Article
Environmental Sciences
Danielle Blazys Correa, Enner Alcantara, Renata Libonati, Klecia Gili Massi, Edward Park
Summary: This study examined the patterns and changes in wildfire behavior in the Pantanal wetland in Brazil, highlighting the differences between recent fires and those in the past. The research revealed that grasslands have experienced more frequent fires over the past two decades, but the 2020 fires had a preference for burning forest regions. The study emphasizes the need for stratified and refined research to understand localized patterns and drivers of wildfires in the region.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bikramaditya Ghosh, Dimitrios Paparas
Summary: This study investigates the risk spillover and connectedness of agri commodities over the past six decades using extreme quantiles. The findings show that these commodities exhibit consistently high levels of risk spillover and connectedness, indicating their vulnerability to various shocks. Rice, Orange Juice, Chicken, Tea, and Groundnut Oil are consistent net receivers, while Palm Oil, Soyabeans, Maize, and Wheat are net emitters throughout. Additionally, there is a decreasing complexity of network connectedness with increased quantiles.
Review
Behavioral Sciences
A. Neligan, Sanjeev Rajakulendran
Summary: Earlier and more aggressive treatment of status epilepticus has long been established as the accepted approach, but it is important to assess whether this has led to improved prognosis. This review examines the evidence on changes in mortality of convulsive status epilepticus over time, focusing on a recent systematic review and meta-analysis. The lack of evidence for improved prognosis in terms of mortality is discussed, as well as potential reasons and possible solutions. The urgent need for accurate data on functional outcomes in non-fatal cases of status epilepticus is emphasized.
EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Enrico Scoccimarro, Oreste Cattaneo, Silvio Gualdi, Francesco Mattion, Alexandre Bizeul, Arnau Martin Risquez, Roberta Quadrelli
Summary: Cooling degree days are used as a simple indicator to represent the impact of temperature on energy demand for cooling. This study investigates the changes in cooling degree days worldwide over a twenty-one-year period from 2000, considering factors such as population-weighting and humidity. The analysis reveals a general increase in cooling degree days across countries, indicating a rise in energy consumption for cooling. The study also highlights the importance of including humidity in understanding the overall trends and clustering of intense events.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
John R. Speakman, Jasper M. A. de Jong, Srishti Sinha, Klaas R. Westerterp, Yosuke Yamada, Hiroyuki Sagayama, Philip N. Ainslie, Liam J. Anderson, Lenore Arab, Kweku Bedu-Addo, Stephane Blanc, Alberto G. Bonomi, Pascal Bovet, Soren Brage, Maciej S. Buchowski, Nancy F. Butte, Stefan G. J. A. Camps, Jamie A. Cooper, Richard Cooper, Sai Krupa Das, Peter S. W. Davies, Lara R. Dugas, Ulf Ekelund, Sonja Entringer, Terrence Forrester, Barry W. Fudge, Melanie Gillingham, Santu Ghosh, Annelies H. Goris, Michael Gurven, Lewis G. Halsey, Catherine Hambly, Hinke H. Haisma, Daniel Hoffman, Sumei Hu, Annemiek M. Joosen, Jennifer L. Kaplan, Peter Katzmarzyk, William E. Kraus, Robert F. Kushner, William R. Leonard, Marie Loef, Corby K. Martin, Eric Matsiko, Anine C. Medin, Erwin P. Meijer, Marian L. Neuhouser, Theresa A. Nicklas, Robert M. Ojiambo, Kirsi H. Pietilaeinen, Jacob Plange-Rhule, Guy Plasqui, Ross L. Prentice, Susan B. Racette, David A. Raichlen, Eric Ravussin, Leanne M. Redman, Susan B. Roberts, Michael C. Rudolph, Luis B. Sardinha, Albertine J. Schuit, Analiza M. Silva, Eric Stice, Samuel S. Urlacher, Giulio Valenti, Ludo M. Van Etten, Edgar A. Van Mil, Brian M. Wood, Jack A. Yanovski, Tsukasa Yoshida, Xueying Zhang, Alexia J. Murphy-Alford, Cornelia U. Loechl, Anura Kurpad, Amy H. Luke, Herman Pontzer, Matthew S. Rodeheffer, Jennifer Rood, Dale A. Schoeller, William W. Wong
Summary: Obesity is caused by prolonged positive energy balance, and the contribution of reduced activity levels to energy expenditure is still debated. Our study shows that total energy expenditure (TEE) adjusted for body composition and age has declined since the late 1980s, while adjusted activity energy expenditure has increased over time in both sexes. The decline in adjusted basal energy expenditure (BEE) is identified as a previously unrecognized factor. These findings suggest that the increasing obesity in the United States/Europe is not likely fueled by reduced physical activity leading to lowered TEE.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Yihan Zhao, Yun Zhang, Jishu Guo, Jun Wang, Yanling Li
Summary: The study found that there has been a decrease in classical and basic research on periphyton, while research on periphyton's function in freshwater ecosystems, research at macroscales, and anthropogenic themes have been increasing. The focus of the research is mainly on diatoms, especially in relation to streams. Future research should focus on periphyton's function in lakes and its response to multiple environmental pressures.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Elena Plekhanova, Jin-Soo Kim, Jacqueline Oehri, Angela Erb, Crystal Schaaf, Gabriela Schaepman-Strub
Summary: An analysis of mid-summer shortwave land-surface albedo in the pan-Arctic region over the past two decades shows that the majority of the region has not experienced significant changes, with some areas showing increases or decreases. The slight increase in albedo is attributed to an increase in the near-/shortwave infrared domain, partially offset by a decrease in visible albedo. The findings suggest that a more sophisticated vegetation parameterization method is needed to improve the accuracy of albedo predictions.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Wen Liang, Yan Wang, Jinglong Mu, Nian Wu, Juying Wang, Sumei Liu
Summary: This study re-examines the nutrient trends in the Bohai Sea and finds that the concentrations of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and DIN/dissolved inorganic phosphate (DIP) ratios gradually increased from 2000 to 2013 but dramatically decreased from 2013 to 2019. This suggests that nearshore waters in the Bohai Sea respond more rapidly to changes in human activities. Furthermore, the study demonstrates the phased success of various nutrient reduction measures taken by the Chinese government to improve the environment of the Bohai Sea over the past decade.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nauman Ali, Qinghua Ye, Xueqin Zhang, Xinhui Ji, Yafan Hu, Liping Zhu, Arslan Ali
Summary: The rapid melting of glaciers in the Himalayas has resulted in severe glacial-hydrological hazards. This study focuses on the Dhauliganga catchment in Uttarakhand, India, and utilizes remote sensing data and geodetic measurements to analyze the changes in glacier area and mass over the past two decades. The results show that the debris-free glacier area has decreased by 12.35%, with a negative mass balance. Some glaciers experienced an increase in melt rate, while others demonstrated a decrease. The collapse of the Ronti glacier is likely attributed to significant mass accumulation. This study is important for understanding glacier changes and predicting disaster risks.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Xinru Li, Simon D. Donner
Summary: Marine heatwaves (MHWs) have increased in frequency and severity globally over recent decades. Warm-season MHWs have become more frequent, longer-lasting, featured higher peak intensity and accumulated heat stress. The increased accumulated heat stress is predominantly driven by the increased duration.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hui Zhang, Xin Zhang, Yi Shang, Giri Kattel, Lijuan Miao
Summary: The warming climate has significantly impacted vegetation growth in drylands, with Inner Mongolia experiencing a noticeable greening process despite some areas showing browning trends. The long-term and nonlinear dynamics in vegetation greenness provide valuable insights for research on the subject.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Bo Su, Cunde Xiao, Deliang Chen, Yi Huang, Yanjun Che, Hongyu Zhao, Mingbo Zou, Rong Guo, Xuejia Wang, Xin Li, Wanqin Guo, Shiyin Liu, Tandong Yao
Summary: China has the largest area of glaciers situated within the middle- and low-latitude areas worldwide. The rapid changes in mountain glaciers across western China in the last decades have affected ecosystems and socioeconomic activities. This study re-analyzes Chinese Glacier Inventories and provides a comprehensive assessment of glacier changes and associated influencing factors. The results show a significant decrease in glacier area and volume, along with a rise in Equilibrium Line Altitude. Climate conditions and regional characteristics play important roles in glacier change.
EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Baozhen Hao, Jingli Ma, Peng Chen, Lina Jiang, Xiaojie Wang, Chunxi Li, Zhimin Wang
Summary: Research indicates that wheat breeding in China has led to an increase in grain zinc concentration over the past 80 years, while grain iron concentration has decreased. Wheat cultivars showed an increasing trend in zinc concentration over the breeding period, while iron concentration decreased.
FIELD CROPS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Mojolaoluwa Toluwalase Daramola, Emmanuel Olaoluwa Eresanya, Stephen Chibuike Erhabor
Summary: This study examines the changes in aridity in the western region of Africa over the past four decades. The results show that the area has experienced significant warming, especially in the last two decades. The aridity index has increased, particularly in the semi-arid zone, despite an increase in potential evapotranspiration (PET). Precipitation continues to have a dominant influence on aridity changes in the region.
JOURNAL OF AFRICAN EARTH SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Xiong Zeng, Lei Huang, Guojian He, Dianchang Wang, Xinghua Wu, Hongwei Fang
Summary: This study investigated the transport of phosphorus in the Three Gorges Reservoir and the combined effects of cascade reservoirs operation and anthropogenic emissions. The results showed significant differences in phosphorus concentrations between different periods, with suspended sediment, total phosphorus, and particulate phosphorus decreasing after the impoundment of cascade reservoirs, while total dissolved phosphorus increased during the operation of the Three Gorges Reservoir and decreased after the impoundment of upstream cascade reservoirs. Monthly variations revealed more even distribution of suspended sediment, total phosphorus, and particulate phosphorus throughout the year, while total dissolved phosphorus showed higher concentrations in dry season and lower concentrations in flood season. The study also found positive correlations between phosphorus concentrations and both sediment and anthropogenic phosphorus emissions.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anthony Bowen, Maggie P. Wear, Radames J. B. Cordero, Stefan Oscarson, Arturo Casadevall
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2017)
Article
Microbiology
Ricardo Perez-Dulzaides, Emma Camacho, Radames J. B. Cordero, Arturo Casadevall
Review
Immunology
Arturo Casadevall, Carolina Coelho, Radames J. B. Cordero, Quigly Dragotakes, Eric Jung, Raghav Vij, Maggie P. Wear
Article
Microbiology
Benjamin Hommel, Liliane Mukaremera, Radames J. B. Cordero, Carolina Coelho, Christopher A. Desjardins, Aude Sturny-Leclere, Guilhem Janbon, John R. Perfect, James A. Fraser, Arturo Casadevall, Christina A. Cuomo, Francoise Dromer, Kirsten Nielsen, Alexandre Alanio
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Radames J. B. Cordero, Vincent Robert, Gianluigi Cardinali, Ebuka S. Arinze, Susanna M. Thon, Arturo Casadevall
Article
Microbiology
Raghav Vij, Radames J. B. Cordero, Arturo Casadevall
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emma Camacho, Raghav Vij, Christine Chrissian, Rafael Prados-Rosales, David Gil, Robert N. O'Meally, Radames J. B. Cordero, Robert N. Cole, J. Michael McCaffery, Ruth E. Stark, Arturo Casadevall
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2019)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christine Chrissian, Emma Camacho, Man Shun Fu, Rafael Prados-Rosales, Subhasish Chatterjee, Radames J. B. Cordero, Jennifer K. Lodge, Arturo Casadevall, Ruth E. Stark
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2020)
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Radames J. B. Cordero, Emma Camacho, Arturo Casadevall
Article
Microbiology
Daniel Zamith-Miranda, Heino M. Heyman, Sneha P. Couvillion, Radames J. B. Cordero, Marcio L. Rodrigues, Leonardo Nimrichter, Arturo Casadevall, Rafaela F. Amatuzzi, Lysangela R. Alves, Ernesto S. Nakayasu, Joshua D. Nosanchuk
Summary: Candida auris is a multidrug-resistant pathogenic fungus responsible for outbreaks worldwide, with its released extracellular vesicles (EVs) affecting adhesion to epithelial cells and immune response differently compared to Candida albicans EVs.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maggie P. Wear, Ella Jacobs, Siqing Wang, Scott A. McConnell, Anthony Bowen, Camilla Strother, Radames J. B. Cordero, Conor J. Crawford, Arturo Casadevall
Summary: This study developed new physical and enzymatic methods for the isolation of Cryptococcus neoformans capsule polysaccharides (CPSs) and explored their architecture and synthesis. Soluble CPS preparations were obtained through sonication or Glucanex enzyme cocktail digestion, while capsule ghosts were produced through cell disruption after Glucanex digestion, suggesting an inherent organization of CPS independent of the cell wall. The noncytotoxic sonication and Glucanex digestion also allowed the observation of capsule rebuilding and the presence of reducing end glycans throughout the capsule. Analysis of CPS preparations further revealed the conservation of glucuronoxylomannan motifs in sonicated CPS only. These findings provide new insights into capsule structure and assembly.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Radames J. B. Cordero, Quigly Dragotakes, Phyllis J. Friello, Arturo Casadevall
Summary: As human activity in space increases, understanding the response of biological assets to spaceflight conditions is becoming increasingly important. Previous studies have shown that melanin-producing fungi can survive in space, and this study found that melanin can enhance the viability of yeast. This discovery contributes to a better understanding and protection of biological organisms in space.
ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Ellie Rose Mattoon, Radames J. B. Cordero, Arturo Casadevall
Summary: Melanin is a complex pigment found in fungi, and it has been associated with protective functions against environmental stresses. This study shows that melanization enhances the mechanical strength of fungal cell walls, reducing fragmentation and shrinkage.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Radames J. B. Cordero, Ellie Rose Mattoon, Zulymar Ramos, Arturo Casadevall
Summary: Fungi, including mushrooms, molds, and yeasts, have a characteristic cold temperature due to evaporative cooling, as confirmed by infrared thermography. The hypothermic state is observed throughout the fungal colonies and can even be detected in the mycelium of mushrooms. The evapotranspiration of fungi, which make up 2% of Earth's biomass, may contribute to cooler temperatures in local environments.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
John E. E. Hallsworth, Zulema Udaondo, Carlos Pedros-Alio, Juan Hofer, Kathleen C. C. Benison, Karen G. G. Lloyd, Radames J. B. Cordero, Claudia B. L. de Campos, Michail M. M. Yakimov, Ricardo Amils
Summary: Practical experiments drive important scientific discoveries in biology, but theory-based research also contributes important and innovative findings. This article discusses the roles of theory-based approaches in various wet-biology research areas, including microbial growth and survival, cell physiology, host-pathogen interactions, and competitive or symbiotic interactions. It also highlights the importance of thought and theory in the research process, the limitations and potential of artificial intelligence technologies, and the value of theory-based science in education and epistemology. The article emphasizes the need for human engagement in scientific innovation and addresses issues such as biases in language and the importance of theory-based science in addressing global challenges.
MICROBIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
