Article
Neurosciences
Ainhoa Insausti-Delgado, Eduardo Lopez-Larraz, Jason Omedes, Ander Ramos-Murguialday
Summary: Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) can modulate brain activity and have a significant impact on sensorimotor activity. Different intensities of NMES lead to changes in brain activity modulation, while dose also influences the modulation of sensorimotor activity.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Laura J. Arendsen, Robert Guggenberger, Manuela Zimmer, Tobias Weigl, Alireza Gharabaghi
Summary: Low-frequency peripheral electrical stimulation using a matrix electrode modulates spinal nociceptive pathways, with potential effects on cortical oscillatory activity. Motor imagery may influence the effects of PEMS on beta activity. Brain state-dependent PEMS could be a novel approach for the treatment of chronic pain, but further studies are needed to determine optimal stimulation conditions for pain reduction.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Orthopedics
Isabel de Almeida Paz, Graciane Taglian Rigo, Amanda Sgarioni, Bruno Manfredini Baroni, Viviane Bortoluzzi Frasson, Marco Aurelio Vaz
Summary: The study found that under submaximal contraction level, PC is more effective than AC in generating muscle fatigue, while there is no significant difference in discomfort level between the two.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yang Bai, Paolo Belardinelli, Ulf Ziemann
Summary: This study revealed the effects of oscillatory activity in the bihemispheric sensorimotor network on TMS-evoked EEG responses, expanding previous findings on the relevance of distributed network oscillatory states in determining cortical responsiveness to external stimuli.
Article
Neurosciences
Na Cao, Atsushi Sasaki, Akiko Yuasa, Milos R. Popovic, Matija Milosevic, Kimitaka Nakazawa
Summary: This study examined the optimal parameters for neuromodulation using combined rTMS and NMES. The results showed that corticospinal excitability was increased after the intervention with concurrent 50 Hz NMES and iTBS, but returned to baseline within 10 minutes. Short-duration concurrent and synchronized stimulation can effectively modulate corticospinal excitability.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Michael S. Beauchamp, William H. Bosking, Denise Oswalt, Daniel Yoshor
Summary: The study successfully implanted an electrode array with 96 penetrating electrodes in the visual cortex of a blind patient, allowing the patient to perceive visual patterns created by passing current through array electrodes. Penetrating electrodes require less current to create a visual percept compared to electrodes resting on the cortical surface, but patterned electrical stimulation often fails to produce the expected percept, necessitating further research to understand the relationship between stimulus and perception.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
A. Mark Hays, J. Rachel Smith, Babitha Haridas, Christopher Coogan, E. Nathan Crone, Y. Joon Kang
Summary: This study investigated optimal stimulation parameters for elicit-ing cortico-cortical evoked potentials (CCEPs) to map functional and epileptogenic networks by studying 13 patients with refractory epilepsy. It was found that at least 2-4 mA is needed to differentiate between non-responsive and responsive sites, while 6-7 mA of stimulation current is needed to maximize amplitude and spatial distribution of N1 responses and stabilize waveform morphology.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Michal Elboim-Gabyzon, Yara Awad
Summary: Insertion of an IPI within the biphasic current during stimulation of the wrist muscle yielded no advantage in term of contraction strength or degree of discomfort. These results contradict previous studies indicating stronger contractions when an IPI is inserted during stimulation at a predetermined submaximal current intensity.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mark A. Hays, Rachel J. Smith, Yujing Wang, Christopher Coogan, Sridevi V. Sarma, Nathan E. Crone, Joon Y. Kang
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the effect of single pulse electrical stimulation (SPES) on the ability to localize seizure onset zone (SOZ) using cortico-cortical evoked potentials (CCEPs). Fifteen drug-resistant epilepsy patients underwent intracranial EEG monitoring and SPES with titrations of stimulation intensity. The results showed that stimulation intensity affected the discriminability of SOZ and non-seizure onset zone (nSOZ), and differences in CCEP amplitude over a range of current intensities can improve the localization of epileptogenic sites.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marshall A. Trout, Abigail T. Harrison, Mark R. Brinton, Jacob A. George
Summary: Most neural stimulators lack the compliance voltage required for transcutaneous stimulation, whereas few high compliance voltage stimulators are bulky and not portable. To overcome this, a portable, programmable, multichannel, noninvasive neural stimulator has been designed and validated, capable of generating custom bipolar waveforms at +/-150V with high temporal resolution. The stimulator has been tested on a benchtop and a healthy population, proving its effectiveness for sensory and motor stimulation. This development and validation offer an important advancement in the accessibility and use of neural stimulation for education and research.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yu-Kai Huang, Ana Rusu, Saul Rodriguez
Summary: This brief presents an integrated solution for over-current protection in neuromuscular stimulators. It provides a fast detection of single-fault conditions and a programmable current threshold for stimulation intensity monitoring. The proposed solution was designed in a 180 nm high-voltage CMOS technology with verified functionality through post-layout simulations. It occupies a small area of 0.286 mm(2), making it suitable for fully integrated NMES stimulators with patient safety.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mark A. Hays, Golnoosh Kamali, Mohamad Z. Koubeissi, Sridevi Sarma, Nathan E. Crone, Rachel J. Smith, Joon Y. Kang
Summary: This study systematically explored the effects of different parameters of single pulse electrical stimulation (SPES) on cortico-cortical evoked potentials (CCEPs). The results showed that the combinations of current intensity, pulse width, and charge interacted to affect CCEP amplitude, distribution, latency, morphology, and stimulus artifact amplitude. The optimal SPES setting was high current intensity, short pulse width, which elicited strong and consistent CCEP responses while minimizing charge.
Article
Neurosciences
Rebecca J. St George, Mark R. Hinder, Rohan Puri, Eliza Walker, Michele L. Callisaya
Summary: The study found that older adults exhibit a limit to PFC activity and increased postural sway at higher levels of balance task demand, while younger adults perform better under similar conditions. This suggests that PFC activity compensates for sensorimotor deficits in older adults to maintain stability, but reaches a cognitive resource limit in easier balance tasks compared to younger adults. Increasing cortical capacity in older people may improve their balance.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yao Cui, Fang Cong, Fubiao Huang, Ming Zeng, Ruxiu Yan
Summary: The study aimed to explore the cortical activation patterns induced by NMES synchronized with rehabilitation strategies based on MNS, namely NMES+AO, NMES+AE, and NMES+AI. The results showed that NMES combined with action observation, execution, and imitation activated the MNS, and the synchronous application of NMES and mirror neuron rehabilitation strategies is feasible in clinical rehabilitation. The observed fNIRS signal patterns could be utilized for the development of brain-computer interface and neurofeedback therapy rehabilitation devices.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Richard G. Carson, Alison R. Buick
Summary: Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) has proven to be useful in motor rehabilitation following brain injury, promoting sustained adaptations within central motor pathways and ultimately increasing functional capacity. Understanding the mechanisms of adaptation can inform neurorehabilitation practice and provide a means of studying CNS plasticity at a systems level in humans. The fundamental aspects of NMES, along with adjuvant techniques, play a crucial role in enhancing therapeutic potential.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Meyi Duleme, Stephane Perrey, Gerard Dray
Summary: This study examines the frequency band modulations underlying working memory load and the role of executive control using scalp EEG data. The results show that decoding accuracy is higher for combined frequency bands compared to isolated frequency bands, and that there are transient changes in frequency band clusters during specific time windows.
COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Rehabilitation
Anna L. Hatton, Katrina Williams, Mark D. Chatfield, Sheree E. Hurn, Jayishni N. Maharaj, Elise M. Gane, Thomas Cattagni, John Dixon, Keith Rome, Graham Kerr, Sandra G. Brauer
Summary: This study investigated the immediate effects of wearing novel sensory-stimulating textured insoles on balance and gait in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). The results showed that wearing textured insoles reduced center of pressure (CoP) movement during standing and did not consistently improve gait compared to smooth insoles or shoes only. Walking barefoot led to poorer gait performance. The study suggests that stimulating the foot with texture could be a potential new treatment option for balance rehabilitation in pwMS, but further research is needed to determine who would benefit the most from textured insoles.
DISABILITY AND REHABILITATION
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Educational
Javier Pena, Makii Muthalib, Agurne Sampedro, Mafalda Cardoso-Botelho, Oihana Zabala, Naroa Ibarretxe-Bilbao, Acebo Garcia-Guerrero, Leire Zubiaurre-Elorza, Natalia Ojeda
Summary: Creativity is a fundamental human accomplishment, and the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) play important roles in controlling flexibility and persistence in the brain. This study found that applying electrical stimulation to the left DLPFC and inhibiting the left IFG significantly improved creativity scores. Overall, DLPFC-IFG stimulation resulted in higher scores in all tests of creativity.
JOURNAL OF CREATIVE BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Anna L. L. Hatton, Katrina Williams, Mark D. D. Chatfield, Sheree Hurn, Jayishni N. N. Maharaj, Elise M. M. Gane, Thomas Cattagni, John Dixon, Keith Rome, Graham Kerr, Sandra G. G. Brauer
Summary: Innovative shoe insoles designed to enhance sensory information on the plantar surface of the feet could improve walking in people with Multiple Sclerosis. However, a study comparing the effects of textured and smooth insoles found no differences in gait, foot sensation, and patient-reported outcomes. Further investigation is needed to explore optimal insole design.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nadeesha Kalyani Hewa Haputhanthirige, Karen Sullivan, Gene Moyle, Sandy Brauer, Erica Rose Jeffrey, Graham Kerr
Summary: Gait impairments in Parkinson's disease (PD) can be improved through dance interventions based on the Dance for PD® program. This study examined the effects of such an intervention on gait under different dual-task conditions and surfaces, and found significant improvements in spatiotemporal gait parameters. Further research is needed to determine the effectiveness of this program on a larger scale.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Rebecca Re, Ileana Pirovano, Davide Contini, Caterina Amendola, Letizia Contini, Lorenzo Frabasile, Pietro Levoni, Alessandro Torricelli, Lorenzo Spinelli
Summary: A high power setup for multichannel time-domain fNIRS measurements with high efficiency detection system was developed and fully characterized. It showed improvement in signal-to-noise ratio compared to previous devices and allowed acquisition of signals with sampling rate up to 20 Hz and source-detector distance up to 5 cm. A resting-state measurement on the motor cortex of a healthy volunteer was performed at a 4 cm source-detector distance with a 20 Hz acquisition rate. The power spectrum for cortical oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin is also provided.
Article
Biophysics
Maxence Lavaill, Saulo Martelli, Kenneth Cutbush, Ashish Gupta, Graham K. Kerr, Peter Pivonka
Summary: The Latarjet procedure is a surgical method used to stabilize the glenohumeral joint after anterior dislocations. This study aims to predict the changes in muscle lever arms, muscle forces, and joint forces following the Latarjet procedure using a computational approach. The results show that the Latarjet procedure leads to alterations in muscle recruitment and increased compression force, which contributes to the stability of the glenohumeral joint during planar motions.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Alessandro Scano, Rebecca Re, Alessandro Tomba, Oriana Amata, Ileana Pirovano, Cristina Brambilla, Davide Contini, Lorenzo Spinelli, Caterina Amendola, Antonello Valerio Caserta, Rinaldo Cubeddu, Lorenzo Panella, Alessandro Torricelli
Summary: Measuring muscle fatigue and resistance to fatigue is important in clinical research studies. In this study, the researchers used electromyography (EMG) to measure fatigue in patients undergoing rehabilitation after hip fracture surgery. They found that after 2 weeks of rehabilitation, the patients showed improved muscle strength without an increase in fatigue. These findings suggest the potential of using multifactorial instrumental assessments for evaluating patients' rehabilitation progress.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Stephane Perrey
Summary: While physical abilities are known to be important for elite sport performance, recent focus has shifted towards the role of cognitive processes. Noninvasive transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) has been found to modulate brain functioning and improve cognitive functions related to sports performance. However, more research is needed to fully understand its effectiveness and benefits, particularly in elite athletes. Modulating inhibitory control through tES over the frontal cortex may significantly enhance mental performance. Further studies are required to assess the long-term effects of tES as an ergogenic aid in conjunction with other cognitive training methods.
Review
Rehabilitation
Kannan Singaravelu Jaganathan, Karen A. Sullivan, Sally Kinmond, Sara Berndt, Steve Street, Catherine Haden, Jaimi Greenslade, Katie McMahon, Gary Mitchell, Graham Kerr
Summary: This systematic review found that unimodal exercise interventions are useful for treating postconcussion symptoms (PCS) in adolescents, with recommended exercise parameters including progressive aerobic exercise starting from 10 to 15 minutes at least 4 times a week at a starting intensity of 50% HR of the subsymptom threshold.
JOURNAL OF SPORT REHABILITATION
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Zaineb Ajra, Binbin Xu, Gerard Dray, Jacky Montmain, Stephane Perrey
Summary: The study proposes the use of shallow neural networks to analyze EEG signals in order to diagnose dementia at an early stage. The results show that the CNN-based models outperformed conventional methods and achieved an accuracy of 94.54% in the test dataset.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
A. Calcagno, S. Coelli, C. Amendola, I. Pirovano, R. Re, J. Medeiros, P. Carvalho, H. Madeira, A. M. Bianchi
Summary: In this study, EEG signals were analyzed from 11 experienced programmers to investigate brain activities during realistic programming and reading tasks. The results showed that both tasks were supported by modulations of the Theta fronto-parietal network, with parietal areas acting as sources of information and frontal areas acting as receivers. Realistic programming led to increased Theta power and changes in network topology, especially in the parietal area, suggesting task-related adaptation of the supporting network system.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL SYSTEMS AND REHABILITATION ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Lionel Rayward, Mark Pearcy, Graham Kerr, Peter Pivonka, J. Paige Little
Summary: This study investigates the influence of mattress stiffness on tissue compressive stresses during supine lying. Soft mattresses help relieve pressure, while firm mattresses increase pressure. These findings can guide the design of more comfortable sleep products.
CLINICAL BIOMECHANICS
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Psychology, Clinical
Karen Sullivan, Elysia Caltabiano
ARCHIVES OF CLINICAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Psychology, Clinical
Karen Sullivan, Kannan Singaravelu Jaganathan, Jaimi Greenslade, Katie Mcmahon, Gary Mitchell, Graham Kerr
ARCHIVES OF CLINICAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGY
(2023)