Article
Biology
Margarita Pons-Salort, Ben Lambert, Everlyn Kamau, Richard Pebody, Heli Harvala, Peter Simmonds, Nicholas C. Grassly
Summary: This study investigates the global emergence of Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) as a cause of acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) in children. The results suggest that changes in virus transmission and population susceptibility may be contributing factors. However, the virus was already widely circulating before the AFM outbreaks, and other factors, such as an increase in neuropathogenicity, may be necessary to explain the emergence of AFM.
Article
Virology
Meik Dilcher, Julia C. Howard, Simon C. Dalton, Trevor Anderson, Richard T. Clinghan, Anja M. Werno
Summary: This article describes a small outbreak of aseptic meningitis caused by echovirus E30 in a New Zealand hospital in 2017. The outbreak involved nine cases, with most patients showing lymphocytic predominance in their cerebrospinal fluid. The VP1 genotyping revealed that the outbreak strain was closely related to strains reported from the US, UK, Brazil, and Denmark. Further analysis suggested that the causative agent of this outbreak might be a mosaic triple-recombinant enterovirus composed of echovirus E6, echovirus E11, and echovirus E30 genome segments.
Article
Virology
Shi-Huan Tang, Ying Yuan, Zheng-Hua Xie, Man-Jun Chen, Xiao-Di Fan, Yong-Hui Guo, Meng-Hui Hong, Shao-Hua Tao, Nan Yu
Summary: The study revealed EV-D68 as the predominant enterovirus type in hospitalized children in Guangdong Province, mostly belonging to clade B3. Most cases presented with pneumonia and bronchial pneumonia, with wheezing being more common in EV-D68 cases. Development of diagnostic tools is necessary for monitoring EV-D68 infections in China.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Jie Li, Zhichao Liang, Da Huo, Yang Yang, Renqing Li, Lei Jia, Xiaoli Wang, Chun Huang, Quanyi Wang
Summary: From 2009 to 2019, the number of EV71-associated HFMD cases decreased significantly in Beijing, with stable genetic characteristics of the virus. Beijing played a key role in the dissemination of EV71.
Article
Immunology
Yu-Ting Liao, Huey-Pin Tsai, Shih-Min Wang, Shun-Hua Chen
Summary: The study demonstrated that 6-OHDA treatment in EV71-infected mice increased the survival rate and decreased clinical scores. Additionally, 6-OHDA treatment resulted in decreased levels of NE, epinephrine, dopamine, and interferon-gamma in plasma. Furthermore, there were significant increases in certain immune cell populations in the peripheral blood and spleen after 6-OHDA treatment in infected mice.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Hannah C. Howson-Wells, Theocharis Tsoleridis, Izzah Zainuddin, Alexander W. Tarr, William L. Irving, Jonathan K. Ball, Louise Berry, Gemma Clark, C. Patrick McClure
Summary: EV-D68 was detected in 58% of the EV-positive samples from 193 patients in the UK. The virus showed extensive genetic diversity, with two subclades B3 and D1, suggesting unrelated infections. B3 was more common in children and younger adults, while D1 was predominant in older adults. Most EV-D68 positive individuals presented with respiratory distress, including cough, shortness of breath, coryza, wheeze, supplemental oxygen required, and fever. AFM cases and ICU admissions were associated with EV-D68 subclade B3. However, statistical significance could not be assessed due to the infrequency of severe infection in the cohort.
MICROBIAL GENOMICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Laura Pellegrinelli, Cristina Galli, Arlinda Seiti, Valeria Primache, Aurora Hirvonen, Silvia Schiarea, Giulia Salmoiraghi, Sara Castiglioni, Emanuela Ammoni, Danilo Cereda, Sandro Binda, Elena Pariani
Summary: Wastewater-based epidemiology was used to track the circulation of Enteroviruses during the Covid-19 pandemic in the Milan metropolitan area. The study revealed that the trends in viral RNA concentration in wastewater samples were consistent with the positivity rate in clinical samples, serving as an early warning of outbreaks. Multiple genotypes of Enteroviruses were detected in clinical samples.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Virology
Jacques Fourgeaud, Audrey Mirand, Justine Demortier, Laure Kamus, Louis Collet, Sophie Olivier, Cecile Henquell, Christelle Vauloup-Fellous
Summary: This study assessed the need for enterovirus and parechovirus diagnosis in Mayotte. The prevalence of enterovirus and parechovirus infections was found to be 14%, highlighting the importance of implementing this diagnosis to impact treatment and reduce the risk of antimicrobial resistance.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Temitope O. C. Faleye, Erin Driver, Devin Bowes, Sangeet Adhikari, Deborah Adams, Arvind Varsani, Rolf U. Halden, Matthew Scotch
Summary: A genotype C1-like Enterovirus A71 variant was found in wastewater in a neighborhood in Tempe, Arizona, circulating for over two years without its sequence being documented. The study emphasizes the importance of wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) as an early warning system for virus surveillance, especially in light of changes caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Article
Virology
Xiaohui Zhao, Huijun Yuan, Hang Yang, Yan Liu, Meng Xun, Xiaozhen Li, Tingting Fan, Bo Wu, Shangrui Guo, Hongliang Wang
Summary: EV71 is a common pathogen causing hand, foot, and mouth disease in young children, and it is associated with severe neurological complications. This study found that the ER-resident acetyltransferase NAT8 is a host factor for EV71 infection and promotes viral replication by interacting with viral proteins.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Natalia I. Romanenkova, Thi Thanh Thao Nguyen, Liudmila N. Golitsyna, Natalia V. Ponomareva, Nadezhda R. Rozaeva, Olga I. Kanaeva, Artem V. Leonov, Nadezhda A. Novikova, Maina A. Bichurina
Summary: In South Vietnam, a high proportion of enterovirus 71 (EVA71) was found in cases of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD), enteroviral meningitis, and acute flaccid paralysis (AFP). The majority of EVA71 belonged to genotype C4, while a smaller percentage belonged to genotype B5. This highlights the importance of surveillance, outbreak prediction, and vaccination to combat EVA71-associated infections.
Article
Virology
Yoke Fun Chan, I-Ching Sam, Elena Nayan, Xiu Hui Tan, Thinesshwary Yogarajah
Summary: The seroepidemiology study of Enterovirus D68 in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia reveals that older age groups have a higher seropositivity rate for EV-D68, especially post-September 2014. The low seropositivity rate observed in children aged 1-3 years suggests they are at risk for infection.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Virology
Lieke Brouwer, Giulia Moreni, Katja C. Wolthers, Dasja Pajkrt
Summary: Enteroviruses are highly prevalent worldwide, with Enterovirus B being the most detected species globally. Echo virus 30 is the most detected type, especially in studies conducted in Europe. Different Enterovirus types show distribution differences in different samples.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jing Sun, Yuanyuan Li, Zhi Yang, Qingfeng Fang, Biquan Chen
Summary: The introduction of EV71 vaccine has led to changes in the epidemiological characteristics and etiology of HFMD patients. The number of cases decreased gradually after vaccination, with significant changes in age distribution. The proportion of cases caused by EV71 and severe cases decreased significantly after vaccination. However, EV71 still remains a major pathogen in severe HFMD cases. There were no significant differences in epidemiological characteristics and enterovirus serotypes between unvaccinated and vaccinated cases.
Article
Virology
Kyousuke Kobayashi, Hidekazu Nishimura, Katsumi Mizuta, Tomoha Nishizawa, Son T. Chu, Hiroshi Ichimura, Satoshi Koike
Summary: Research showed that different clades of EV-A71 viruses exhibit varying virulence levels in different regions and times. Experimental evaluation of circulating viruses using transgenic mice helps assess potential risks and enhances understanding of viral virulence dynamics.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
V. S. Pokrovsky, A. N. Lukashev, G. Babayeva, S. Sh Karshieva, A. Yu Arinbasarova, A. G. Medentzev, M. Komarova, E. Lukasheva
Summary: Pharmacokinetic studies on L-lysine alpha-oxidase (LO) revealed its potential as a promising enzyme for further investigation as a potential anticancer agent, due to its antitumor, antimicrobial, and antiviral properties.
Article
Microbiology
Ceren Simsek, Victor Max Corman, Hermann Ulrich Everling, Alexander N. Lukashev, Andrea Rasche, Gael Darren Maganga, Tabea Binger, Daan Jansen, Leen Beller, Ward Deboutte, Florian Gloza-Rausch, Antje Seebens-Hoyer, Stoian Yordanov, Augustina Sylverken, Samuel Oppong, Yaw Adu Sarkodie, Peter Vallo, Eric M. Leroy, Mathieu Bourgarel, Kwe Claude Yinda, Marc Van Ranst, Christian Drosten, Jan Felix Drexler, Jelle Matthijnssens
Summary: Research has uncovered a diverse range of rotavirus A strains in bats, with some common bat RVA genotypes linked to atypical RVAs in human and animal populations, suggesting a potentially higher frequency of zoonotic transmission from bat rotaviruses than previously realized.
Article
Virology
Andrei A. Deviatkin, Yulia A. Vakulenko, Mariia A. Dashian, Alexander N. Lukashev
Summary: Rabies is a deadly viral zoonosis that is primarily spread through infected dogs. A systematic analysis of rabies virus in steppe and Arctic-like groups revealed rapid long-distance transmission events, mainly within Eurasia. This human-mediated long-distance transmission poses a significant threat and needs to be addressed.
Article
Microbiology
Olga E. Ivanova, Armen K. Shakaryan, Nadezhda S. Morozova, Yulia A. Vakulenko, Tatyana P. Eremeeva, Liubov I. Kozlovskaya, Olga Y. Baykova, Elena Y. Shustova, Yulia M. Mikhailova, Natalia I. Romanenkova, Nadezhda R. Rozaeva, Natela I. Dzhaparidze, Nadezhda A. Novikova, Vladimir V. Zverev, Lyudmila N. Golitsyna, Alexander N. Lukashev
Summary: Surveillance for acute flaccid paralysis syndrome (AFP) in children under 15 is crucial for the Global Polio Eradication Initiative. The identification of non-polio enteroviruses (NPEV) alongside polioviruses in stool samples of AFP cases has provided valuable insights. Enteroviruses A71 and D68 have been definitively linked to AFP, while the association of Enterovirus Coxsackie A2 (CVA2) with AFP is less understood. This study suggests that CVA2 may be a cause of AFP, highlighting the importance of AFP surveillance for both polio control and the study of uncommon AFP agents.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
E. A. Konorov, A. N. Lukashev, N. Yu Oyun
Summary: The study found that Aedes albopictus mosquitoes from Krasnodar have a higher Wolbachia infection rate than those from Sochi, and all Wolbachia strains identified belong to the wAlbB strain. Previous research has shown that this strain can increase egg hatching rate and fertility of mosquitoes in low temperature conditions. Additionally, the Wolbachia genomes from Sochi and Krasnodar differ in the allele frequency spectrum on certain genes.
RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Virology
Marina Beloukhova, Alexander N. Lukashev, Pavel Y. Volchkov, Andrey A. Zamyatnin, Andrei A. Deviatkin
Summary: Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are a useful tool for gene therapy delivery. They are currently classified into AAV A and AAV B species within the Dependoparvovirus genus, and further subdivided into 13 serotypes. However, serotype is not a reliable taxonomic category, and the classification needs improvement.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Olga E. Ivanova, Liubov I. Kozlovskaya, Tatiana P. Eremeeva, Armen K. Shakaryan, Alexander P. Ivanov, Olga Y. Baykova, Alexander Y. Krasota, Elena Y. Shustova, Aida N. Mustafina, Nadezhda S. Morozova, Makhtob S. Bobokhonova, Sergei E. Deshevoi, Aidar A. Ishmukhametov
Summary: The study traced the rapid evolution of a Sabin-like poliovirus in a child through repeated stool sampling, highlighting the importance of acute flaccid paralysis surveillance and high vaccination coverage.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Parasitology
Vyacheslav Yurchenko, Daniil S. Chistyakov, Lyudmila Akhmadishina, Alexander N. Lukashev, Jovana Sadlova, Margarita Strelkova
Summary: In this study, we reviewed historical and recent data on Leishmaniaspp. infection in several countries including Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Iran, China, and Mongolia. We focused on a complex of co-existing species and their shared reservoirs and vectors. Additionally, we analyzed the presence of dsRNA viruses in these species and discussed future research directions to understand the susceptibility of different Leishmaniaspp. to viral infection.
Article
Virology
Yulia A. Vakulenko, Artem V. Orlov, Alexander N. Lukashev
Summary: Noroviruses infect a wide range of mammals and are the major cause of gastroenteritis in humans. Recombination events between nonstructural (ORF1) and structural genomic regions (ORF2 and ORF3) were found in all analyzed genogroups of noroviruses, although recombination was most prominent between members of GII. The half-life times of recombinant forms of human GI and GII noroviruses were 10.4 and 8.4-11.3 years, respectively, and there was evidence of many recent recombination events.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Dmitry Kostyushev, Anastasiya Kostyusheva, Sergey Brezgin, Natalia Ponomareva, Natalia F. Zakirova, Aleksandra Egorshina, Dmitry V. Yanvarev, Ekaterina Bayurova, Anna Sudina, Irina Goptar, Anastasiya Nikiforova, Elena Dunaeva, Tatiana Lisitsa, Ivan Abramov, Anastasiia Frolova, Alexander Lukashev, Ilya Gordeychuk, Andrey A. Zamyatnin Jr, Alexander Ivanov, Vladimir Chulanov
Summary: CRISPR-Cas9 systems show remarkable anti-HBV activity by targeting the hepatitis B virus major genomic form, cccDNA. However, inactivating cccDNA alone is not enough to cure the infection, as HBV replication rebounds due to the de novo formation of cccDNA from its precursor, rcDNA. Depleting rcDNA before delivering CRISPR-Cas9 RNPs can prevent viral rebound and promote resolution of HBV infection. These findings lay the groundwork for developing a virological cure of HBV infection using a single dose of short-lived CRISPR-Cas9 RNPs, with the help of widely used reverse transcriptase inhibitors to block cccDNA replenishment.
MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sergey Brezgin, Anastasiya Kostyusheva, Natalia Ponomareva, Ekaterina Bayurova, Alla Kondrashova, Anastasia Frolova, Olga Slatinskaya, Landysh Fatkhutdinova, Georgy Maksimov, Mikhail Zyuzin, Ilya Gordeychuk, Alexander Lukashev, Sergey Makarov, Alexander Ivanov, Andrey A. Zamyatnin Jr, Vladimir Chulanov, Alessandro Parodi, Dmitry Kostyushev
Summary: Biological nanoparticles, such as extracellular vesicles (EVs) and extracellular vesicle-mimetic nanovesicles (EMNVs), have been extensively studied as drug delivery vehicles in medical applications. This study investigated the properties and drug delivery abilities of EVs and EMNVs, and analyzed their use for delivering the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin. EMNVs were found to be more effectively internalized, while EVs showed higher intracellular release of doxorubicin.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Sergey Brezgin, Alessandro Parodi, Anastasiya Kostyusheva, Natalia Ponomareva, Alexander Lukashev, Darina Sokolova, Vadim S. Pokrovsky, Olga Slatinskaya, Georgy Maksimov, Andrey A. Zamyatnin Jr, Vladimir Chulanov, Dmitry Kostyushev
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs), cell-derived biological nanoparticles, have gained significant interest for drug delivery due to their ideal biocompatibility, safety, ability to cross biological barriers, and surface modification potential. However, the translation of EVs into practical applications has been challenging due to issues in up-scaling, synthesis, and quality control methods. Advances in manufacturing technology now allow EVs to carry various therapeutic cargoes, and new technologies have been introduced to improve EV production, isolation, characterization, and standardization.
BIOTECHNOLOGY ADVANCES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Tatiana S. Novozhilova, Daniil S. Chistyakov, Lyudmila V. Akhmadishina, Alexander N. Lukashev, Evgeny S. Gerasimov, Vyacheslav Yurchenko
Summary: The evolution of Leishmania is influenced by clonality, sexual reproduction, and geographic isolation. Leishmania turanica populations in Central Asia can be mixed with other species or monospecific and isolated. Genetic analysis revealed no significant differences in the evolution of mixed and monospecific L. turanica populations. However, there were variations in large-scale genomic rearrangements, with genome translocations being the most prominent example. Additionally, L. turanica exhibited a higher level of chromosomal copy number variation compared to its sister species L. major, suggesting active evolutionary adaptation.
PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Dmitry Kostyushev, Sergey Brezgin, Anastasiya Kostyusheva, Natalia Ponomareva, Ekaterina Bayurova, Natalia Zakirova, Alla Kondrashova, Irina Goptar, Anastasiya Nikiforova, Anna Sudina, Yurii Babin, Ilya Gordeychuk, Alexander Lukashev, Andrey A. Zamyatnin Jr, Alexander Ivanov, Vladimir Chulanov
Summary: APOBEC/AID cytidine deaminases play an important role in innate immunity and antiviral defenses. Researchers developed a CRISPR-activation-based approach to induce APOBEC/AID overexpression and control its effects on HBV replication and cellular toxicity. The study highlights the potential for precise control of APOBEC/AID activation as a strategy for suppressing HBV replication without toxicity.
MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS
(2023)
