Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
John R. Couchman
Summary: Cell surface proteoglycans, such as syndecans, play crucial roles in regulating cell behavior, including interactions with extracellular matrix components and mediating proliferation, adhesion, and migration. In tumors, changes in the levels and distribution of syndecan-1 can have implications for prognosis, with loss of membrane staining and abnormal cytoplasmic or nuclear staining often indicating poor outcomes. Targeting syndecan-1 with antibody-toxin conjugates may hold promise for clinical applications in both myeloma and some carcinomas.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Virology
Ghadah A. Karasneh, Divya Kapoor, Navya Bellamkonda, Chandrashekhar D. Patil, Deepak Shukla
Summary: The increased levels of HPSE can reduce syncytial plaque formation and promote viral egress and release. Transiently enhanced expression of HPSE does not affect HSV-1 entry into cells but facilitates extracellular release of mature virions.
Article
Immunology
Endika Prieto-Fernandez, Leire Egia-Mendikute, Laura Vila-Vecilla, Alexandre Bosch, Adrian Barreira-Manrique, So Young Lee, Ana Garcia-del Rio, Asier Antonana-Vildosola, Borja Jimenez-Lasheras, Leire Moreno-Cugnon, Jesus Jimenez-Barbero, Edurne Berra, June Ereno-Orbea, Asis Palazon
Summary: Hypoxia decreases the attachment of SARS-CoV-2 virus to epithelial cells, inhibiting the infection rate; furthermore, hypoxia affects the binding of spike protein to cells by reducing the cell surface HS levels; hypoxia or loss of HS-related proteins can reduce the binding of the virus to host cells.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jia Gao, Yongmei Xu, Jian Liu, Xuefei Huang
Summary: A novel convergent chemoenzymatic synthesis strategy has been established to efficiently synthesize a mimic of heparan sulfate proteoglycan syndecan-1, which showed enhanced binding with alpha v beta 3 integrin and stronger inhibition of breast cancer cell migration compared to individual components. This approach could serve as a general method for synthesizing heparan sulfate proteoglycan mimetics.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Virology
Pankaj Sharma, Divya Kapoor, Deepak Shukla
Summary: This article discusses the role of HPSE and SDC-1 as newly identified host factors that facilitate HSV-1 release during infection.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
L. Baert, B. Manfroi, M. Quintero, O. Chavarria, P. V. Barbon, E. Clement, A. Zeller, T. Van Kuppevelt, N. Sturm, J. Moreaux, A. Tveita, B. Bogen, T. McKee, B. Huard
Summary: Multiple myeloma is a hematological neoplasm derived from plasma cells in the bone marrow. A subpopulation of cells called 10e4(+) cells, which have high resistance to multiple myeloma drugs, bind to the protein APRIL through heparan sulfate chains on syndecan-1. These cells have high proliferation activity and are able to form colonies in 3D cultures. They can develop in the bone marrow after intravenous injection and become more resistant to drugs after treatment. The enzyme HS3ST3a1 plays a role in modifying syndecan-1 to confer reactivity to 10e4 and APRIL binding. Targeting this enzyme could potentially improve drug resistance control in multiple myeloma.
Review
Cell Biology
Jessica Oyie Sousa Onyeisi, Carla Cristina Lopes, Martin Goette
Summary: Aberrant expression of syndecan-4 is associated with worse prognosis in breast cancer. It is regulated by various mechanisms, including transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms. Syndecan-4 plays a crucial role in breast cancer progression by interacting with different ligands and regulating cellular processes such as adhesion, migration, and invasion. Additionally, syndecan-4 expression is modulated by drugs used in breast cancer treatment.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yoshio Hattori, Masahiro Hasegawa, Takahiro Iino, Kyoko Imanaka-Yoshida, Akihiro Sudo
Summary: In this study, the researchers found that treating osteoarthritic cartilage with SDC4 can inhibit cartilage degeneration. They discovered that SDC4 upregulated the expression of TIMP-3 and downregulated the expression of MMP-13 and ADAMTS-5 in chondrocytes. Additionally, intra-articular injection of SDC4 in an OA mouse model prevented articular cartilage degeneration.
Review
Polymer Science
Qingchi Wang, Lianli Chi
Summary: This review investigates the structural alterations and roles of GAGs/PGs in various diseases, and discusses their potential in disease diagnosis, monitoring, prognosis, and drug development.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anett Hudak, Matthew Roach, David Pusztai, Aladar Pettko-Szandtner, Annamaria Letoha, Laszlo Szilak, Mimoun Azzouz, Tamas Letoha
Summary: AAV vectors are safe and efficient gene delivery tools, with AAV9 being capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier for gene transduction in the central nervous system. However, recent studies have revealed limitations in AAV9-mediated gene delivery. This study identified syndecan-4 as a significant contributor to AAV9's cellular internalization, highlighting its role in enhancing gene transduction. By understanding the molecular mechanisms involved, this research provides insights to improve AAV9-based gene therapy approaches.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Natalie Acker, Harold Smith, Claire Devine, Sharon L. Oltjen, Sofia Tsiropoulou, Zeljka Smit-McBride, Karen Lange, Oliver E. Blacque, Joanne A. Matsubara, Andrew Gordus, Andy Golden, Bruce E. Vogel
Summary: Age-related macular degeneration is a leading cause of blindness among the elderly, with defective CFH and HS interactions potentially contributing to the progression of AMD. Studies indicate that CFH plays a crucial role in maintaining ciliary structure, which can help prevent the development of AMD.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
V. I. G. N. E. S. H. MARIAPPAN, S. H. A. L. I. N. D. A. ADIKARI, L. O. K. E. S. H. SHANMUGAM, J. O. S. H. Y. M. EASOW, A. G. I. E. S. H. K. U. M. A. R. B. A. L. A. K. R. I. S. H. N. A. PILLAI
Summary: Protein and mRNA levels of ENG and SDC-1 increase significantly towards defervescence in dengue cases, with higher levels in severe dengue cases compared to controls. Support Vector Machine analysis shows that serum levels of ENG and SDC-1, along with other clinical symptoms, can predict disease severity with 100% accuracy.
TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Juliana Pocas, Catarina Marques, Catarina Gomes, Andreia Hanada Otake, Filipe Pinto, Mariana Ferreira, Tiago Silva, Isabel Faria-Ramos, Rita Matos, Ana Raquel Ribeiro, Emanuel Senra, Bruno Cavadas, Silvia Batista, Joana Maia, Joana A. Macedo, Luis Lima, Luis Pedro Afonso, Jose Alexandre Ferreira, Lucio Lara Santos, Antonio Polonia, Hugo Osorio, Mattias Belting, Celso A. Reis, Bruno Costa-Silva, Ana Magalhaes
Summary: Gastric cancer is influenced by the expression of syndecan-4 (SDC4) which is associated with poor patient survival. SDC4 plays a crucial role in regulating the motility and invasion of gastric cancer cells. Additionally, SDC4 decorated with heparan sulfate is involved in the distribution, uptake, and functional effects of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from gastric cancer cells. SDC4 knockout disrupts the tropism of EVs for common gastric cancer metastatic sites. These findings provide insight into the molecular implications of SDC4 expression in gastric cancer cells and present potential therapeutic strategies targeting the glycan-EV axis to limit tumor progression.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zuopeng Wu, Rebecca A. Sweet, Gerard F. Hoyne, Charmaine J. Simeonovic, Christopher R. Parish
Summary: It has been accepted for decades that T lymphocytes and metastasising tumour cells traverse basement membranes (BM) by deploying a battery of degradative enzymes, particularly proteases. However, recent studies suggest that there are other mechanisms that allow cell migration through basement membranes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maia Yamila Kohon, Mor Zaaroor Levy, Tzipi Hornik-Lurie, Avshalom Shalom, Ariel Berl, Liat Drucker, Yair Levy, Shelly Tartakover Matalon
Summary: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is characterized by fibrosis of the skin and organs, with myofibroblasts playing a key role. Alpha v beta 3 integrin and miRNA-21 affect fibrosis, and occupying the thyroid hormones binding site of alpha v beta 3 may delay fibrosis. Testing on dermal fibroblasts and SSc patients showed that fibrotic ECM increased pro-fibrotic characteristics and miRNA-21 levels, while tetrac inhibited these effects and had a negative correlation with pulmonary arterial hypertension development.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)