Article
Electrochemistry
Antonio Domenech-Carbo, Marianne Moedlinger, Laura Osete-Cortina, Maria Teresa Domenech-Carbo
Summary: The article describes a multiple-scan voltammetry strategy applied to a set of Bronze Age and later copper/bronze objects mainly from sites in Central Europe. This methodology allows the study of the compositional and textural properties of the patina and can discriminate samples of different provenance and manufacturing technique.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Steven E. Falconer, Elizabeth Ridder, Suzanne E. Pilaar Birch, Patricia L. Fall
Summary: Politiko-Troullia has produced the largest radiocarbon dataset from a Prehistoric Bronze Age settlement on Cyprus. By analyzing 25 calibrated AMS ages, a comprehensive C-14 chronology for Prehistoric Bronze Age Cyprus has been established. The study reveals the occupation of Troullia between approximately 2050 and 1850 cal BCE, contradicting previous estimations based on pottery analysis. Moreover, it provides rare evidence for a major architectural transition during the transition from Prehistoric Bronze Age 1 to 2, potentially influenced by regional precipitation.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Johanna Regev, Yuval Gadot, Helena Roth, Joe Uziel, Ortal Chalaf, Doron Ben-Ami, Eugenia Mintz, Lior Regev, Elisabetta Boaretto
Summary: The results of radiocarbon (C-14) dating of Middle Bronze Age contexts in Jerusalem reveal that the city was initially settled in the early 19th century BC, with public architecture developing subsequently. A brief gap in settlement is noted in the early 16th century BC before the site was resettled, continuing until the early 15th century BC.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Andrey Epimakhov, Elya Zazovskaya, Irina Alaeva
Summary: This research contributes to our understanding of the chronology of Bronze Age cultures in the Southern Urals by verifying previous conclusions, expanding date series, and creating reference series for modeling. Reliable samples were used for radiocarbon dating, resulting in new reliable dates that align with previous accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dates. The study also revealed the relationship between Alakul and Fedorovka cultures and the extended dates for the Final Bronze Age. Bayesian modeling provided intervals for the history of the Sintashta II settlement, including the Sintashta culture (2004-1852 calBC) and the Final Bronze Age (1410-1170 calBC).
Article
Behavioral Sciences
William H. Gendron, Emre Fertan, Stephanie Pelletier, Kyle M. Roddick, Timothy P. O'Leary, Younes Anini, Richard E. Brown
Summary: In addition to cognitive decline, patients with Alzheimer's disease may exhibit sensory, motor, and neuropsychiatric deficits, as well as weight loss. The 5xFAD mouse model has been found to show age-related weight loss compared to wildtype controls, suggesting potential metabolic dysfunction.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Patricia L. Fall, Elizabeth Ridder, Suzanne E. Pilaar Birch, Steven E. Falconer
Summary: Analysis of calibrated accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon ages at Zahrat adh-Dhra' 1 in Jordan provides a chronology for the habitation of this unique peripheral settlement during the Middle Bronze Age. Bayesian modeling divides the occupation into three phases, shedding light on regional social and settlement dynamics.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marta Cintas-Pena, Miriam Lucianez-Trivino, Raquel Montero Artus, Andrea Bileck, Patricia Bortel, Fabian Kanz, Katharina Rebay-Salisbury, Leonardo Garcia Sanjuan
Summary: Archaeologists use new scientific methods to analyze sexually dimorphic amelogenin peptides in tooth enamel and find that the most socially prominent person in the Iberian Copper Age was a female, challenging traditional views about women's political role in early complex societies. This study also anticipates the potential changes that newly developed scientific methods may bring to prehistoric archaeology and the study of human social evolution.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Cari Nicholas, Sarah Darmon, Pasquale Patrizio, David F. Albertini, David H. Barad, Norbert Gleicher
Summary: In current IVF practice, M2 oocytes are considered most efficient in producing good quality embryos. However, our preliminary evidence shows that as age advances, the maturity grades of oocytes significantly change in their ability to produce good quality embryos. This contradicts the widely accepted belief that oocyte grades do not functionally change with age, suggesting potential changes to IVF practice.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jinwei Fang, Ying Shi, Hui Zhou, Hanming Chen, Qingchen Zhang, Ning Wang
Summary: This paper proposes a high-precision elastic reverse-time migration (ERTM) method based on high-order accuracy wavefields and vector-based imaging conditions, which can improve the accuracy and simulation effect of ERTM imaging. Experimental results show that this method can generate high-quality ERTM images and improve imaging locations and quality.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Cesar Hernandez-Aguayo, Volker Springel, Rudiger Pakmor, Monica Barrera, Fulvio Ferlito, Simon D. M. White, Lars Hernquist, Boryana Hadzhiyska, Ana Maria Delgado, Rahul Kannan, Sownak Bose, Carlos Frenk
Summary: Cosmological inference with large galaxy surveys requires efficient and accurate theoretical models that can incorporate precise predictions for large-scale structure and flexible galaxy formation modeling. The MILLENNIUMTNG project combines hydrodynamical galaxy formation models with large-scale simulations, allowing for the construction and calibration of semi-analytic models. These simulations also provide insights into non-linear clustering, matter and halo statistics, and the impact of baryonic physics.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Guillaume Siron, Kohei Fukuda, Makoto Kimura, Noriko T. Kita
Summary: In this study, the formation timing of chondrules in ordinary chondrites was investigated through high precision Al-Mg chronology and detailed petrology and oxygen isotope analysis. The results indicate that chondrules in ordinary chondrites have a formation age range of approximately 1.8 Ma to 2.2 Ma, and there is no significant difference in the formation timing between L and LL chondrites. These findings provide important insights into the environments and processes involved in the formation of ordinary chondrite chondrules.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nicola Ialongo, Raphael Hermann, Lorenz Rahmstorf
Summary: The diffusion of weighing technology can be attributed to merchants' interaction and the formation of primary weight systems is the result of random propagation of error constrained by market self-regulation. The statistical errors of early units between Mesopotamia and Europe overlap significantly and simulation results are consistent with observed distribution of weight units. The creation of the earliest weight systems is not believed to have involved significant intervention by political authorities, highlighting the role of individual commercial initiatives in the formation of the first integrated market in Western Eurasia.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Acoustics
Miad Al Mursaline, Timothy K. Stanton, Andone C. Lavery, Erin M. Fischell
Summary: A theoretical model is proposed to predict the scattered acoustic field of an elastic cylinder that is partially insonified by a directional transceiver. The model takes into account the spherical spreading and directivity of the incident waves and extends the formulation used in a previous article to include effects of oblique insonification and axial propagating guided wave resonances. The model is compared with numerical simulations and laboratory data, demonstrating the realistic effects associated with scattering from elastic cylinders insonified by a directional transceiver.
JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jianguang Han, Bingluo Gu, Guanghui Zhu, Zhiwei Liu
Summary: This study focuses on the imaging method of 3D seismic data in coalfields. Aiming at the problem that traditional methods cannot meet the high-precision requirements, a efficient and high-precision 3D reverse time migration method is proposed, which can accurately image small faults in coal seams. Numerical tests and real coalfield data tests verify the accuracy and practicability of this method.
Article
Anthropology
Yiu-Kang Hsu, Rebecca O'Sullivan, Haichao Li
Summary: This study uses lead isotope data to explore spatial-temporal changes in metal supply during the Zhou dynasty, revealing a shift from centralized control over metal resources in the early Western Zhou to regional powers in the mid-Western Zhou. These findings are significant for understanding Zhou politics and economy, as well as relationships with neighboring communities.
ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND ANTHROPOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Anthropology
Tibor-Tamas Daroczi, Marietta Csanyi, Judit Tarnoki, Fanni Nagy, Jesper Olsen
Summary: The multi-stratified site of Turkeve-Terehalom provides valuable insights into the Middle Bronze Age in the Eastern Carpathian Basin. Through meticulous excavation and linking of stratified finds, particularly pottery, a new chronological model has been established. This challenges existing views on Bronze Age structures, destruction patterns, and continental networking during the Middle Bronze Age.
PRAEHISTORISCHE ZEITSCHRIFT
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elisa Duranti, Chiara Villa
Summary: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive loss of motor neurons (MNs) in the brain and spinal cord. The aggregation and accumulation of ubiquitinated protein inclusions in degenerating MNs are key pathological features of ALS. Recent research has provided insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying protein aggregate accumulation in ALS, which may aid in the development of therapeutic strategies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Anthropology
Timothy Earle, Jens-Henrik Bech, Chiara Villa
Summary: This article examines the development of amber collection and working, as well as the effects of international exchange on local communities in Northern Europe, through two recent amber finds in Northern Jutland, Denmark.
Article
Archaeology
Jacob Kveiborg, Jesper Olsen
Summary: This study applies targeted radiocarbon dating to investigate animal bone depositions in Danish wetland sites during the early Iron Age. The results reveal a highly complex biography of ritual wetland deposits, lasting up to 800 years from the 4th - 5th century BC. Domestic animal species were preferred, suggesting their special significance. Some species were deposited for longer periods, and certain wetland sites were used for centuries while others were not. Overall, the study highlights the intricate and dynamic relationship between wetlands, animals, and early Iron Age rituals.
JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE-REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Allan Cramer, Grith Hojfeldt, Peter Schjerling, Jakob Agergaard, Gerrit van Hall, Jesper Olsen, Per Holmich, Michael Kjaer, Kristoffer Weisskirchner Barfod
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the turnover of tendon tissue before and after an Achilles tendon rupture. The results showed that there was already increased turnover of tendon tissue before the rupture, and the synthesis rate of collagen remained relatively constant in the first two weeks after the rupture. This suggests that the formation of new tendon tissue is not an immediate process during the regeneration of ruptured tendons in patients.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jesper Norgaard, Martin Margold, John D. Jansen, Redzhep Kurbanov, Izabela Szuman, Jane Lund Andersen, Jesper Olsen, Mads Faurschou Knudsen
Summary: This study presents the first dates from the central part of Northeast Siberia, providing age constraints on glaciations in the region. The results indicate limited Late Pleistocene glaciations to the highlands, suggesting the absence of a large, coalescent ice sheet in Northeast Siberia during the Last Glacial Maximum or Marine Isotope Stage 6.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Archaeology
Gerard T. Barrett, Kerry Allen, Paula J. Reimer, Asa Ringbom, Jesper Olsen, Alf Lindroos
Summary: Ramped pyrolysis radiocarbon dating was performed on lime lumps extracted from the oldest remains of Turku Cathedral in Finland. The results revealed an age range in the late 13th century AD, which aligns with historical sources and previous dating work. This study demonstrates the reliability and repeatability of ramped pyrolysis as a technique for dating mortar.
JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Elina Ceballos, Jordi Cama, Josep M. Soler, Robert Frei
Summary: Our study focused on the leaching processes of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) in contaminated soil, resulting in groundwater contamination. Characterization of the soil using various techniques revealed that the main source of Cr was solid waste in the upper meter of the soil. Flow-through and column experiments were conducted to understand the release and mobility of Cr(VI), and numerical simulations helped interpret these processes. The accurate characterization of these processes is crucial for effectively mitigating Cr(VI) mobility in contaminated soils.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rasmus Gronfeldt Winther, Eske Willerslev
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Jesper Olsen, Tibor-Tamas Daroczi, Marie Kanstrup
Summary: During the past twenty years, radiocarbon dating of hydroxyapatite archaeological cremated bones has become a standard practice. Different laboratories have various pretreatment procedures, some of which involve the use of Sulfix to fix SO2 prior to CO2 reduction. Recent findings suggest that the use of Sulfix may lead to older C-14 ages. This study reports on the use of Sulfix at the Aarhus AMS Centre and presents an experiment testing alternative purification agents.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Giampaolo Trivellin, Adrian F. Daly, Laura C. Hernandez-Ramirez, Elisa Araldi, Christina Tatsi, Ryan K. Dale, Gus Fridell, Arjun Mittal, Fabio R. Faucz, James R. Iben, Tianwei Li, Eleonora Vitali, Stanko S. Stojilkovic, Peter Kamenicky, Chiara Villa, Bertrand Baussart, Prashant Chittiboina, Camilo Toro, William A. Gahl, Erica A. Eugster, Luciana A. Naves, Marie-Lise Jaffrain-Rea, Wouter W. de Herder, Sebastian J. C. M. M. Neggers, Patrick Petrossians, Albert Beckers, Andrea G. Lania, Richard E. Mains, Betty A. Eipper, Constantine A. Stratakis
Summary: This study identified PAM as a candidate gene associated with pituitary hypersecretion, opening the possibility of developing novel therapeutics based on altering PAM function.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Legal
Mikkel Jon Henningsen, Lykke Thorlacius-Ussing, Lotte Groth Jensen, Kasper Hansen, Christina Jacobsen, Stina Lou, Chiara Villa
Summary: Forensic pathologists may use 3D prints as demonstrative aids in court, but the effects and benefits of using them remain unclear. This qualitative study interviewed various stakeholders to explore the effects of using a 3D print of a skull fracture in court. The study found that the 3D print was accurate but lacked the same material characteristics as the human skull, and virtual 3D models were expected to provide similar benefits while being less emotionally confronting. The court infrequently challenged expert witnesses' conclusions, reducing the need for detailed examination and the use of 3D prints.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LEGAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Anthropology
Trine Bottos Olsen, Daniel Garcia-Martinez, Chiara Villa
Summary: This study aimed to test the performance of 3D digitizer, CT scanner, and surface scanner in detecting cranial fluctuating asymmetry. Sets of 32 landmarks were acquired from 14 archeological crania using these three techniques. Levels of shape variation and fluctuating asymmetry were analyzed. The results showed that all three 3D techniques are suitable for measuring cranial fluctuating asymmetry, but caution should be taken when combining data collected with different techniques.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Trygvi Bech Arting, Paulo Cesar Boggiani, Claudio Gaucher, Henrique Albuquerque Fernandes, Robert Frei
Summary: Cr isotopes recorded in iron formations have the potential to reflect the isotope signatures in ambient surface seawater. The Fe and Mn deposits in the Urucum district of Brazil are the youngest and largest Neoproterozoic sedimentary deposits of their kind. Geochemical analysis of drillcore samples shows intermittent mixing of freshwater with seawater and varying redox conditions across the Jacadigo Basin. The Cr isotope signatures in the Urucum iron formations suggest stable supply of oxidized Cr from continental sources and insignificant alteration of the authigenic Cr isotope signals by tropical weathering.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Christian Baastrup Sondergaard, Chiara Villa, Christina Jacobsen, Alexander Lilja-Cyron, Kare Fugleholm
Summary: This study compared the difference in pressure-volume relationship between decompressive hinge craniotomy (DHC), decompressive craniectomy (DC), and bone plate fixation for elevated intracranial pressure (ICP). The results showed that DHC can increase the intracranial volume by up to 84 ml and allow for approximately 60 ml increase before ICP exceeds 20 mmHg.
ACTA NEUROCHIRURGICA
(2023)