Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Yiqing Zhao, Sunyang Fu, Suzette J. Bielinski, Paul A. Decker, Alanna M. Chamberlain, Veronique L. Roger, Hongfang Liu, Nicholas B. Larson
Summary: The study developed a machine learning-based algorithm for identifying incident stroke and determining stroke type, which performed well in an AF cohort and a general population sample. It demonstrated good generalizability and potential for adoption by other institutions.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Louise Rose, Lisa Burry, Meera Agar, Bronagh Blackwood, Noll L. Campbell, Mike Clarke, John W. Devlin, Jacques Lee, John C. Marshall, Dale M. Needham, Najma Siddiqi, Valerie Page
Summary: Through a rigorous process involving systematic review, qualitative interviews, and consensus methods, an international consensus was reached among stakeholders on a core outcome set for future trials of interventions to prevent or treat delirium in adults presenting to an acute care hospital. The core outcome set includes delirium occurrence and reoccurrence, severity, duration, cognition, emotional distress, and health-related quality of life.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Noman Dormosh, Birgit A. Damoiseaux-Volman, Nathalie van der Velde, Stephanie Medlock, Johannes A. Romijn, Ameen Abu-Hanna
Summary: This study aimed to develop and internally validate a prognostic prediction model for inpatient falls in older patients. Two prediction models were developed and evaluated using a large cohort of hospital electronic health record data. The study found that one of the models had better predictive ability.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Marguerite O. Canter, Yasas C. Tanguturi, Jo Ellen Wilson, Stacey R. Williams, Sylvia A. Exum, Hiren M. Umrania, Kristina A. Betters, Rameela Raman, E. Wesley Ely, Pratik P. Pandharipande, D. Catherine Fuchs, Heidi A. B. Smith
Summary: ICU delirium is a predictor of greater morbidity and higher mortality in the pediatric population. This study validated the Preschool Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU in neonates and young infants and found a delirium prevalence of 47% in this population, with higher rates observed among neonates (< 1 month old) and infants 1-6 months old.
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Yadong Liu, Zhenzhen Li, Ying Li, Ning Ge, Jirong Yue
Summary: This review evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of ultrabrief screening tools for delirium. The study finds that UB-2 and MOTYB have excellent sensitivity for delirium screening at an early stage, while the 4AT scale is the best recommended scale in terms of sensitivity and intentionality.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sunyang Fu, Guilherme S. Lopes, Sandeep R. Pagali, Bjoerg Thorsteinsdottir, Nathan K. LeBrasseur, Andrew Wen, Hongfang Liu, Walter A. Rocca, Janet E. Olson, Jennifer St Sauver, Sunghwan Sohn
Summary: This study developed and validated natural language processing (NLP) algorithms to automatically identify delirium occurrences from electronic health records (EHRs). The algorithms based on the standardized evidence-based CAM framework showed high accuracy and sensitivity in delineating delirium status.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
N. M. Weldingh, M. R. Mellingsaeter, B. W. Hegna, J. Saltyte Benth, G. Einvik, V Juliebo, B. Thommessen, M. Kirkevold
Summary: The study investigated whether a dementia-friendly hospital program improved detection and management of patients with cognitive impairment and risk of delirium at an acute-care hospital. Although the program did not significantly increase identification of patients with cognitive impairment, there was an increase in 4AT screening within 24 hours, implementation of non-pharmacological interventions, and a reduction in prescription of certain medications.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Nicolas H. Thurin, Pauline Bosco-Levy, Patrick Blin, Magali Rouyer, Jeremy Jove, Stephanie Lamarque, Severine Lignot, Regis Lassalle, Abdelilah Abouelfath, Emmanuelle Bignon, Pauline Diez, Marine Gross-Goupil, Michel Soulie, Mathieu Roumiguie, Sylvestre Le Moulec, Marc Debouverie, Bruno Brochet, Francis Guillemin, Celine Louapre, Elisabeth Maillart, Olivier Heinzlef, Nicholas Moore, Cecile Droz-Perroteau
Summary: This study illustrates how to conduct intra-database validation of case-identifying algorithms using reconstituted Electronic Health Records with practical examples. An independent validation committee reviewed the reconstituted EHRs to estimate the diagnostic performances of the algorithms with a high level of accuracy.
BMC MEDICAL RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Chan Mi Kim, Esther M. van Der Heide, Thomas J. L. van Rompay, Gijsbertus J. Verkerke, Geke D. S. Ludden
Summary: This systematic scoping review identified 8 different technology types and 14 strategies used in interventions for preventing and reducing delirium in a hospital setting. The interventions were found to have significant positive effects on delirium outcomes, with common elements including a multicomponent approach and addressing psychological needs of patients. The review highlights the potential of technology-based interventions when integrating the multidimensional needs of patients, offering opportunities for developing more effective strategies for delirium prevention.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Satoshi Osaga, Takeshi Kimura, Yasuyuki Okumura, Rina Chin, Makoto Imori, Machiko Minatoya
Summary: The performance of algorithms for identifying cases of severe hypoglycemia in Japanese hospital administrative data was evaluated in this study. By using health insurance claims data and Diagnosis Procedure Combination data, 61 different algorithms were developed to define severe hypoglycemia. The results showed that certain algorithms had moderate performance in identifying severe hypoglycemia cases.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Tamara G. Fong, Jason A. Albaum, Molly L. Anderson, Sara G. Cohen, Shauni Johnson, Mark A. Supiano, Philip E. Vlisides, Harley L. Wade, Lyn Weinberg, Heidi R. Wierman, Wendy Zachary, Sharon K. Inouye
Summary: The study team developed a modified version of the Hospital Elder Life Program (HELP-ME) for remote and/or physically distanced applications to prevent delirium. HELP-ME was fully implemented at four expert sites, achieving an overall adherence rate of 82%. It is recommended to test hybrid approaches and evaluate effectiveness in future work.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ashkan Dashtban, Mehrdad A. Mizani, Laura Pasea, Spiros Denaxas, Richard Corbett, Jil B. Mamza, He Gao, Tamsin Morris, Harry Hemingway, Amitava Banerjee
Summary: In this study, machine learning was used to classify chronic kidney disease (CKD) into five subtypes: early-onset, late-onset, cancer, metabolic, and cardiometabolic. These subtypes are relevant for predicting outcomes and informing interventions.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Daniel Leightley, Laura Palmer, Charlotte Williamson, Ray Leal, Dave Chandran, Dominic Murphy, Nicola T. T. Fear, Sharon A. M. Stevelink
Summary: Electronic healthcare records (EHRs) can be used for secondary research purposes but lack a widely accepted marker for identifying veterans' status in the UK. To address this, the Military Service Identification Tool (MSIT) was developed using a two-staged approach involving keyword rule-based identification and machine learning. The MSIT achieved high accuracy and performance in identifying veterans in a sample survey of a mental healthcare service.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Karen C. Schliep, Shinyoung Ju, Norman L. Foster, Ken R. Smith, Michael W. Varner, Truls Ostbye, JoAnn T. Tschanz
Summary: The study found that combining multiple sources of clinical health data can increase the sensitivity for identifying dementia patients, but also decrease the specificity. Medicare claims had the highest sensitivity for case identification among the data sources.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Qian Feng, Kathryn E. Tiedje, Shazia Ruybal-Pesantez, Gerry Tonkin-Hill, Michael F. Duffy, Karen P. Day, Heejung Shim, Yao-Ban Chan
Summary: This study introduces an algorithm to detect recent recombinant sequences without the need for multiple alignment. The algorithm is capable of handling a large number of gene sequences and remains effective in the presence of insertions and deletions. Applying the algorithm to analyze var genes of the malaria parasite, it is observed that sequences belonging to the same ups group or domain subclass recombine more frequently, and non-recombinant sequences are more conserved.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sanna Read, Bo Hu, Josie Dixon, Nicola Brimblecombe, Raphael Wittenberg, Carol Brayne, Sube Banerjee
Summary: Compared to individuals with intact memory/orientation, people with dementia or low memory/orientation reported more unmet needs and unrequired help. These challenges were particularly pronounced for individuals with poorer cognition and potentially in the early stages of dementia, and were associated with lower quality of life.
AGING & MENTAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Rachel J. Cullinan, Sarah J. Richardson, Alison J. Yarnall, David J. Burn, Louise M. Allan, Rachael A. Lawson
Summary: The study aimed to assess the accuracy of documentation of symptoms and diagnosis of delirium in medical notes of inpatients with Parkinson's disease. The findings showed that while documentation of delirium symptoms was common, over half of the cases did not have a documented diagnosis, and it was even less commonly communicated in the Primary Care discharge summaries.
ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA
(2023)
Review
Psychiatry
Katie Lupke, Nicola Warren, Andrew Teodorczuk, Sarah Steele, Uday Kolur, Anne Wand, Gail Robinson, Stephen Parker
Summary: This review aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in the treatment of delirium. The systematic review of 10 studies found mixed quality of evidence, with limited studies assessing the treatment effect and safety of ECT. The results suggested that ECT may have a positive contribution to the treatment of delirium, however, there is insufficient data to support its clinical use as a treatment for delirium.
ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Sarah Richardson, Rachael A. Lawson, Annabel Price, John-Paul Taylor
Summary: This article describes the challenges in clinical diagnosis and management of Lewy body disease (LBD) and delirium. Distinguishing delirium from LBD is particularly challenging as they share common clinical characteristics. The under and over diagnosis of delirium, as well as the under and over treatment of symptoms, can compromise the care and safety of individuals with LBD. Clinicians currently have a limited set of evidence-based management options for delirium in the context of an LBD diagnosis.
ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Connor D. Richardson, Hannah Roscoe, Emma Green, Racheal Brooks, Linda Barnes, Fiona E. Matthews, Carol Brayne
Summary: The prevalence of loneliness among older people has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to before. Factors associated with prevalent loneliness include prior loneliness, living alone, being female, living in a deprived area, separation from family during the pandemic, and frequent pre-pandemic social contact at community groups. Weekly technology-mediated contact using telephone or video calls is associated with lower odds of loneliness.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Deborah L. O. King, Richard Henson, Rogier Kievit, Noham Wolpe, Carol Brayne, Lorraine K. Tyler, James B. A. Rowe, Kamen A. Tsvetanov, Cam-CAN
Summary: Cardiovascular ageing is associated with cognitive impairment, but the specific contributions of different cardiovascular factors to cognitive function are not clear.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Julia Schumacher, Nicola J. J. Ray, Calum A. A. Hamilton, Maurizio Bergamino, Paul C. C. Donaghy, Michael Firbank, Rosie Watson, Gemma Roberts, Louise Allan, Nicola Barnett, John T. T. O'Brien, Alan J. J. Thomas, John-Paul Taylor
Summary: This study used a diffusion tensor imaging model to study the degeneration of cholinergic projection pathways in Alzheimer's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. The results showed an increased free water content in the cortical cholinergic pathways in both diseases, which was associated with cognitive performance. The cholinergic pathway from the pedunculopontine nucleus to the thalamus showed increased free water content only in dementia with Lewy bodies, and this was related to visual hallucinations.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Communication
Ahmet Begde, Manisha Jain, Maria Goodwin, Carol Brayne, Linda Barnes, Rachael Brooks, Emma Green, Connor Richardson, Tom Dening, Thomas Wilcockson, Eef Hogervorst
Summary: Technology is seen as a solution for the aging population in the UK to improve independence and health. However, factors such as age, gender, access to technology, and physical health affect older adults' willingness to use memory assistive and ADL supportive technologies. Healthcare providers, policymakers, and technology producers should target older people, females, and those with less access to technology to promote healthy and independent aging.
INFORMATION COMMUNICATION & SOCIETY
(2023)
Review
Education & Educational Research
Daisy A. Wiggin, Benjamin Penic, Outi Sulopuisto, Annalisa Setti, Jana Mali, Andrea Stitzel, Raija Kuisma, Fatima Baptista, Panayota Sourtzi, Suzanne Timmons
Summary: A scoping review was conducted to identify learning needs and outcomes for an online master's programme in active aging and age-friendly society in Europe. The review found limited literature on student learning needs in healthy and active aging, with the majority of studies focusing on educational intervention objectives, learning outcomes, or curriculum content. Future research should focus on elucidating student- and stakeholder-determined learning needs and evaluating post-education skills, attitudes, and practice change.
GERONTOLOGY & GERIATRICS EDUCATION
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Lauren O' Mahony, Emma O' Shea, Eibhlis M. O'Connor, Audrey Tierney, Mary Harkin, Janas Harrington, Sharon Kennelly, Elke Arendt, Paul W. O'Toole, Suzanne Timmons
Summary: Functional food products can supplement a balanced diet for older adults by providing extra protein and fiber, supporting healthy aging and promoting favorable gut microbiota profiles. However, the texture, portion size, packaging, and ease of preparation need to be taken into consideration, without stigmatizing branding/presentation, while cost and availability are important factors. Sugar is perceived as the enemy while plant-based proteins are welcomed.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2023)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Sebastian Walsh, Richard Merrick, Carol Brayne
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Emma O'Shea, Aphie Rukundo, Kathleen Bennett, Geraldine Foley, Tony Wilkinson, Suzanne Timmons
Summary: This study examined the experiences of service access and use among Parkinson's disease patients in Ireland. The results showed that many patients waited for over a year to be diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. The majority of patients were diagnosed by neurologists, but they were not satisfied with the effectiveness of the medications they were currently taking. Additionally, there was a lack of Parkinson's disease nurse specialists and clinical therapies.
HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Emma Nichols, Richard Merrick, Simon Hay, Dibya Himali, Jayandra J. Himali, Sally Hunter, Hannah A. D. Keage, Caitlin S. Latimer, Matthew R. Scott, Jaimie Steinmetz, Jamie M. Walker, Stephen B. Wharton, Crystal Wiedner, Paul K. Crane, Dirk Keene, Lenore J. Launer, Fiona E. Matthews, Julie Schneider, Sudha Seshadri, Lon White, Carol Brayne, Theo Vos
Summary: This study aimed to harmonise neuropathology measures across multiple community-based autopsy cohorts and assess the prevalence, correlation, and co-occurrence of neuropathologies in the ageing population. The results showed that the co-occurrence of neuropathologies in older adults was strongly associated with dementia status, highlighting the complexity of underlying brain pathologies. Rating: 9 out of 10.
LANCET HEALTHY LONGEVITY
(2023)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Sebastian Walsh, Richard Merrick, Carol Brayne
