Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sinisa Cikic, Partha K. Chandra, Jarrod C. Harman, Ibolya Rutkai, Prasad V. G. Katakam, Jessie J. Guidry, Jeffrey M. Gidday, David W. Busija
Summary: The study identified sexual dimorphism in mitochondrial metabolic protein profiles of cerebral microvessels, with females expressing more proteins involved in energy production, antioxidant defense, and fatty acid oxidation, while males had higher expression levels of mitochondria-destructive proteins. These differences may contribute to sex-dependent cerebrovascular and neurological pathologies.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luz Marina Sanchez-Mendoza, Carlos Perez-Sanchez, Sandra Rodriguez-Lopez, Chary Lopez-Pedrera, Miguel Calvo-Rubio, Rafael de Cabo, Maria I. Buron, Jose A. Gonzalez-Reyes, Jose M. Villalba
Summary: The study investigates the effect of sex on metabolic adaptations induced by overexpression of CYB5R3 and the modulation of key markers related to mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle. It was found that CYB5R3 overexpression leads to enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis and function, as well as increased mitochondrial abundance in skeletal muscle. These beneficial actions are predominantly observed in females, with differences in NADH levels and the abundance of cytochrome c and DRP-1. The results also show ultrastructural changes in transgenic females, including an increase in the number and size of mitochondria.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Hong Song, Loren P. Thompson
Summary: Chronic intrauterine hypoxia affects fetal heart development and mitochondrial function, and the response varies depending on gestational age and fetal sex. PGC1 alpha plays a crucial role in mitochondrial biogenesis. This study found that early-onset hypoxia increased fetal cardiac nuclear PGC1 alpha expression, while late-onset hypoxia had variable effects on PGC1 alpha expression and increased mitochondrial acetylation. Hypoxia also affected the expression and activity of other mitochondrial regulators such as SIRT1, AMPK, and SIRT3, with sex-dependent differences. Late-onset hypoxia posed a greater risk to male fetuses in terms of heart function and cardiovascular programming effects.
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
E. F. Sanches, T. M. Dos Santos, F. Odorcyk, H. Untertriefallner, E. Rezena, E. Hoeper, T. Avila, A. P. Martini, G. T. Venturin, J. C. da Costa, S. Greggio, C. A. Netto, A. T. Wyse
Summary: Swimming exercise during pregnancy can prevent mitochondrial dysfunction and improve spatial memory in offspring exposed to neonatal hypoxia-ischemia, with a sex-specific benefit for male rats, highlighting mitochondria as a potential therapeutic target for cognitive impairments in such conditions.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Shannon Lynch, James E. Boyett, M. Ryan Smith, Samantha Giordano-Mooga
Summary: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the US and worldwide, with identified sex-related disparities. Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a role in the disease, and sex hormones are involved in regulating mitochondrial function.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Partha K. Chandra, Sinisa Cikic, Melody C. Baddoo, Ibolya Rutkai, Jessie J. Guidry, Erik K. Flemington, Prasad V. G. Katakam, David W. Busija
Summary: This study reveals significant sex disparities in gene expression and canonical pathways of brain microvessels, with male microvessels showing differential expression in genes related to glycosylphosphatidylinositol and steroid synthesis, while female microvessels mainly involve respiratory chain and ribosome pathways.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Peshkova, Alexey Lychagin, Marina Lipina, Berardo Di Matteo, Giuseppe Anzillotti, Flavio Ronzoni, Nastasia Kosheleva, Anastasia Shpichka, Valeriy Royuk, Victor Fomin, Eugene Kalinsky, Peter Timashev, Elizaveta Kon
Summary: Osteoarthritis is a common degenerative joint disease, with females being more susceptible to its development and progression. Investigating the relationship between gender and OA, the study provides evidence of gender implications in the onset and progression of OA, suggesting future research directions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biology
Li-Fei Luo, Zi-Sheng Xu, Eman Abdelwareth Baioumy Elsayed Elgazzar, Hang Du, Dan-Yang Li, Xiao-Yun Zhou, Ze-Xia Gao
Summary: Misgurnus anguillicaudatus exhibits both sexual size dimorphism and polyploid size dimorphism. This study found that differences in energy metabolism and steroid hormone synthesis levels may play a key role in the growth dimorphisms observed. Fast-growing individuals (tetraploids, females) showed higher energy metabolism levels and lower abilities in steroid hormone synthesis and fatty acid degradation compared to slow-growing individuals (diploids, males). The differential gene expression analysis between different ploidy levels and sexes revealed potential regulatory genes involved in glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and fatty acid metabolism pathways. This suggests that metabolic differences may contribute to the growth dimorphisms observed in Misgurnus anguillicaudatus.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Haozhen Yu, Mujun Yu, Zhuang Li, Enhu Zhang, Heng Ma
Summary: This study identified mitochondria-related genes (Mito-RGs) in heart failure (HF) using transcriptome sequencing data. The key genes IFIT3, XAF1, RSAD2, and MX1 were found to be enriched in myogenesis and hypoxia, and immune cell analysis showed differences between HF and normal groups. It was also discovered that H19 and PCGEM1 may affect the expression of these key genes. Additionally, potential therapeutic drugs targeting the key genes were predicted and validated.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Hong Zhou, Cale Whitworth, Caitlin Pozmanter, Megan C. Neville, Mark Van Doren
Summary: The study shows that in Drosophila, the fruitless (fru) gene not only controls sex-specific development outside the nervous system, but its sex-specific expression can also be regulated by Dsx, providing a new mechanism for fru regulation.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Cecilia Diceglie, Gaia Maria Anelli, Cristina Martelli, Anais Serati, Alessia Lo Dico, Fabrizia Lisso, Francesca Parisi, Chiara Novielli, Renata Paleari, Irene Cetin, Luisa Ottobrini, Chiara Mando
Summary: Maternal obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are increasing globally, posing risks for both mothers and children. This study investigated the expression of antioxidant and autophagy-related genes in obese pregnant women with and without GDM. Results showed alterations in gene expression, suggesting a potential role of placental autophagy in metabolic pregnancy disorders and diabetes treatment.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Miyu Sugiyama, Takane Ozawa, Kunihiro Ohta, Kensuke Okada, Teruyuki Niimi, Katsushi Yamaguchi, Shuji Shigenobu, Yasukazu Okada
Summary: This study investigates the molecular basis of sexually selected exaggerated traits in broad-horned flour beetles. By analyzing the transcriptomic and functional characteristics of sex-biased genes, the researchers found that female-biased genes play a role in suppressing weapon structure development. Knockdown experiments targeting these genes further supported their involvement in the formation of male-exaggerated traits. These findings highlight the overlooked functions of female-biased genes in weapon development and suggest that the evolution of such traits involves the down-regulation of certain genes in males.
Review
Biology
Nicolas Perrin
Summary: Studies on two families of amphibians, Ranidae and Hylidae, show that sex-antagonistic (SA) genes do not play a significant role in the evolutionary dynamics of their sex chromosomes. Instead, neutral processes and deleterious mutations are found to be more central in driving the evolution of sex chromosomes in these groups.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Dong Gao, Junrou Huang, Genmei Lin, Jianguo Lu
Summary: This study used time-course transcriptome to explore gene expression profiles of yellow catfish in different gonad developmental stages and genders. Thirteen gonad development related genes were identified. The results provide crucial information on the molecular mechanism of gonad development in female and male yellow catfish.
Article
Biology
Shannon Rausser, Caroline Trumpff, Marlon A. McGill, Alex Junker, Wei Wang, Siu-Hong Ho, Anika Mitchell, Kalpita R. Karan, Catherine Monk, Suzanne C. Segerstrom, Rebecca G. Reed, Martin Picard
Summary: Using a high-throughput mitochondrial phenotyping platform, this study quantified multiple mitochondrial features among different immune cell subtypes in humans, revealing natural variations in mtDNA copy number, citrate synthase, and respiratory chain enzymatic activities in various cell types. The results showed that cell type distributions and contaminating platelets can confound mitochondrial measures. Age- and sex-related differences in mitochondrial features were observed, with age-related elevation in mtDNAcn often masked in mixed PBMCs. A proof-of-concept study in a single individual also demonstrated cell type differences and week-to-week changes in mitochondrial activities. Validation and mechanistic studies are needed to further explore these findings.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Joshua C. Kwekel, Vikrant Vijay, Tao Han, Carrie L. Moland, Varsha G. Desai, James C. Fuscoe
BIOLOGY OF SEX DIFFERENCES
(2017)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ravi K. Sajja, Mohammad A. Kaisar, Vikrant Vijay, Varsha G. Desai, Shikha Prasad, Luca Cucullo
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2018)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Noriko Nakamura, Vikrant Vijay, Varsha G. Desai, Deborah K. Hansen, Tao Han, Ching-Wei Chang, Yu-Chuan Chen, Wafa Harrouk, Barry McIntyre, Paul M. Foster, James C. Fuscoe, Amy L. Inselman
REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Varsha G. Desai, Taewon Lee, Carrie L. Moland, Vikrant Vijay, Tao Han, Sherry M. Lewis, Eugene H. Herman, James C. Fuscoe
TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY
(2019)
Letter
Reproductive Biology
Noriko Nakamura, Vikrant Vijay, Varsha G. Desai, Deborah K. Hansen, Tao Han, Ching-Wei Chang, Yu-Chuan Chen, Wafa Harrouk, Barry McIntyre, Paul M. Foster, James C. Fuscoe, Amy L. Inselman
REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
James C. Fuscoe, Vikrant Vijay, Joseph P. Hanig, Tao Han, Lijun Ren, James J. Greenhaw, Richard D. Beger, Lisa M. Pence, Qiang Shi
DRUG METABOLISM AND DISPOSITION
(2020)
Article
Toxicology
Varsha G. Desai, Vikrant Vijay, Tao Han, Carrie L. Moland, Bounleut Phanavanh, Taewon Lee, Kelly J. Davis, Levan Muskhelishvili, Kimo C. Stine, James C. Fuscoe
Summary: Research suggests that low doses of doxorubicin may lead to cardiotoxicity and subsequent cardiomyopathy. Experiments on mice showed that higher cumulative doses of DOX were associated with decreased cardiac function and increased cardiomyocyte apoptosis.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Medicine, Legal
Joshua A. Harrill, Mark R. Viant, Carole L. Yauk, Magdalini Sachana, Timothy W. Gant, Scott S. Auerbach, Richard D. Beger, Mounir Bouhifd, Jason O'Brien, Lyle Burgoon, Florian Caiment, Donatella Carpi, Tao Chen, Brian N. Chorley, John Colbourne, Raffaella Corvi, Laurent Debrauwer, Claire O'Donovan, Timothy M. D. Ebbels, Drew R. Ekman, Frank Faulhammer, Laura Gribaldo, Gina M. Hilton, Stephanie P. Jones, Aniko Kende, Thomas N. Lawson, Sofia B. Leite, Pim E. G. Leonards, Mirjam Luijten, Alberto Martin, Laura Moussa, Serge Rudaz, Oliver Schmitz, Tomasz Sobanski, Volker Strauss, Monica Vaccari, Vikrant Vijay, Ralf J. M. Weber, Antony J. Williams, Andrew Williams, Russell S. Thomas, Maurice Whelan
Summary: Omics methodologies are widely used in toxicological research, but face challenges in gaining widespread regulatory acceptance due to lack of transparency in data processing methods and standardization in reporting. To foster further regulatory use of Omics data, the OECD's EAGMST launched a project to develop guidance for reporting Omics data.
REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Toxicology
Varsha G. Desai, Vikrant Vijay, Taewon Lee, Tao Han, Carrie L. Moland, Bounleut Phanavanh, Eugene H. Herman, Kimo Stine, James C. Fuscoe
Summary: The study identified miR-34a-5p as a potential circulating biomarker for early-onset cardiotoxicity caused by DOX, with its expression altered before the onset of myocardial injury and correlated with cardiac expression. Administration of a cardioprotective drug attenuated miR-34a-5p expression in both plasma and heart, suggesting its potential as an early biomarker. Higher expression of miR-34a-5p in plasma and heart also indicated its potential as an early biomarker of delayed-onset cardiotoxicity.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Toxicology
Varsha G. Desai, Ana Azevedo-Pouly, Vikrant Vijay, Bounleut Phanavanh, Carrie L. Moland, Tao Han, Javier Revollo, Baikuntha Aryal, V. Ashutosh Rao, James C. Fuscoe
Summary: The present study found sexual dimorphism in cardiotoxicity induced by DOX, with more differentially expressed genes in males than females. The apelin-APJ pathway may play a critical role in sex-related differential DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Toxicology
Noriko Nakamura, Vikrant Vijay, Daniel T. Sloper
JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2020)
