Article
Clinical Neurology
Alice Tisserand, Benjamin Cretin, Mary Mondino, Anne Botzung, Lea Sanna, Catherine Demuynck, Pierre Anthony, Candice Muller, Olivier Bousiges, Nathalie Philippi, Frederic Blanc
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between photophobia and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). The study found that photophobia was more frequent in DLB patients and was associated with decreased gray matter in the right precentral cortex and the eyelid motor region. This finding is important for understanding the pathological mechanism of DLB.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Hatice Eraslan Boz, Koray Kocoglu, Muge Akkoyun, Isil Yagmur Tufekci, Merve Ekin, Gulden Akdal
Summary: This study aimed to examine the eye movements of patients with early-stage AD, aMCI, and healthy controls during viewing face images. The findings showed that AD patients looked less at the eye area of interest compared to aMCI and HC, focusing instead on the nose and mouth areas of interest.
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Matthew V. Elliott, Serajh A. S. Esmail, Kevin S. Weiner, Sheri L. Johnson
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the neuroanatomical correlates of emotion-related impulsivity (ERI). The findings showed that lower cortical gyrification in the lateral orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) was associated with higher ERI severity. These findings have important implications for predicting psychiatric disorders and related problems.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Vidyulata Kamath, Matthew L. Senjem, Anthony J. Spychalla, Honglei Chen, Priya Palta, Thomas H. Mosley, B. Gwen Windham, Michael Griswold, David S. Knopman, Rebecca F. Gottesman, Clifford R. Jack, A. Richey Sharrett, Andrea L. C. Schneider
Summary: Impaired olfactory identification is associated with smaller neuroanatomical regions in individuals without dementia, which are the primary targets of AD pathogenic processes.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
A. Gabelle, M. Guery, A. Doutriaux, K. Bettayeb
Summary: This study estimated the number of people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia in France in 2022, who could be eligible for future AD therapies. The results showed that an estimated 2.5 million people have MCI in France, with 1.65 million meeting the criteria for MCI due to AD. The expected number of clinical AD dementia is 925,886 people, including 311,043 cases with an amyloid positive profile.
JPAD-JOURNAL OF PREVENTION OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Giulia Giacomucci, Giulia Galdo, Cristina Polito, Valentina Berti, Sonia Padiglioni, Salvatore Mazzeo, Eleonora Chiaro, Maria Teresa De Cristofaro, Silvia Bagnoli, Benedetta Nacmias, Sandro Sorbi, Valentina Bessi
Summary: This study aims to assess empathy deficits and their neural correlates in patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia. The study found that impairment of cognitive empathy starts at the MCI stage and extends to dementia. Increased emotional contagion may be related to dysfunction in specific brain regions.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ching-Tse Wu, Cheng- Chu, Feng-Yu Wang, Hui-Yu Yang, Wei-Sung Tseng, Chuang-Rung Chang, Chien-Chung Chang
Summary: This study investigated the expression of the immune checkpoint PD-1/PD-L1 in peripheral T cells of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. The results showed increased expression of PD-L1 on certain T cells in AD patients. Additionally, a negative correlation was found between cognitive performance and the levels of CD8(+) T cells and CD8(+)CD25(+) T cells.
CELL AND BIOSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Zahra Moussavi, Kazushige Kimura, Brian Lithgow
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) can be differentiated using a simple and quick virtual reality (VR) technique based on spatial orientation. The study found significant differences in spatial performances between AD and MCI groups, suggesting the potential use of these tests as a quick and simple diagnostic aid for early to mild stages of AD and MCI.
MEDICAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING & COMPUTING
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hansol Lee, Jessie Fanglu Fu, Kyla Gaudet, Annie G. Bryant, Julie C. Price, Rachel E. Bennett, Keith A. Johnson, Bradley T. Hyman, Trey Hedden, David H. Salat, Yi-Fen Yen, Susie Y. Huang
Summary: Cerebrovascular dysfunction plays a significant role in AD progression. This study found that patients with AD/MCI have lower CBF and larger rVSI in the hippocampus, while no difference in vessel density was observed. Additionally, the study revealed an association between tau burden and vascular measures in the hippocampus.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Fernando Arreola, Benjamin Salazar, Antonio Martinez
Summary: This study analyzed the viability of asymmetry-related measures as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease. The results showed that these measures differentiated themselves temporally before most of the other evaluated biomarkers, suggesting the need for further studies to confirm these findings.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Clifford R. Jack Jr, Heather J. Wiste, Alicia Algeciras-Schimnich, Dan J. Figdore, Christopher G. Schwarz, Val J. Lowe, Vijay K. Ramanan, Prashanthi Vemuri, Michelle M. Mielke, David S. Knopman, Jonathan Graff-Radford, Bradley F. Boeve, Kejal Kantarci, Petrice M. Cogswell, Matthew L. Senjem, Jeffrey L. Gunter, Terry M. Therneau, Ronald C. Petersen
Summary: Staging the severity of Alzheimer's disease pathology is important for therapeutic trials and clinical prognosis. Biomarkers such as amyloid and tau PET can be used for disease staging, but plasma biomarkers would be more practical.
Review
Anatomy & Morphology
Charles Taylor, Samuel Hall, Susruta Manivannan, Nilesh Mundil, Scott Border
Summary: In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number of people who can speak two or more languages, leading to more research on bilingualism. Bilingualism can induce considerable changes in gray and white matter in the brain, especially in certain areas like the frontal lobes. There is strong evidence to suggest that bilingualism can help offset symptoms of dementia and age-related cognitive decline.
JOURNAL OF ANATOMY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wenjing Li, Yinhua Zhou, Zhaofan Luo, Rixin Tang, Yuxuan Sun, Qiangsheng He, Bin Xia, Kuiqing Lu, Qinghua Hou, Jinqiu Yuan
Summary: This study aims to construct a lipid score system to predict the risk of progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's disease (AD). The results showed that the lipid score system based on serum lipidomics can accurately predict the progression risk from MCI to AD.
Article
Psychiatry
Filip Morys, Eric Yu, Mari Shishikura, Casey Paquola, Uku Vainik, Gideon Nave, Philipp Koellinger, Ziv Gan-Or, Alain Dagher
Summary: Obesity has a strong genetic component, with up to 20% of variance in BMI being accounted for by common polygenic variation. Most genetic polymorphisms associated with BMI are related to genes expressed in the central nervous system. This study shows that genetic risk for obesity, as expressed in brain changes in the frontal and temporal areas, is related to lower cortical volume and thickness. Overall lower cortical volume is associated with higher impulsivity, which in turn is related to an increase in BMI one year later.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vasileios Papaliagkas, Kallirhoe Kalinderi, Patroklos Vareltzis, Despoina Moraitou, Theodora Papamitsou, Maria Chatzidimitriou
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a rapidly growing disease that urgently requires early diagnosis and treatment. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which directly contacts the brain's extracellular space, is the most useful biological fluid for reflecting molecular events in the brain. Proteins and molecules that reflect the pathogenesis of AD, including neurodegeneration, accumulation of Abeta, hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, and apoptosis, can be used as biomarkers. The most commonly used CSF biomarkers for AD are total tau, phospho-tau, and Abeta42.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Michela Antonelli, Rose S. Penfold, Jordi Merino, Carole H. Sudre, Erika Molteni, Sarah Berry, Liane S. Canas, Mark S. Graham, Kerstin Klaser, Marc Modat, Benjamin Murray, Eric Kerfoot, Liyuan Chen, Jie Deng, Marc F. Osterdahl, Nathan J. Cheetham, David A. Drew, Long H. Nguyen, Joan Capdevila Pujol, Christina Hu, Somesh Selvachandran, Lorenzo Polidori, Anna May, Jonathan Wolf, Andrew T. Chan, Alexander Hammers, Emma L. Duncan, Tim D. Spector, Sebastien Ourselin, Claire J. Steves
Summary: Despite the high efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines, some individuals still become infected with SARS-CoV-2 post-vaccination. Risk factors for post-vaccination infection include frailty in older adults, living in deprived areas, and obesity. Vaccination is associated with reduced odds of severe symptoms and long-duration illness. The findings suggest the importance of targeting at-risk populations and maintaining infection control measures even in vaccinated individuals.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Laurie-Anne Sapey-Triomphe, Veith A. Weilnhammer, Johan Wagemans
Summary: The study suggests that adults with autism can learn and adapt predictions based on associative learning, but they are slower and more inflexible in adjusting their expectations when there is a change in the environment. Both autistic and neurotypical adults tend to be biased by their expectations, perceiving what they expect to see rather than what is actually shown. These findings contribute to the refinement of predictive coding theories of autism.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Manil Subesinghe, Shaheel Bhuva, Joel T. Dunn, Alexander Hammers, Gary J. Cook, Sally F. Barrington, Barbara M. Fischer
Summary: FDG PET-CT scans can detect the pulmonary imaging characteristics of asymptomatic COVID-19 infection and accurately identify them using the BSTI classification system. Asymptomatic COVID-19 infection causes widespread inflammation in the lungs, intrathoracic nodes, and spleen.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Giovanna Nordio, Gill Brown, Sagar Jilka, Alexander Hammers, Mitul A. Mehta, Anoushka Leslie, Steve Williams, Mattia Veronese
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL IMAGING
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Cristina Menni, Ana M. Valdes, Lorenzo Polidori, Michela Antonelli, Satya Penamakuri, Ana Nogal, Panayiotis Louca, Anna May, Jane C. Figueiredo, Christina Hu, Erika Molteni, Liane Canas, Marc F. Osterdahl, Marc Modat, Carole H. Sudre, Ben Fox, Alexander Hammers, Jonathan Wolf, Joan Capdevila, Andrew T. Chan, Sean P. David, Claire J. Steves, Sebastien Ourselin, Tim D. Spector
Summary: This study investigated the differences in symptom prevalence, risk of hospital admission, and symptom duration between omicron and delta variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The study found that loss of smell was less common in omicron infections, sore throat was more common, and the rate of hospital admission was lower.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Stavros Tsagkaris, Eric K. C. Yau, Verity McClelland, Apostolos Papandreou, Ata Siddiqui, Daniel E. Lumsden, Margaret Kaminska, Eric Guedj, Alexander Hammers, Jean-Pierre Lin
Summary: Tsagkaris et al. found that patients with paediatric dystonia have different patterns of brain glucose metabolism observed through FDG-PET scans. These patterns can be linked to specific clinical signs and may serve as useful biomarkers for differential diagnosis and personalized management. The study sheds light on the pathophysiology of dystonia and supports the network theory for its development.
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Siti N. Yaakub, Tristan A. White, Eric Kerfoot, Lennart Verhagen, Alexander Hammers, Elsa F. Fouragnan
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Jessica B. Hopson, Radhouene Neji, Joel T. Dunn, Colm J. McGinnity, Anthime Flaus, Andrew J. Reader, Alexander Hammers
Summary: Using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and pre-training with easily available quantitative information or established pre-trained networks can enhance the prediction performance of clinical assessments in positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, leading to reduced radioligand dose and radiation exposure to patients and staff.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON RADIATION AND PLASMA MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Laurie-Anne Sapey-Triomphe, Joke Dierckx, Sofie Vettori, Jaana van Overwalle, Johan Wagemans
Summary: This study aimed to better understand the visual sensitivity and responsivity in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) at self-reported, behavioral, and neural levels, and to explore their relationships. The results showed that autistic participants had higher scores of sensory sensitivity and responsivity at the self-reported level and exhibited different sensitivity thresholds at the behavioral level. However, there were no group differences in neural assessment of detection thresholds. These findings suggest that sensitivity and responsivity in ASD are not simply increased but may be influenced by other factors such as environmental predictability. Multi-level approaches can provide insights into the mechanisms underlying sensory issues in ASD.
Article
Neurosciences
David Steinbart, Siti N. Yaakub, Mirja Steinbrenner, Lynn S. Guldin, Martin Holtkamp, Simon S. Keller, Bernd Weber, Theodor Rueber, Rolf Heckemann, Maria Ilyas-Feldmann, Alexander Hammers
Summary: This study proposes a manual segmentation protocol and an automatic segmentation method to investigate the relationship between the piriform cortex and memory as well as epilepsy. The results show differences in the volumes of the piriform cortex in healthy individuals, temporal lobe epilepsy patients, and Alzheimer's disease patients, providing a new biomarker for early diagnosis.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Laurie-Anne Sapey-Triomphe, Lauren Pattyn, Veith Weilnhammer, Philipp Sterzer, Johan Wagemans
Summary: This study reveals that predictive mechanisms have an impact on behavior and perception at the neural level in both neurotypical and autistic adults, and are hierarchically encoded in the brain. These findings help to understand the neural specificities of atypical predictive processing in autism spectrum disorders.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Michela Antonelli, Rose S. Penfold, Liane Dos Santos Canas, Carole Sudre, Khaled Rjoob, Ben Murray, Erika Molteni, Eric Kerfoot, Nathan Cheetham, Juan Capdevila Pujol, Lorenzo Polidori, Anna May, Jonathan Wolf, Marc Modat, Tim Spector, Alexander Hammers, Sebastien Ourselin, Claire Steves
Summary: This study describes the characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 illness following a third vaccination and assesses the risk of progression to symptomatic disease in SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals with time since vaccination. The results suggest that a third dose of monovalent vaccine may reduce symptoms, severity, and duration of SARS-CoV-2 infection following vaccination.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Guillaume Corda-D'Incan, Julia A. Schnabel, Alexander Hammers, Andrew J. Reader
Summary: We propose a new approach for deep learned joint PET-MR image reconstruction using a joint regularizer, which shows better performance compared to conventional synergistic methods and independent deep learned reconstruction methods. The investigation of loss function selection and the exploration of the impact of joint reconstruction on MR reconstruction are also conducted.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON RADIATION AND PLASMA MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Laurie-Anne Sapey-Triomphe, Gatan Sanchez, Marie-Anne Henaff, Sandrine Sonie, Christina Schmitz, Jeremie Mattout
Summary: This study investigates the implicit dynamics of sensory adaptation and perceptual learning in autistic adults using tactile behavioral tasks and computational modeling. The findings suggest that autistic adults show no difference in average performance and sensory sensitivity compared to neurotypicals, but they exhibit differences in adaptation, possibly due to a higher expectation for sameness.
NPJ SCIENCE OF LEARNING
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Sameer Omer Jin, Ines Merida, Ioannis Stavropoulos, Robert D. C. Elwes, Tanya Lam, Eric Guedj, Nadine Girard, Nicolas Costes, Alexander Hammers
Summary: This study compared two different databases of [F-18]FDG PET data and achieved a higher abnormality detection rate by adjusting spatial resolution and global values. The results demonstrate the importance of increasing database size and overcoming database differences, which can be applicable to traditional statistical analysis or machine learning, as well as clinical implementation.