Article
Microbiology
James S. McCarthy, Azrin N. Abd-Rahman, Katharine A. Collins, Louise Marquart, Paul Griffin, Anne Kummel, Aline Fuchs, Cornelis Winnips, Vishal Mishra, Katalin Csermak-Renner, J. Prakash Jain, Preetam Gandhi
Summary: The new antimalarial compound cipargamin showed antimalarial activity in healthy volunteers infected with blood-stage Plasmodium falciparum, although some subjects experienced serious liver function changes during treatment. Further evaluation of the compound's hepatic safety profile is needed despite the promising antimalarial activity observed.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Annalisa Bonelli, Pierantonio Menna, Giorgio Minotti, Silvia Angeletti, Alessandro Comandini, Rossella Picollo, Elisa Quarchioni, Vincenzo Russo, Enrica Salvatori, Francesca Ferravante, Sara Emerenziani, Michele Cicala, Maurizio Muscaritoli
Summary: This study investigated a novel FSMP for subjects with impaired digestion or gastrointestinal absorption, showing good gastrointestinal tolerance, acceptable palatability, and no impact on physiological glucose or triglycerides levels. The investigational product was well tolerated by study subjects.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hyeon-Cheol Jeong, Jung Eun Park, Yohan Seo, Min-Gul Kim, Kwang-Hee Shin
Summary: Pharmacometabolomics is a useful tool to identify biomarkers for predicting drug response. DA-9701, a prokinetic agent, contains active ingredients that improve gastrointestinal motility, and the metabolites involved in its mechanism mainly focus on lipid metabolism and purine metabolism.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Masaharu Urakaze, Chikaaki Kobashi, Yukihiro Satou, Kouichi Shigeta, Masahiro Toshima, Masatoshi Takagi, Jiro Takahashi, Hiroshi Nishida
Summary: This study found that oral intake of Astaxanthin for 12 weeks significantly reduced glucose levels after a 120-minute oral glucose tolerance test, improved HbA1c levels, apo E levels, and malondialdehyde-modified low-density lipoprotein levels, and increased the Matuda index.
Article
Ophthalmology
Claudio Iovino, Jay Chhablani, Mohammed Abdul Rasheed, Filippo Tatti, Federico Bernabei, Marco Pellegrini, Giuseppe Giannaccare, Enrico Peiretti
Summary: This study evaluated the changes in choroidal vasculature after the instillation of different eye drops in healthy subjects. The results showed that the use of these eye drops did not induce significant changes in choroidal vasculature, suggesting that their use does not alter the evaluation of choroidal thickness and vascularity index.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Carlos N. Bedolla, Catherine Rauschendorfer, Drew B. Havard, Blaine A. Guenther, Julie A. Rizzo, August N. Blackburn, Kathy L. Ryan, Megan B. Blackburn
Summary: Tracheal intubation is the preferred method for airway management in emergency trauma medicine. This study proposes a novel technology, spectral reflectance, for verifying tracheal tube placement. The research demonstrates that trachea has a unique spectral profile that differentiates it from other airway tissues. Furthermore, inhalation injury does not affect the spectral reflectance of the trachea. However, more studies are needed to determine the clinical utility of this technology and develop a tissue differentiation algorithm.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jyotika Erram, Monica Bari, Antoinette Domingo, Daniel T. Cannon
Summary: Expiratory loading reduced FEV1, FVC, and PEF in healthy adults, but did not significantly affect FEV1/FVC, FRC, or RAR. This suggests that threshold loading may be a useful strategy to alter work of breathing without major impacts on key pulmonary function parameters.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Johannes Reckweg, Natasha L. Mason, Cees van Leeuwen, Stefan W. Toennes, Theis H. Terwey, Johannes G. Ramaekers
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of vaporized 5-MeO-DMT on safety, tolerability, and dose-related psychoactive effects in healthy volunteers, as well as its effects on cognitive functioning, mood, and well-being. Individualized dose escalation of 5-MeO-DMT may be preferable over single dose administration for clinical applications aiming to maximize the experience to elicit a strong therapeutic response.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Anesthesiology
Stanislas Grassin-Delyle, Michaela Semeraro, Elodie Lamy, Saik Urien, Ileana Runge, Frantz Foissac, Naim Bouazza, Jean-Marc Treluyer, Monica Arribas, Ian Roberts, Haleema Shakur-Still
Summary: The study showed significant differences in pharmacokinetics between intramuscular and oral administration of TXA in healthy volunteers, with intramuscular absorption being rapid and complete, making it a potentially effective alternative to intravenous TXA. Adverse events were mild and transient, mainly consisting of local reactions and low-intensity pain.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Tessa Mollie Campbell, Zhiyong Liu, Qian Zhang, Marcela Moncada-Velez, Laura E. Covill, Peng Zhang, Ilad Alavi Darazam, Paul Bastard, Lucy Bizien, Giorgia Bucciol, Sara Lind Enoksson, Emmanuelle Jouanguy, Semsi Nur Karabela, Taushif Khan, Yasemin Kendir-Demirkol, Andres Augusto Arias, Davood Mansouri, Per Marits, Nico Marr, Isabelle Migeotte, Leen Moens, Tayfun Ozcelik, Isabelle Pellier, Anton Sendel, Sevtap Senoglu, Mohammad Shahrooei, C. I. Edvard Smith, Isabelle Vandernoot, Karen Willekens, Kadriye Kart Yasar, Peter Bergman, Laurent Abel, Aurelie Cobat, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Isabelle Meyts, Yenan T. Bryceson
Summary: IRF7-deficient individuals are prone to viral infections of the respiratory tract but are otherwise healthy, potentially due to residual IFN-beta and compensatory adaptive immunity.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Tomefa. E. Asempa, Joseph. L. Kuti, Jeffrey. C. Nascimento, Samuel. J. Pope, Edward. L. Salerno, Patrick. J. Troy, David. P. Nicolau
Summary: This study evaluated the safety profile and pulmonary disposition of taniborbactam in combination with cefepime for the treatment of MDR Gram-negative pathogens. The results showed that the bronchopulmonary exposures of taniborbactam and cefepime can be utilized for designing optimal dosing regimens for patients with pneumonia.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Jing Zhang, Yingyuan Zhang, Depei Wu, Guoying Cao, Kamal Hamed, Amit Desai, Jalal A. Aram, Xuan Guo, Rana Fayyad, Oliver A. Cornely
Summary: The study showed that there were no clinically relevant PK differences between Chinese and Western participants, although Chinese volunteers had higher exposure. In Chinese patients, the efficacy and safety of isavuconazole were similar to the global population.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Flavio Labriola, Caterina Marcato, Chiara Zarbo, Ludovica Betti, Arianna Catelli, Maria Chiara Valerii, Enzo Spisni, Patrizia Alvisi
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the quality and amount of nutrient intake in pediatric patients with Crohn's Disease (CD). The results showed that the diet of CD patients was deficient in fibers, polyphenols, vitamin A, beta-carotene, and fatty acids, while it was rich in animal proteins, vitamin B12, and niacin. CD dietary habits reflected the so-called Western diet, possibly contributing to the pathogenesis of CD.
Article
Neurosciences
Noam Schneck, Sarah Herzog, Jun Lu, Ashley Yttredahl, R. Todd Ogden, Hanga Galfalvy, Ainsley Burke, Barbara Stanley, J. John Mann, Kevin N. Ochsner
Summary: This study investigated the neural dynamics of emotion regulation in healthy control subjects and subjects with major depressive disorder. The results showed that individuals with major depressive disorder exhibited a more rigid neural dynamic of reappraisal, suggesting a diminished ability to flexibly regulate emotion.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Adam Salon, Bianca Steuber, Ruslan Neshev, Karin Schmid-Zalaudek, Patrick De Boever, Eva Bergmann, Rainer Picha, Per Morten Fredriksen, Benedicta Ngwechi Nkeh-Chungag, Nandu Goswami
Summary: This pilot study aimed to assess the effect of Maharishi light therapy (MLT) on physiological parameters in healthy participants. The study found significant changes in retinal parameters, but the baseline measurements already showed large biological variation, suggesting that the observed effects may be due to natural fluctuations in microcirculation rather than MLT. Larger studies in different patient populations may reveal the physiological impacts of this therapy.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)