Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Benjamin R. Hanisch, William Cohen, David Jacobsohn, Xiaoyan Song
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of hospital acquired infections on mortality risk among pediatric HSCT patients and found that respiratory adenovirus infection and central line associated blood stream infection significantly increased the risk of death, highlighting the importance of preventing these infections to improve patient survival rates.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Fenghong Chen, Tao Lv, Yupeng Xiao, Aizhi Chen, Yonghong Xiao, Yunbo Chen
Summary: Escherichia coli is the most common pathogen in patients with community-onset blood stream infections. Most isolates of E. coli COBSI showed low resistance to most antimicrobial agents tested, and the mortality rate of patients was unrelated to the ESBL status of the isolates. The study revealed high diversity among the isolates, with multiple strains being related.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Allison Muller, Houssein Gbaguidi-Haore, Pascal Cholley, Didier Hocquet, Marlene Sauget, Xavier Bertrand
Summary: The study confirmed the predominance of the ST131 clonal group among ESBL-producing E. coli, and identified infection and community acquisition as two independent factors associated with ST131 ESBL-producing E. coli isolates.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kalvin C. Yu, Gang Ye, Jonathan R. Edwards, Vikas Gupta, Andrea L. Benin, ChinEn Ai, Raymund Dantes
Summary: This study evaluated the prevalence of hospital-onset bacteremia and fungemia, identified hospital-level predictors, and assessed the feasibility of using a metric for hospital-onset bacteremia and fungemia. The findings suggest that hospital descriptors, patient characteristics, community bacteremia and/or fungemia burden, and clinical blood-culture testing practices influence the rates of hospital-onset bacteremia and fungemia.
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Anselm Jorda, Cornelia Gabler, Amelie Blaschke, Michael Woelfl-Duchek, Georg Gelbenegger, Alina Nussbaumer-Proell, Christine Radtke, Markus Zeitlinger, Felix Bergmann
Summary: This study retrospectively compared the rates of community-acquired and hospital-acquired bacterial co-infections in patients with Covid-19 and influenza. The study found that the rates of these co-infections were similar in hospitalized patients with Covid-19 and influenza, contradicting previous literature.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Matthias Egger, Max Gornicec, Albert Woelfler, Anna Lena Lembeck, Christoph Tinchon, Manuela Maderdonner, Juergen Prattes
Summary: This study aimed to assess the local epidemiology of invasive fungal infections (IFI) associated with ibrutinib therapy. The results show that IFIs during ibrutinib treatment seem to be rare in the absence of additional risk factors for IFIs.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Silvia Gomez-Zorrilla, Federico Becerra-Aparicio, Inmaculada Lopez Montesinos, Enrique Ruiz de Gopegui, Inmaculada Grau, Vicente Pintado, Belen Padilla, Natividad Benito, Lucia Boix-Palop, Maria Carmen Farinas, Maria Penaranda, Maria Rocio Gamallo, Jose Antonio Martinez, Elena Morte-Romea, Jose Luis Del Pozo, Xavier Duran-Jorda, Jazmin Diaz-Reganon, Diego Lopez-Mendoza, Rafael Canton, Antonio Oliver, Patricia Ruiz-Garbajosa, Juan Pablo Horcajada
Summary: This study compared community-onset healthcare-associated bacteremic urinary tract infections (CO-HCA-BUTI) and hospital-acquired BUTI, focusing on multidrug resistances (MDR) and outcomes. The study found no significant differences in MDR rates, probability of receiving inappropriate treatment, or 30-day mortality between CO-HCA-BUTI and HA-BUTI, but CO-HCA-BUTIs were associated with worse clinical cure.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Bongyoung Kim, Jeoungyeon Kim, Hyun-uk Jo, Ki Tae Kwon, Seong-yeol Ryu, Seong-Heon Wie, Jieun Kim, Se Yoon Park, Kyung-Wook Hong, Hye In Kim, Mi Hyun Bae, Hyun ah Kim, Mi-Hee Kim, Yong-Hak Sohn, Yangsoon Lee, Hyunjoo Pai
Summary: This study examines the changes in characteristics of community-onset fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli isolates causing community-acquired acute pyelonephritis in South Korea. The results show an increase in antimicrobial resistance against cephalosporins, as well as the prevalence of ST131 and the presence of ESBL and/or PMQR determinants in the isolates from 2017-2018 compared to those from 2010-2011.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Tetsu Ohnuma, Shingo Chihara, Blair Costin, Miriam Treggiari, Raquel R. Bartz, Karthik Raghunathan, Vijay Krishnamoorthy
Summary: In patients with community-onset sepsis, the prevalence of blood culture-positive sepsis was 14%, and resistant organisms were infrequent. Blood culture-positive sepsis and nonblood culture-positive sepsis were associated with lower in-hospital mortality compared to culture-negative sepsis.
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Caiyun Chen, Ping Zhu, Yongxiang Zhang, Bo Liu
Summary: This study found that the new prevention and control requirements implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic had significant effects on community-acquired infections (CAIs) but not on hospital-acquired infections (HAIs).
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Emilie Dauvergne, Catherine Mullie
Summary: Copper and brass surfaces have been used for their antimicrobial properties to reduce bioburden and bacterial transmission in healthcare settings. The mechanisms of action involve direct contact and release of copper ions, causing oxidative stress and damage to bacteria. While laboratory studies show broad-spectrum activity, further research is needed to assess the long-term effects and impact on hospital-acquired infections.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jingjing Quan, Honglei Dai, Weichao Liao, Dongdong Zhao, Qiucheng Shi, Linghong Zhang, Keren Shi, Murat Akova, Yunsong Yu
Summary: The study investigated the etiology, prevalence, and related risk factors of ESBL in COUTIs in China, revealing that Escherichia coli is the most common pathogen and ESBL-producers are highly prevalent. Early prediction based on risk factors is crucial for appropriate empirical therapy against ESBL-producing pathogens.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Halima Dabaja-Younis, Wakar Garra, Yael Shachor-Meyouhas, Tanya Mashiach, Yuval Geffen, Imad Kassis
Summary: This study found that the incidence rate of SAB in Israeli children is stable, with hospital-acquired SAB being the most common type and MRSA mainly present in hospital-acquired SAB. Risk factors for hospital-acquired and healthcare-related SAB include central venous catheter, recent surgery, immunodeficiency, and age <6 years.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
T. Sevin, C. Daniau, S. Alfandari, E. Piednoir, C. Dumartin, H. Blanchard, L. Simon, A. Berger-Carbonne, S. Le Vu
Summary: This study analyzed antimicrobial prescription patterns for various healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in France based on 2017 data, highlighting the importance of tailoring treatments to specific pathogens and their resistance profiles. The findings underscore the need for personalized antimicrobial stewardship efforts in combating HAIs.
JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Giacomo Grasselli, Vittorio Scaravilli, Davide Mangioni, Luigia Scudeller, Laura Alagna, Michele Bartoletti, Giacomo Bellani, Emanuela Biagioni, Paolo Bonfanti, Nicola Bottino, Irene Coloretti, Salvatore Lucio Cutuli, Gennaro De Pascale, Daniela Ferlicca, Gabriele Fior, Andrea Forastieri, Marco Franzetti, Massimiliano Greco, Amedeo Guzzardella, Sara Linguadoca, Marianna Meschiari, Antonio Messina, Gianpaola Monti, Paola Morelli, Antonio Muscatello, Simone Redaelli, Flavia Stefanini, Tommaso Tonetti, Massimo Antonelli, Maurizio Cecconi, Giuseppe Foti, Roberto Fumagalli, Massimo Girardis, Marco Ranieri, Pierluigi Viale, Mario Raviglione, Antonio Pesenti, Andrea Gori, Alessandra Bandera
Summary: Critically ill patients with COVID-19 are at high risk for hospital-acquired infections (HAIs), especially ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and bloodstream infections (BSIs) caused by multidrug-resistant organisms. HAIs prolong mechanical ventilation and hospitalization, and those complicated by septic shock nearly double mortality rate.
Article
Hematology
Francesco Marchesi, Jon Salmanton-Garcia, Ziad Emarah, Klara Piukovics, Marcio Nucci, Alberto Lopez-Garcia, Zdenek Racil, Francesca Farina, Marina Popova, Sofia Zompi, Ernesta Audisio, Marie-Pierre Ledoux, Luisa Verga, Barbora Weinbergerova, Tomas Szotkovski, Maria Gomes Da Silva, Nicola Fracchiolla, Nick De Jonge, Graham Collins, Monia Marchetti, Gabriele Magliano, Carolina Garcfa-Vidal, Monika M. Biernat, Jaap Van Doesum, Marina Machado, Fatih Demirkan, Murtadha Al-Khabori, Pavel Zak, Benjamfn Vfsek, Igor Stoma, Gustavo-Adolfo Mendez, Johan Maertens, Nina Khanna, Ildefonso Espigado, Giulia Dragonetti, Luana Fianchi, Maria Ilaria Del Principe, Alba Cabirta, Irati Ormazabal-Velez, Ozren Jaksic, Caterina Buquicchio, Valentina Bonuomo, Josip Batinic, Ali S. Omrani, Sylvain Lamure, Olimpia Finizio, Noemf Fernandez, Iker Falces-Romero, Ola Blennow, Rui Bergantim, Natasha Ali, Sein Win, Jens Van Praet, Maria Chiara Tisi, Ayten Shirinova, Martin Schoenlein, Juergen Prattes, Monica Piedimonte, Verena Petzer, Milan Navratil, Austin Kulasekararaj, Pavel Jindra, Jiff Sramek, Andreas Glenthoj, Rita Fazzi, Cristina De Ramon-Sanchez, Chiara Cattaneo, Maria Calbacho, Nathan C. Bahr, Shaimaa El-Ashwah, Raul Cordoba, Michaela Hanakova, Giovanni Paolo Maria Zambrotta, Giovanni Zambrotta, Mariarita Sciume, Stephen Booth, Raquel Nunes Rodrigues, Maria Vittoria Sacchi, Nicole Garcia-Pouton, Juan-Alberto Martin-Gonzalez, Sofya Khostelidi, Stefanie Graefe, Laman Rahimli, Emanuele Ammatuna, Alessandro Busca, Paolo Corradini, Martin Hoenigl, Nikolai Klimko, Philipp Koehler, Antonio Pagliuca, Francesco Passamonti, Oliver A. Cornely, Livio Pagano
Summary: Patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who are diagnosed with COVID-19 are at high risk of death. The management of AML patients with COVID-19 has not been established. In our study, a significant number of AML patients receiving or having received AML treatment had severe or critical COVID-19. Chemotherapy was modified or discontinued in a substantial portion of patients. The mortality rate was high, and survival was better when AML treatment could be delayed.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Rosanne Sprute, Eva Van Braeckel, Holger Flick, Martin Hoenigl, Chris Kosmidis, Ritesh Agarwal, Jesper R. Davidsen, Christian B. Laursen, Oliver A. Cornely, Danila Seidel
Summary: This study aims to develop a scoring tool to quantify guideline adherence in the clinical management of CPA. A total of 27 recommendations were collected and weighed based on their strength and level of evidence. The EQUAL CPA Score is designed to be a comprehensive tool for measuring guideline adherence.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Branka Bedenic, Vesna Bratic, Slobodan Mihaljevic, Anita Lukic, Karlo Vidovic, Kresimir Reiner, Silvia Schoeenthaler, Ivan Barisic, Gernot Zarfel, Andrea Grisold
Summary: A study conducted in a COVID-19 hospital in Zagreb during November to December 2020 found a high rate of COVID-19-associated pneumonia with bacterial superinfections, primarily caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. Among the 118 patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU), 39% developed serious bacterial infections, resulting in a mortality rate of 70%. The predominant bacterium was carbapenem-resistant (CRAB) Acinetobacter baumannii. This highlights the importance of local epidemiology in determining causative agents and the need for infection prevention measures in overcrowded ICUs.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jon Salmanton-Garcia, Wing-Yan Au, Martin Hoenigl, Louis Yi Ann Chai, Hamid Badali, Ariful Basher, Ronja A. Brockhoff, Sharon C. -A. Chen, Ariya Chindamporn, Anuradha Chowdhary, Christopher H. Heath, Kausar Jabeen, Jaehyeon Lee, Madonna Matar, Saad Jaber Taj-Aldeen, Ban Hock Tan, Kenji Uno, Retno Wahyuningsih, Liping Zhu, Arunaloke Chakrabarti, Oliver A. Cornely
Summary: Invasive fungal infections pose a significant threat to patients in Asia/Pacific with malignancies, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, undiagnosed/untreated HIV/AIDS. Adequate access to diagnostic tools and antifungals is essential for IFI management and patient survival.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2023)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Jannik Stemler, Sibylle C. Mellinghoff, Yascha Khodamoradi, Rosanne Sprute, Annika Y. Classen, Sonja E. Zapke, Martin Hoenigl, Robert Krause, Martin Schmidt-Hieber, Werner J. Heinz, Michael Klein, Philipp Koehler, Blasius Liss, Michael Koldehoff, Christoph Buhl, Olaf Penack, Georg Maschmeyer, Enrico Schalk, Cornelia Lass-Floerl, Meinolf Karthaus, Markus Ruhnke, Oliver A. Cornely, Daniel Teschner
Summary: Patients with haematological malignancies are at high risk of invasive fungal disease. The German Society of Haematology and Medical Oncology has updated their antifungal prophylaxis recommendations, recommending continued antifungal prophylaxis for patients with long-lasting neutropenia and posaconazole as the drug of choice. There is insufficient data to give general recommendations for antifungal prophylaxis in patients receiving novel treatments for HM, such as CAR-T-cell therapy or novel targeted therapies for AML.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Martin Hoenigl, Matthias Egger, Jessica Price, Robert Krause, Juergen Prattes, P. Lewis White
Summary: Timely diagnosis remains an unmet need in non-neutropenic patients at risk for aspergillosis, including those with COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA). Currently available mycological tests show limited sensitivity when testing blood specimens. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) to detect microbial cell-free DNA (mcfDNA) in plasma might overcome some of the limitations of conventional diagnostics.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Martin Hoenigl, Jon Salmanton-Garcia, Matthias Egger, Jean-Pierre Gangneux, Tihana Bicanic, Sevtap Arikan-Akdagli, Ana Alastruey-Izquierdo, Nikolai Klimko, Aleksandra Barac, Volkan Ozenci, Eelco F. J. Meijer, Nina Khanna, Matteo Bassetti, Riina Rautemaa-Richardson, Katrien Lagrou, Kai -Manuel Adam, Emin Halis Akalin, Murat Akova, Valentina Arsic Arsenijevic, Avinash Aujayeb, Ola Blennow, Stephane Bretagne, Francois Danion, Blandine Denis, Nick Alexander de Jonge, Guillaume Desoubeaux, Lubos Drgona, Nurettin Erben, Andrea Gori, Julio Garcia Rodriguez, Carolina Garcia-Vidal, Daniele Roberto Giacobbe, Anna L. Goodman, Petr Hamal, Helena Hammarstrom, Cristina Toscano, Fanny Lanternier, Cornelia Lass-Floerl, Deborah E. A. Lockhart, Thomas Longval, Laura Loughlin, Tadeja Matos, Malgorzata Mikulska, Manjusha Narayanan, Sonia Martin-Perez, Juergen Prattes, Benedict Rogers, Laman Rahimli, Maite Ruiz, Emmanuel Roilides, Michael Samarkos, Ulrike Scharmann, Uluhan Sili, Oguz Resat Sipahi, Alena Sivakova, Joerg Steinmann, Janina Trauth, Ozge Turhan, Jens Van Praet, Antonio Vena, P. Lewis White, Birgit Willinger, Anna Maria Tortorano, Maiken C. Arendrup, Philipp Koehler, Oliver A. Cornely
Summary: The European Confederation of Medical Mycology (ECMM) collected data on candidaemia patients in Europe to assess the association between adherence to guideline recommendations and outcomes. The study found that following the recommendations can improve the survival rate of patients.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Matthias Egger, Angela Horvath, Florian Prueller, Peter Fickert, Malcolm Finkelman, Lisa Kriegl, Henning Gronbaek, Holger Jon Moller, Juergen Prattes, Robert Krause, Martin Hoenigl, Vanessa Stadlbauer
Summary: Liver cirrhosis, a systemic disease causing 1 million deaths per year, is associated with fungal translocation and its effects on gut integrity, inflammation, and liver disease severity/outcome. This study found a correlation between fungal translocation and markers of gut inflammation, as well as a significant difference in mortality between patients with positive versus negative fungal translocation. Further research is needed to understand the complex interactions and potential therapeutic interventions.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Review
Mycology
Johannes Boyer, Simon Feys, Isabella Zsifkovits, Martin Hoenigl, Matthias Egger
Summary: Despite improvements in treatment and diagnostics, invasive aspergillosis (IA) remains a devastating fungal disease with increasing cases around the world. The emergence of azole-resistant strains poses a new challenge for therapy. New drugs like olorofim, fosmanogepix, ibrexafungerp, opelconazole, and rezafungin are in late-stage development and offer potential new treatment options. Immunotherapy is also being explored as an additional therapy for IA. This review discusses current treatment strategies, potential new pharmaceutical options, and ongoing research in immunotherapy.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Matthias Egger, Romuald Bellmann, Robert Krause, Johannes Boyer, Daniela Jaksic, Martin Hoenigl
Summary: Invasive mold diseases require careful selection, dosing, and monitoring of antifungal drugs. Failure of initial antifungal therapy may necessitate treatment adaption, such as switching drug class or adding another drug for combination therapy. Currently, options for antifungal drug classes are limited, but novel antifungals with innovative mechanisms of action show promising results. These may expand options for salvage therapy in the future. This article outlines current recommendations for salvage therapy and future treatment options for invasive aspergillosis and mucormycosis.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Matthew E. Mead, Patricia Alves L. de Castro, Jacob L. Steenwyk, Jean-Pierre Gangneux, Martin Hoenigl, Juergen Prattes, Riina Rautemaa-Richardson, Helene B. Guegan, Caroline B. Moore, Cornelia Lass-Floerl, Florian Reizine, Clara Valero, Norman J. Van Rhijn, Michael J. Bromley, Antonis H. Rokas, Gustavo H. Goldman, Sara Gago, ECMM CAPA Study Grp
Summary: Secondary infections caused by Aspergillus fumigatus are a major cause of death in severe COVID-19 patients. Genomic analysis of 11 A. fumigatus isolates from CAPA patients in Europe revealed that CAPA isolates do not cluster based on geographic origin. Phenotypically, CAPA isolates are more similar to the A1160 reference strain, but differ from the Af293 strain in infection-relevant stresses. Further research is needed to understand the molecular epidemiology of CAPA and identify genetic factors contributing to copathogenicity and antifungal resistance in COVID-19 patients.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Stefan Hatzl, Lisa Kriegl, Florian Posch, Gernot Schilcher, Philipp Eller, Alexander Reisinger, Yvonne Grinschgl, Tina Muhr, Andreas Meinitzer, Martin Hoenigl, Robert Krause
Summary: Increasing the first loading dose of isavuconazole in critically ill patients with ECMO can result in higher plasma concentrations during the initial 24 hours of treatment. However, regardless of the loading dose regimen, all patient groups reached similar plasma concentrations in the subsequent treatment period.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Mycology
Martin Hoenigl, Jeffrey D. Jenks, Matthias Egger, Marcio Nucci, George R. Thompson II
Summary: In this study, we reviewed published cases of invasive fusariosis of the central nervous system (CNS) and found a high mortality rate among patients, with the majority being severely immunocompromised. Most patients received monotherapy with amphotericin B, but some were treated with voriconazole monotherapy or combination therapy with amphotericin B plus voriconazole.
Review
Dermatology
Jon Salmanton-Garcia, Ilana Reinhold, Juergen Prattes, Nico Bekaan, Philipp Koehler, Oliver A. Cornely
Summary: The growing threat of antimicrobial resistance is a global concern, particularly in the treatment of candidemia. The current recommendation of a minimum treatment duration of 14 days for candidemia is being questioned, and further research and clinical trials are needed to establish evidence-based guidelines.
Review
Dermatology
Zia Hashim, Alok Nath, Ajmal Khan, Mansi Gupta, Anup Kumar, Riksoam Chatterjee, Radha Krishan Dhiman, Martin Hoenigl, Naresh Kumar Tripathy
Summary: COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) is a highly lethal fungal infection, and glucocorticoids (GC) may be the main cause. This study found that systemic GC treatment increases the risk of CAPA development, especially with high-dose GC or dexamethasone treatment.
