity and reproducibility of criminological research.
JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE CRIMINOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Biochemical Research Methods
Julian Matschinske, Nicolas Alcaraz, Arriel Benis, Martin Golebiewski, Dominik G. Grimm, Lukas Heumos, Tim Kacprowski, Olga Lazareva, Markus List, Zakaria Louadi, Josch K. Pauling, Nico Pfeifer, Richard Roettger, Veit Schwaemmle, Gregor Sturm, Alberto Traverso, Kristel Van Steen, Martiela Vaz de Freitas, Gerda Cristal Villalba Silva, Leonard Wee, Nina K. Wenke, Massimiliano Zanin, Olga Zolotareva, Jan Baumbach, David B. Blumenthal
Summary: The AIMe registry is a community-driven reporting platform for AI in biomedicine, aiming to improve the accessibility, reproducibility, and usability of biomedical AI models, and allowing future revisions by the community.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Krisztian Iszak, Simon Mathies Gronemann, Stefanie Meyer, Alexander Hunold, Jana Zschuntzsch, Mathias Baehr, Walter Paulus, Andrea Antal
Summary: Temporal interference stimulation (TIS) aims to target deep brain areas during tACS by generating interference fields. Direct experimental evidence for its utility in humans is lacking. This study compared different structures and found evidence for stimulation efficacy on the modulated frequency in the peripheral nervous system (PNS), but not in the central nervous system (CNS). Possible reasons for the lack of activation in CNS targets include higher activation thresholds or inhibitory stimulation components interfering with the effects of the modulated signal.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Azza E. Ahmed, Joshua M. Allen, Tajesvi Bhat, Prakruthi Burra, Christina E. Fliege, Steven N. Hart, Jacob R. Heldenbrand, Matthew E. Hudson, Dave Deandre Istanto, Michael T. Kalmbach, Gregory D. Kapraun, Katherine Kendig, Matthew Charles Kendzior, Eric W. Klee, Nate Mattson, Christian A. Ross, Sami M. Sharif, Ramshankar Venkatakrishnan, Faisal M. Fadlelmola, Liudmila S. Mainzer
Summary: Genomics research and clinical practice require computational pipelines to efficiently handle complex analysis stages and large volumes of data. This study evaluates the key features of popular bioinformatics WfMSs such as Nextflow, CWL, WDL, and Swift/T, comparing their language expressiveness, modularity, scalability, robustness, reproducibility, interoperability, and ease of development for different computing environments. The choice of a WfMS depends on intrinsic language and engine features, as well as collaborations, adoption within consortia, and technical support. Evolution of WfMSs will continue to meet evolving community needs and computational infrastructure, with innovations focusing on big data technologies, interoperability, and provenance.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Matthew C. Makel, Jaret Hodges, Bryan G. Cook, Jonathan A. Plucker
Summary: The study found that many education researchers use both questionable and open research practices, providing baseline information for them to understand existing social norms and consider how to improve research practices.
EDUCATIONAL RESEARCHER
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Michael O'Donnell, Amelia S. Dev, Stephen Antonoplis, Stephen M. Baum, Arianna H. Benedetti, N. Derek Brown, Belinda Carrillo, Andrew L. Choi, Paul Connor, Kristin Donnelly, Monica E. Ellwood-Lowe, Ruthe Foushee, Rachel Jansen, Shoshana N. Jarvis, Ryan Lundell-Creagh, Joseph M. Ocampo, Gold N. Okafor, Zahra Rahmani Azad, Michael Rosenblum, Derek Schatz, Daniel H. Stein, Yilu Wang, Don A. Moore, Leif D. Nelson
Summary: Empirical audit and review is a method for assessing the evidentiary value in a research area, allowing researchers to integrate qualitative and quantitative approaches while enhancing scientific accumulation in the field.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Review
Computer Science, Information Systems
Peter Kedron, Wenwen Li, Stewart Fotheringham, Michael Goodchild
Summary: The ability to reproduce and replicate research results, a cornerstone of the scientific method, has gained widespread attention and led to innovations. Geospatial researchers can learn and contribute from practices developed in other disciplines to enhance the reproducibility and replicability of research in their field.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Communication
Bert N. Bakker, Kokil Jaidka, Timothy Dorr, Neil Fasching, Yphtach Lelkes
Summary: Recent contributions have raised doubts about the credibility of quantitative communication research. While questionable research practices (QRPs) are believed to be prevalent, researchers generally reject them but still believe they are commonly used. On the other hand, there is optimism about adopting open science practices. These findings have implications for communication theories and suggest a forward agenda for the discipline.
JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Martin Schweinsberg, Stefan Thau, Madan Pillutla
Summary: The current validity frameworks overlook the truthfulness of empirical inferences in research problem statements. The study suggests that documenting the literature search and quantifying the search results can enhance judgment precision and transparency.
PERSPECTIVES ON PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Randall J. Ellis
Summary: Replicability, the ability of scientific findings to be repeated in distinct data sets, has been found to be lacking in recent years across various scientific fields due to questionable research practices, misunderstanding of p-values, and low statistical power. Addressing these issues requires collaboration among researchers, funding sources, and others, with changing academic incentives and adoption of registered reports being crucial solutions.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Anna Ostropolets, Yasser Albogami, Mitchell Conover, Juan M. Banda, William A. Baumgartner Jr, Clair Blacketer, Priyamvada Desai, Scott L. DuVall, Stephen Fortin, James P. Gilbert, Asieh Golozar, Joshua Ide, Andrew S. Kanter, David M. Kern, Chungsoo Kim, Lana Y. H. Lai, Chenyu Li, Feifan Liu, Kristine E. Lynch, Evan Minty, Maria Ines Neves, Ding Quan Ng, Tontel Obene, Victor Pera, Nicole Pratt, Gowtham Rao, Nadav Rappoport, Ines Reinecke, Paola Saroufim, Azza Shoaibi, Katherine Simon, Marc A. Suchard, Joel N. Swerdel, Erica A. Voss, James Weaver, Linying Zhang, George Hripcsak, Patrick B. Ryan
Summary: Objective observational studies should be robust and reproducible, but nonreproducibility is often caused by unclear reporting. This study aimed to assess how different interpretations of study logic can impact patient characteristics.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Software Engineering
Christopher S. Timperley, Lauren Herckis, Claire Le Goues, Michael Hilton
Summary: This study investigates the current status and challenges of artifacts in software engineering research, identifying key issues affecting their quality through analyzing perspectives of different groups. Using the Diffusion of Innovations theory, the study examines the relationships between these challenges and offers recommendations to enhance the quality of artifacts based on the results obtained.
EMPIRICAL SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Riana Minocher, Silke Atmaca, Claudia Bavero, Richard McElreath, Bret Beheim
Summary: The research shows that there are issues with data availability and reproducibility in social learning literature, with data recovery decreasing exponentially with time. When data is recoverable, there is a high probability of obtaining usable data and the reproduced results align with the published findings.
ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Birgit Frauscher, Fabrice Bartolomei, Maxime O. Baud, Rachel J. Smith, Greg Worrell, Brian N. Lundstrom
Summary: Direct cortical stimulation has a long history in epilepsy treatment and is currently experiencing a resurgence due to its potential to probe and manipulate the human brain. It has been found to have diagnostic and therapeutic benefits for drug-resistant epilepsy patients, but choosing the right stimulation parameters is challenging due to the complex nature of epilepsy.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Stan Ahalt, Paul Avillach, Rebecca Boyles, Kira Bradford, Steven Cox, Brandi Davis-Dusenbery, Robert L. Grossman, Ashok Krishnamurthy, Alisa Manning, Benedict Paten, Anthony Philippakis, Ingrid Borecki, Shu Hui Chen, Jon Kaltman, Sweta Ladwa, Chip Schwartz, Alastair Thomson, Sarah Davis, Alison Leaf, Jessica Lyons, Elizabeth Sheets, Joshua C. Bis, Matthew Conomos, Alessandro Culotti, Thomas Desain, Jack Digiovanna, Milan Domazet, Stephanie Gogarten, Alba Gutierrez-Sacristan, Tim Harris, Ben Heavner, Deepti Jain, Brian O'Connor, Kevin Osborn, Danielle Pillion, Jacob Pleiness, Ken Rice, Garrett Rupp, Arnaud Serret-Larmande, Albert Smith, Jason P. Stedman, Adrienne Stilp, Teresa Barsanti, John Cheadle, Christopher Erdmann, Brandy Farlow, Allie Gartland-Gray, Julie Hayes, Hannah Hiles, Paul Kerr, Chris Lenhardt, Tom Madden, Joanna O. Mieczkowska, Amanda Miller, Patrick Patton, Marcie Rathbun, Stephanie Suber, Joe Asare
Summary: The NHLBI BioData Catalyst (BDC) is a community-driven ecosystem developed by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. It provides researchers with access to large-scale datasets and computational resources for precision medicine research. The BDC offers secure, cloud-based workspaces, authentication and authorization systems, search functionalities, tools and workflows, and innovative features to meet the needs of the research community. It has also played a significant role in accelerating research on the COVID-19 pandemic.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Letter
Physiology
Martin E. Heroux, Annie A. Butler, Lucy S. Robertson, Georgia Fisher, Jean-Sebastien Blouin, Joanna Diong, Carmen Krewer, Francois Tremblay, Simon C. Gandevia
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Lewis A. Ingram, Annie A. Butler, Stephen R. Lord, Simon C. Gandevia
Summary: Profiling performance in the physiological domains underpinning upper limb function provides insight into an individual's specific impairments. A battery of tests were used to create a core upper limb physiological profile assessment (PPA). Individual performance in each test can be compared to a reference population score, and a composite score provides an overview of overall upper limb function.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Eduardo Martinez-Valdes, Roger M. Enoka, Ales Holobar, Kevin McGill, Dario Farina, Manuela Besomi, Francois Hug, Deborah Falla, Richard G. Carson, Edward A. Clancy, Catherine Disselhorst-Klug, Jaap H. van Dieen, Kylie Tucker, Simon Gandevia, Madeleine Lowery, Karen Sogaard, Thor Besier, Roberto Merletti, Matthew C. Kiernan, John C. Rothwell, Eric Perreault, Paul W. Hodges
Summary: The analysis of single motor unit (SMU) activity is crucial for understanding the neural strategies controlling muscle force. Traditionally, this analysis has been done invasively through intramuscular electromyography (EMG), but recent advances in signal processing techniques have enabled the identification of SMU activity in high-density surface electromyography (HDsEMG) recordings.
JOURNAL OF ELECTROMYOGRAPHY AND KINESIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Gabrielle Todd, Caroline D. Rae, Janet L. Taylor, Nigel C. Rogasch, Jane E. Butler, Michael Hayes, Robert A. Wilcox, Simon C. Gandevia, Karl Aoun, Adrian Esterman, Simon J. G. Lewis, Julie M. Hall, Elie Matar, Jana Godau, Daniela Berg, Christian Plewnia, Anna-Katharina Von Thaler, Clarence Chiang, Kay L. Double
Summary: Research has found that increased thickness of the substantia nigra in healthy older adults may be associated with changes in excitability of motor cortical circuitry. This finding has important implications for understanding brain changes in healthy older adults at risk of Parkinson's disease.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
(2023)
Letter
Neurosciences
Markus Amann, Simranjit Sidhu, Chris McNeil, Simon Gandevia
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Annie A. Butler, Joanna Diong, Kajsa Lidman, Johanna Adler, Daniel L. Wardman, Simon C. Gandevia, Martin E. Heroux
Summary: This study aimed to quantify the severity of proprioceptive deficits in people with essential tremor (ET) and estimate how these contribute to functional impairments. Results showed that upper limb function but not proprioception was impaired in ET, indicating that the central nervous system of people with ET is able to accommodate mild to moderate tremor in active proprioceptive tasks.
TREMOR AND OTHER HYPERKINETIC MOVEMENTS
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Steven Phu, Michela Persiani, Brandon Tan, Matthew Brodie, Simon Gandevia, Daina L. Sturnieks, Stephen R. Lord
Summary: This study examined the effects of optic flow stimuli presented in different directions on postural stability in young and older adults. The results showed that optic flow stimuli increased postural sway and muscle activity, with a greater impact on older adults, particularly in the mediolateral plane for those at high risk of falls.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Ricardo N. O. Mesquita, Christopher Latella, Cassio V. Ruas, Kazunori Nosaka, Janet L. Taylor
Summary: The study compared different formulas used to estimate muscle contraction velocity (Vc) assessed by tensiomyography. The reliability, required minimum number of trials, proportional bias, and effects of joint angle were investigated. The results showed that formulas 1 (0-2 mm of displacement) and 5 (normalized to 10-90% of maximal displacement) had higher reliability. A minimum of 6-7 trials was required for reliable estimates. The study also found that Vc was faster at shorter muscle lengths for all formulas except formula 5. Different formulas should not be used interchangeably and more precise nomenclature is needed to describe the information obtained from each formula.
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Harrison T. T. Finn, Elizabeth A. A. Bye, Thomas G. G. Elphick, Claire L. L. Boswell-Ruys, Simon C. C. Gandevia, Jane E. E. Butler, Martin E. E. Heroux
Summary: This study investigates the effects of stimulation configuration on the intensity required to elicit motor responses in lower limb muscles, both for non-SCI participants and those with SCI. The results show that the L1-midline configuration has lower threshold intensities and may be preferred for therapeutic use. Additionally, trains of stimulation have slightly lower thresholds compared to single pulses, but tolerance to the stimulation will also play a role in therapeutic effectiveness.
PHYSIOLOGICAL REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Ricardo N. O. Mesquita, Janet L. Taylor, Gabriel S. Trajano, Ales Holobar, Basilio A. M. Goncalves, Anthony J. Blazevich
Summary: The study aimed to investigate whether jaw clenching and mental stress facilitate the activation of persistent inward currents (PICs) in human motoneurons. The results showed that PIC activation significantly increased during jaw clenching and in some cases of mental stress.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Markus Amann, Simranjit K. Sidhu, Chris J. McNeil, Simon C. Gandevia
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Correction
Physiology
B. L. Luu, R. H. C. Lewis, S. C. Gandevia, C. L. Boswell-Ruys, J. E. Butler
Summary: This study examined the sensations of breathing after tetraplegia. The findings showed that individuals with chronic tetraplegia had a higher detection threshold for added resistance during inspiration compared to able-bodied controls. However, both groups perceived larger loads as more effortful, with perception related to maximal inspiratory muscle force rather than absolute force.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Lauriane Juge, Angela Liao, Jade Yeung, Fiona L. Knapman, Christopher Bull, Peter G. R. Burke, Elizabeth C. Brown, Simon C. Gandevia, Danny J. Eckert, Jane E. Butler, Lynne E. Bilston
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between inspiratory tongue dilatory movement and genioglossus muscle activity in individuals with and without obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). The results showed that tongue movement cannot be predicted by genioglossus electromyography (EMG), especially in OSA patients, suggesting the involvement of other airway dilator muscles in tongue movement.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)