Article
Clinical Neurology
Marco Pisa, Tommaso Croese, Gloria Dalla Costa, Simone Guerrieri, Su-Chun Huang, Annamaria Finardi, Lorena Fabbella, Francesca Sangalli, Bruno Colombo, Lucia Moiola, Vittorio Martinelli, Giancarlo Comi, Roberto Furlan, Letizia Leocani
Summary: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is increasingly important in evaluating patients with multiple sclerosis, showing neuro-retinal changes indicative of inflammatory and disease burden. Subclinical optic nerve involvement and thinning of ganglion cell layer in eyes without acute optic neuritis are associated with greater disease burden, reflecting early disease phases.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Christopher Martin Allen, Ellen Mowry, Mar Tintore, Nikos Evangelou
Summary: Clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) is a single attack of inflammatory demyelination of the central nervous system, which can predict the development of multiple sclerosis. MRI scanning remains the most influential prognostic investigation during diagnosis, while multiple testing methods and medical history information also contribute to the diagnosis.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Shirin Mavandadi, Mehran Moghaddami, Ali P. Meysami, Mohammad A. Sahraian, Sepideh Paybast, Mahsa Ghajarzadeh, Farhad Golipoor Maemodan, Mohammad A. Nahayati, Amirreza Azimi
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) or clinically isolated syndrome (CIS). The results showed that TPE is a safe and effective second-line treatment for steroid-refractory relapses. The most common complications included hypotension, skin reaction, hemoglobin loss, and hypokalemia.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lukas Haider, Ferran Prados, Karen Chung, Olivia Goodkin, Baris Kanber, Carole Sudre, Marios Yiannakas, Rebecca S. Samson, Stephanie Mangesius, Alan J. Thompson, Claudia A. M. Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott, Olga Ciccarelli, Declan T. Chard, Frederik Barkhof
Summary: The study found that after 30 years, the greatest differences in MRI measures between SPMS and RRMS were the higher number of cortical lesions in SPMS and the lower grey matter volume in SPMS. This suggests that cortical involvement, in terms of lesions and atrophy, is the main correlate of progressive disease and disability in individuals with very long follow-up, indicating it should be the target of therapeutic interventions.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Maria Petracca, Gary Cutter, Sirio Cocozza, Leorah Freeman, John Kangarlu, Monica Margoni, Matteo Moro, Stephen Krieger, Mohamed Mounir El Mendili, Amgad Droby, Jerry S. Wolinsky, Fred Lublin, Matilde Inglese
Summary: In patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, higher baseline Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score and higher volume of supratentorial and cerebellar T2 lesions are associated with manual dexterity worsening over time. Additionally, older age, lower baseline EDSS score, and higher volume of supratentorial T2 lesions are associated with confirmed disability progression.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kevin N. Alschuler, Daniel Whibley, Anna L. Kratz, Mark P. Jensen, Annette Wundes, Gloria von Geldern, Peiqing Qian, Charles H. Bombardier, Dawn M. Ehde
Summary: The study found that in the first year post-MS/CIS diagnosis, the average QOL was high and stable, with only a few variables predicting baseline QOL and changes over time. This suggests that early assessment of certain factors can help predict current and future QOL outcomes for patients.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Milagros Hidalgo de la Cruz, Paola Valsasina, Sarlota Mesaros, Alessandro Meani, Jovana Ivanovic, Vanja Martinovic, Jelena Drulovic, Massimo Filippi, Maria A. Rocca
Summary: In the study, it was found that abnormalities in sub-regional thalamic resting state functional connectivity in clinically isolated syndrome patients were associated with clinical disability and evolved over time. Some patients experienced multiple clinical relapses, but the median EDSS score remained stable.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Renata Balnyt, Vaidas Matijosaitis, Ieva Celpacenko, Migle Malciute, Radvile Stankeviciut, Ovidijus Laucius
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the factors influencing the progression of CIS to MS. The results showed that diminished sense of vibration and proprioception, spinal cord MRI lesions, positive OCBs, and pathological BAEP test findings were more common in patients who developed MS. Diminished sense of vibration and proprioception, along with positive OCBs, were predictors of CIS progressing to MS. Older patients who developed MS tended to have more symptoms in general.
MEDICINA-LITHUANIA
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lukas Haider, Karen Chung, Giselle Birch, Arman Eshaghi, Stephanie Mangesius, Ferran Prados, Carmen Tur, Olga Ciccarelli, Frederik Barkhof, Declan Chard
Summary: The study found that brain regional atrophy within the first 5 years following a clinically isolated syndrome predicts the risk of developing progressive multiple sclerosis or experiencing related death 30 years later, as well as disability 25 years later.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Steven C. Pike, Francesca Gilli, Andrew R. Pachner
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a clinically heterogeneous disease and it is currently difficult to identify patients who may benefit from earlier interventions. Previous data showed that the CXCL13 index (I-CXCL13) can predict future disease activity in MS patients two years after diagnosis. This study confirms that the predictive ability of I-CXCL13 extends to CIS and RIS patients for at least five years, suggesting its potential use in guiding immunomodulatory therapy in MS.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Maria-Eleftheria Evangelopoulos, Georgios Koutsis, Fotini Boufidou, Manolis Markianos
Summary: Cholesterol levels may be associated with disease characteristics in multiple sclerosis, particularly with demyelination and immune response. This study found lower levels of plasma and cerebrospinal fluid cholesterol in patients with multiple sclerosis. Patients with positive oligoclonal bands had even lower cerebrospinal fluid cholesterol levels, which may be related to disease progression and enhanced humoral immune response.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Klaus Berek, Gabriel Bsteh, Michael Auer, Franziska Di Pauli, Anne Zinganell, Thomas Berger, Florian Deisenhammer, Harald Hegen
Summary: The study found that the CSF parameters in MS patients varied across disease courses, with less frequent blood-CSF-barrier dysfunction and intrathecal IgA/IgM synthesis when the novel RL were applied.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Massimiliano Calabrese, Damiano Marastoni, Francesco Crescenzo, Antonio Scalfari
Summary: This review discusses the challenges in diagnosing patients with the first demyelinating attack or RIS, focusing on the updated diagnostic criteria, considering neuroinflammatory conditions in the differential diagnosis, and identifying factors that predict MS development. Accurate interpretation of demyelinating attacks, MRI results, and the importance of cerebrospinal fluid examination are emphasized for an early and precise MS diagnosis to start timely disease-modifying therapy and improve long-term outcomes.
CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Victor Chavarria, Guillermo Espinosa-Ramirez, Julio Sotelo, Jose Flores-Rivera, Omar Anguiano, Ana Campos Hernandez, Edgar Daniel Guzman-Rios, Aleli Salazar, Graciela Ordonez, Benjamin Pineda
Summary: This study investigates the predictors of conversion from Clinically Isolated Syndrome (CIS) to Clinical Definite Multiple Sclerosis (CDMS) in Mexican patients. Motor symptoms, multifocal syndromes, and alterations of somatosensory evoked potentials were associated with conversion to CDMS. The presence of at least one lesion on magnetic resonance imaging was the main factor associated with an increased risk of conversion to CDMS.
ARCHIVES OF MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Edyta Dziadkowiak, Malgorzata Wieczorek, Mieszko Zagrajek, Justyna Chojdak-Lukasiewicz, Ewa Gruszka, Slawomir Budrewicz, Anna Pokryszko-Dragan
Summary: This study evaluated the changes in multimodal evoked potentials (EP) and cognition in patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) over a 3-year period and assessed the prognostic value of baseline findings for disease outcomes. The results showed that there were only slight changes in some EP parameters, while most parameters remained stable over time. Baseline ERP abnormalities were associated with the short-term conversion to multiple sclerosis (MS).
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)