Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ramon A. Juste, Cristina Blanco-Vazquez, Marta Barral, Jose Miguel Prieto, Lucia Varela-Castro, Sandrine Lesellier, Dipesh Dave, Iker A. Sevilla, Ana Belen Martin Ezquerra, Hans Adriaensen, Gloria Herrero-Garcia, Joseba M. Garrido, Rosa Casais, Ana Balseiro
Summary: Badgers are a prominent reservoir for tuberculosis in Europe, and a study found that delivering an oral tuberculosis vaccine via food bait can partially protect wild badger populations. However, the efficacy of the vaccine may vary depending on the immune status and overall condition of the badgers at the time of vaccination. Further optimization of the vaccine strategy is necessary to reduce tolerization.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Rita Vaz-Rodrigues, Elisa Ferreras-Colino, Maria Ugarte-Ruiz, Michele Pesciaroli, Jobin Thomas, Teresa Garcia-Seco, Iker A. Sevilla, Marta Perez-Sancho, Rafael Mateo, Lucas Dominguez, Christian Gortazar, Maria A. Risalde
Summary: This study found that immunostimulant based on heat inactivated Mycobacterium bovis (HIMB) can improve the immune response in pigs, reducing respiratory symptoms and pulmonary lesions caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis (S. Choleraesuis) infection. Pigs immunized with HIMB showed higher cytokine production, lower levels of lipid oxidation markers, and higher activity of antioxidant enzymes.
VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Elisa Ferreras-Colino, Inmaculada Moreno, Christian Gortazar, Iker Sevilla, Irene Agullo-Ros, Lucas Dominguez, Ramon Juste, Maria A. Risalde, Mercedes Dominguez
Summary: This study found that oral immunization with heat-inactivated Mycobacterium bovis can limit the dissemination of Leishmania parasites and the development of hepatic granulomas in mice through stimulation of macrophages.
RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Erica Bravo Sales, Antonio Augusto Fonseca, Cristina Magalhaes Goncalves, Andrey Pereira Lage, Giovanna Ivo Andrade, Philip Noel Suffys, Harrison Magdinier Gomes, Natanael Lamas Dias, Jose Soares Ferreira Neto, Ana Marcia de Sa Guimaraes, Marcos Bryan Heinemann
Summary: The study evaluated the molecular typing of Mycobacterium bovis using the MST method and identified four types of genetic events in the isolates, supporting MST as an alternative method for genotyping. The data showed a high Hunter Gaston Discriminatory Index (HGDI) of 92.9%, and the method was found to be beneficial due to sequencing advantages and the availability of sequences in public databases.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Fatah Tazerart, Jamal Saad, Naima Sahraoui, Djamel Yala, Abdellatif Niar, Michel Drancourt
Summary: This study identified different genotypes of M.bovis strains isolated from cattle in Algeria, with no close relationship to previously characterized zoonotic M.bovis isolates in the country. Cross-border movements of animals and animal products play a role in the epidemiology of bovine tuberculosis in Algeria.
Article
Immunology
Weifeng Gao, Yurong Cai, Gang Zhang, Xiaoping Wang, Juan Wang, Yong Li, Yujiong Wang
Summary: This study used dual lipidomics to uncover the differences in lipid composition between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis, as well as the lipid metabolism responses in primary bovine alveolar macrophages infected by these bacteria. The results showed significant differences in various lipid categories between the two species and revealed distinct lipid metabolism responses in host macrophages. The findings suggest that the differential lipid compositions enable the successful colonization and development of the bacteria in macrophages through different mechanisms.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Iraia Ladero-Aunon, Elena Molina, Maddi Oyanguren, Diego Barriales, Miguel Fuertes, Iker A. Sevilla, Lucy Luo, Rakel Arrazuria, Jeroen De Buck, Juan Anguita, Natalia Elguezabal
Summary: This study demonstrates that oral vaccination can activate mucosal immunity, enhance neutrophil activity, and modulate extracellular trap release against pathogens, suggesting the presence of trained immunity. Additionally, oral vaccination induces rapid innate activation and adaptive immune responses that correlate with protection against paratuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis.
Article
Immunology
Giovanni Ghielmetti, Anne M. Kupca, Matthias Hanczaruk, Ute Friedel, Hubert Weinberger, Sandra Revilla-Fernandez, Erwin Hofer, Julia M. Riehm, Roger Stephan, Walter Glawischnig
Summary: This article reports three cases of M. microti infections in free-ranging red deer, with manifestations including pyogranulomatous pleuropneumonia and granulomas on the pericardium. Phylogenetic analysis revealed independent infection events without host-adapted genotype. Awareness of the pathogenicity and zoonotic potential of M. microti is important for personnel involved in bovine tuberculosis-monitoring programs.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Alberto Gomez-Buendia, Beatriz Romero, Javier Bezos, Francisco Lozano, Lucia de Juan, Julio Alvarez
Summary: The study found that strains belonging to different spoligotypes of Mycobacterium bovis may be associated with a higher risk of occurrence of visible/more severe lesions in the lungs and/or lymph nodes of infected cattle. The severity of lesions in infected animals may be influenced by the spoligotype of the strain.
BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Yongchong Peng, Xiaojie Zhu, Lin Gao, Jieru Wang, Han Liu, Tingting Zhu, Yifan Zhu, Xin Tang, Changmin Hu, Xi Chen, Huanchun Chen, Yingyu Chen, Aizhen Guo
Summary: This study aimed to identify the role of a novel protein Rv0309 in Mycobacterium tuberculosis in inhibiting the host inflammatory response and enhancing bacterial survival. Rv0309 was found to decrease cell wall permeability and suppress cytokine production through NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
C. Kanipe, P. M. Boggiatto, E. J. Putz, M. V. Palmer
Summary: The study found that BCG vaccination can reduce the number and size of tuberculosis lesions, decrease necrosis, and increase fibrosis in low-grade lesions. Vaccination has minimal impact on mineralization and density of multinucleated giant cells.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Maria T. Clausi, Lucia Ciambrone, Mariagrazia Zanoni, Nicola Costanzo, Maria Pacciarini, Francesco Casalinuovo
Summary: The study found that Mycobacterium bovis can survive and remain infectious for up to 23 days in wild boar meat. These meat products are usually consumed fresh after grilling, often cooked at temperatures that do not ensure complete inactivation of pathogenic microorganisms, posing a risk for humans to develop zoonotic tuberculosis.
Article
Microbiology
Estelle Kanyala, Yassir Adam Shuaib, Norbert Georg Schwarz, Soenke Andres, Elvira Richter, Bernard Sawadogo, Mamadou Sawadogo, Minoungou Germaine, Ouattara Lassina, Sven Poppert, Hagen Frickmann
Summary: This study conducted at slaughterhouses in Burkina Faso found a prevalence of 2.7% for bovine tuberculosis (bTB) suggestive lesions in slaughtered cattle carcasses. The predominant causative agent was identified as M. bovis, with other mycobacteria species also detected. The study suggests the need for further research to investigate zoonotic transmission of mycobacteria in the region.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Yuhui Dong, Xichao Ou, Chunfa Liu, Weixing Fan, Yanlin Zhao, Xiangmei Zhou
Summary: Mutations in the glpK gene in M. bovis can result in slowed growth and reduced drug susceptibility, posing a potential threat to human health.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Paul D. Kasaija, Marinela Contreras, Fredrick Kabi, Swidiq Mugerwa, Joseba M. Garrido, Christian Gortazar, Jose de la Fuente
Summary: Tick vaccines are crucial for the control of tick infestations and tickborne diseases. A recent study demonstrated the effectiveness of oral vaccination combining Rhipicephalus microplus SUB with heat inactivated Mycobacterium bovis (IV) for the control of cattle tick infestations. In this study, a controlled pen trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of an oral formulation combining R. decoloratus SUB with IV for the control of R. decoloratus and Rhipicephalus appendiculatus cattle tick infestations. The results showed that the SUB + IV formulation effectively controlled tick infestations through the activation of multiple immune mechanisms.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Irene Agullo-Ros, Debora Jimenez-Martin, Leonor Camacho-Sillero, Christian Gortazar, Lorenzo Capucci, David Cano-Terriza, Irene Zorrilla, Felix Gomez-Guillamon, Ignacio Garcia-Bocanegra, Maria A. Risalde
Summary: A novel recombinant myxoma virus (ha-MYXV) caused high mortality in Iberian hare in 2018. The virus was mainly detected in epithelial and myxoma cells in the skin, as well as in macrophages, lymphocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells in several organs.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mohan Gupta, Roji Raut, Sulochana Manandhar, Ashok Chaudhary, Ujwal Shrestha, Saubhagya Dangol, G. C. Sudarshan, Keshab Raj Budha, Gaurab Karki, Sandra Diaz-Sanchez, Christian Gortazar, Jose de la Fuente, Pragun Rajbhandari, Prajwol Manandhar, Rajindra Napit, Dibesh Karmacharya
Summary: This study aimed to isolate and test potential probiotics bacteria from the cloacal swabs of indigenous chicken breeds in the rural outskirts of Kathmandu valley, Nepal. Four strains of Lactobacillus spp. with potential probiotics properties were identified. Further research is needed to evaluate these strains for use as poultry probiotics feed supplements.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Patricia Barroso, Emmanuel Serrano, Antonio J. Carpio, Pelayo Acevedo, Joaquin Vicente, Christian Gortazar
Summary: This study aimed to assess the relationship between sex, age, and TB severity on the body condition of wild boar. The results showed that TB had only slight effects on wild boar body condition, and individuals with severe TB had better body condition. Age and sex were the main factors influencing the body condition of wild boar. Sampling population and season explained more variability in body condition than individual factors, suggesting the importance of external factors in the body condition and disease impact of this wild reservoir.
RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Rita Vaz-Rodrigues, Lorena Mazuecos, Margarita Villar, Jose Miguel Urra, Christian Gortazar, Jose de la Fuente
Summary: The aim of this study was to identify serum protein biomarkers for nutritional status to predict disease symptoms in COVID-19 patients before and after vaccination. Proteomics analysis revealed significant differences in serum proteins between pre-vaccine cohorts, with AGPs, CRP, and RBP increasing with COVID-19 severity, while albumin, TTR, and TF decreased. Immunoassay validated the results for albumin and RBP. In post-vaccine cohorts, the same pattern was observed for AGPs, CRP, albumin, and TTR, but TF levels were similar and RBP showed a slight reduction. Immunoassay validated the results for albumin, TTR, and TF. The study identified serum nutritional biomarkers that could predict COVID-19 prognosis and emphasized the importance of personalized nutrition protocols in managing the disease.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Musheerul Hassan, Shiekh Marifatul Haq, Muhammad Shoaib Amjad, Riyaz Ahmad, Rainer W. Bussmann, Jose Manuel Perez de la Lastra
Summary: This study investigates the utilization of invertebrates and herptiles by different ethnic groups in Jammu and Kashmir, India, and finds that there are variations in species utilization among different ethnic groups, with greater similarities between Kashmiri and Pahari populations. The study also highlights the importance of certain species for the livelihoods of the local population.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Celia Maria Curieses Andres, Jose Manuel Perez de la Lastra, Celia Andres Juan, Francisco J. Plou, Eduardo Perez-Lebena
Summary: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are expanded and dysregulated during various pathological processes, including cancer and COVID-19. They have the remarkable ability to suppress T cell and NK cell responses. The presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is associated with the presence of MDSCs in both cancer and COVID-19.
Article
Biology
Xander O'Neill, Andy White, Christian Gortazar, Francisco Ruiz-Fons
Summary: Tick-borne diseases are becoming a growing concern in global public health due to the geographical expansion and increase in abundance of tick-borne infectious agents. This study develops a model framework to understand the link between host density, tick demography, and tick-borne pathogen epidemiology.
BULLETIN OF MATHEMATICAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Javier Fernandez-de-Simon, Javier Ferreres, Christian Gortazar
Summary: The effectiveness of wild boar hunting is influenced by the number of hunting posts and the size of the wild boar group. Increasing the number of hunting posts and reducing group size would improve hunting efficacy and help conserve wild boar populations.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Guillermo Carmona, Tamara Burgos, Rafael Barrientos, Sara Martin-Garcia, Clara Munoz, Marta Sanchez-Sanchez, Javier Hernandez-Hernandez, Carlos Palacin, Pablo Quiles, Alberto Moraga-Fernandez, Victor Bandeira, Emilio Virgos, Christian Gortazar, Isabel G. Fernandez de Mera
Summary: Data on SARS-CoV-2 infection in wildlife species is limited. However, high prevalences found in mustelid species justify studying this virus in closely related autochthonous free-ranging European polecats. Analysis of lung samples from roadkilled polecats did not detect SARS-CoV-2 infection, but surveillance in wild carnivores and mustelids is still necessary due to their susceptibility.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Jose Manuel Perez de la Lastra, Celia Maria Curieses Andres, Celia Andres Juan, Francisco J. Plou, Eduardo Perez-Lebena
Summary: Phytochemicals from plant extracts are gaining popularity in food science and technology due to their positive effects on human health. Hydroxytyrosol (HXT) and arginine, both natural compounds, have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that may be beneficial in the context of COVID-19 and long COVID. HXT prevents oxidative stress and inflammation, while arginine modulates immune cell activity and reduces pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Further research is needed to fully understand their potential benefits in COVID-19.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Patricia Asensio-Calavia, Sergio Gonzalez-Acosta, Andrea Otazo-Perez, Manuel R. Lopez, Antonio Morales-delaNuez, Jose Manuel Perez de la Lastra
Summary: Fish have a non-specific immune response system, but they are less protected against diseases compared to other marine vertebrates. Piscidins, a type of antimicrobial peptide, have broader biological effects and potential for medical and aquaculture applications.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Rajesh Man Rajbhandari, Rajindra Napit, Prajwol Manandhar, Roji Raut, Anupama Gurung, Ajit Poudel, Nisha Shrestha, Amir Sadaula, Dibesh Karmacharya, Christian Gortazar, Paulo Celio Alves, Jose de la Fuente, Joao Queiros
Summary: In this study, whole genome sequencing was conducted on Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated from Asian elephants and a human in Chitwan, Nepal. The results showed that the strains belonged to different lineages and were not drug-resistant. This study provides evidence for bidirectional transmission between humans and elephants, highlighting the importance of a One Health approach to tuberculosis prevention and control at the human-animal interface.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jose de la Fuente, Agustin Estrada-Pena, Christian Gortazar, Rita Vaz-Rodrigues, Isabel Sanchez, Juan Carrion Tudela
Summary: This study used a citizen science approach to evaluate the risks associated with Lyme borreliosis (LB) and the implementation of control interventions in Spain. The results showed that factors such as age, gender, tick bites, disease clinical signs, comorbidities, health care services, and treatment effectiveness affect LB. The main conclusion of the study is the need for better surveillance, diagnosis, and treatment of LB and related comorbidities, as well as the development and implementation of new interventions.
VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jose de la Fuente, Lorena Mazuecos, Marinela Contreras
Summary: Ticks and tick-borne diseases are a global threat to human and animal health. Developing vaccines for tick control and pathogen transmission is still a challenge. Only two registered vaccines based on recombinant Bm86/Bm95 antigens have been commercialized for controlling cattle-tick infestations. However, new technologies and approaches are being explored for the development of vaccines and paratransgenic interventions to control tick-borne diseases.
TICKS AND TICK-BORNE DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Anna Didkowska, Elisa Ferreras Colino, Wanda Olech, Hugguette Gloddy, Krzysztof Anusz, Jose Antonio Infantes-Lorenzo, Christian Gortazar
Summary: This study screened the Polish European bison population for exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and Brucella spp., and found antibodies against both pathogens. These findings highlight potential threats to the European bison population.
VETERINARY MEDICINE AND SCIENCE
(2023)