Article
Immunology
Yuan Shen, Zhiguo Gong, Shuangyi Zhang, Jinshan Cao, Wei Mao, Yuan Yao, Jiamin Zhao, Qianru Li, Kun Liu, Bo Liu, Shuang Feng
Summary: This study investigated the role of NLRP3 in regulating the inflammatory response in E. coli infection-induced mice. The results showed that TLR2-deficient, TLR4-deficient, and NLRP3-deficient mice had reduced liver damage and decreased production of TNF-α and IL-1β compared to wild-type mice. Macrophages from NLRP3-deficient mice also showed reduced secretion of TNF-α and IL-1β in response to stimulation. These findings suggest that NLRP3 plays a critical role in the host inflammatory response to E. coli infection.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Alireza Karimollah, Anahid Hemmatpur, Nafise Hosseini, Mahdi Dehghan Manshadi
Summary: Tropisetron modulates immune responses through targeting TLR2, TLR4, and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways, promoting the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokines levels.
BASIC & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Toxicology
Pernille Hogh Danielsen, Katja Maria Bendtsen, Kristina Bram Knudsen, Sarah Sos Poulsen, Tobias Stoeger, Ulla Vogel
Summary: The study found that Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathways have a significant impact on the inflammatory response induced by engineered carbonaceous nanomaterials such as graphene oxide and multi-walled carbon nanotubes. However, the TLR2 and TLR4 pathways are not involved in the acute inflammatory response caused by carbon black exposure.
PARTICLE AND FIBRE TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Alireza Ghanavatinejad, Nesa Rashidi, Mahroo Mirahmadian, Simin Rezania, Mahdokht Mosalaei, Jamileh Ghasemi, Amir-Hassan Zarnani
Summary: This study investigated the immunomodulatory effects of 1,25(OH)2 D3 on endometrial cells. The results showed that 1,25(OH)2 D3 could reduce the production of certain inflammatory factors while increasing the secretion of others, highlighting its crucial role in maintaining endometrial immune homeostasis.
GYNECOLOGIC AND OBSTETRIC INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Dylan Sheerin, Christina Dold, Daniel O'Connor, Andrew J. Pollard, Christine S. Rollier
Summary: Our study using a mouse immunization model showed that gene signature specific to transgene product can be identified in the transcriptional response induced by adenovirus vectors encoding different antigens. The order of heterologous prime-boost combinations affects the magnitude of gene expression changes, with different vaccine regimens leading to distinct transcriptional responses. The characterization of early vaccine-induced responses provides valuable insights for the design of vaccine constructs for emerging infectious diseases.
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Dong-Lei Wu, Lin Cheng, Qin-Xiong Rao, Xian-Li Wang, Qi-Cai Zhang, Chun-Xia Yao, Xia Yao, Shan-Shan Chen, Xing Liu, Xei Song, Jia-Xin Zhou, Wei-Guo Song
Summary: This study systematically assessed the toxic effects of different concentrations of PFOA on zebrafish liver cells. It was found that PFOA inhibited cell viability and caused massive accumulation of autophagic vacuoles. Transcriptome analysis revealed significant changes in the expression of genes involved in autophagy, signal transduction, immune system, and other pathways. These findings provide a scientific basis for understanding the toxic effects and potential mechanisms of PFOA on zebrafish.
AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nima Nouri, Raquel Giacomelli Cao, Eleonora Bunsow, Djamel Nehar-Belaid, Radu Marches, Zhaohui Xu, Bennett Smith, Santtu Heinonen, Sara Mertz, Amy Leber, Gaby Smits, Fiona van der Klis, Asuncion Mejias, Jacques Banchereau, Virginia Pascual, Octavio Ramilo
Summary: The study reveals that routine vaccination of 2-month-old infants leads to highly variable but limited antibody responses, along with predominantly naive-like immune cells and robust and transient expression of interferon genes.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Sogol Alebouyeh, Jorge A. Cardenas-Pestana, Lucia Vazquez, Rafael Prados-Rosales, Patricia Del Portillo, Joaquin Sanz, Maria Carmen Menendez, Maria J. Garcia
Summary: This study investigated the transcriptional and lipidomic responses of Mycobacterium tuberculosis during growth arrest and iron deprivation. The results indicate that environmental iron levels play a key role in modulating the intensity of transcriptional adaptations during the transition between dividing and dormant-like phenotypes in vitro.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Ines Beilmann-Lehtonen, Jaana Hagstrom, Tuomas Kaprio, Ulf-Hakan Stenman, Karin Strigard, Richard Palmqvist, Ulf Gunnarsson, Camilla Bockelman, Caj Haglund
Summary: The study revealed that high tissue levels of TLR2, TLR5, and TLR7 were associated with better prognosis in CRC patients. Among low-CRP patients, high TLR2, TLR5, and TLR7 immunoexpressions were linked to improved prognosis, while in high CRP patients, high TLR4 immunoexpression was associated with better outcomes.
Article
Microbiology
Zachary E. Holcomb, Julie M. Steinbrink, Aimee K. Zaas, Marisol Betancourt, Jennifer L. Tenor, Dena L. Toffaletti, J. Andrew Alspaugh, John R. Perfect, Micah T. McClain
Summary: This study investigated the host response to different strains of Cryptococcus infection using BALB/cJ mice. The findings showed that the fungal burden and gene expression profiles varied between C. neoformans and C. gattii infection. The host response mainly involved immune function pathways, including complement activation and TH2-skewed responses. A gene classifier was developed to distinguish cryptococcal infection from bacterial infection with high sensitivity and specificity.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elisa Chludzinski, Johanna Klemens, Malgorzata Ciurkiewicz, Robert Geffers, Pauline Poepperl, Melanie Stoff, Dai-Lun Shin, Georg Herrler, Andreas Beineke
Summary: This study investigated the pulmonary immune responses of CDV-infected dogs using immunohistochemistry and whole transcriptome analysis. The results showed that the pulmonary immune responses were primarily driven by innate immune cells, and coincided with pathologic lesion development and high viral loads. Aberrant cytokine responses and impaired immune function were also observed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Danyel F. Contiliani, Joao Felipe C. de O. Nebo, Rafael V. Ribeiro, Marcos G. de A. Landell, Tiago C. Pereira, Ray Ming, Antonio Figueira, Silvana Creste
Summary: This study investigated the drought response of two sugarcane cultivars and found that 'IACSP94-2094' exhibited better water use efficiency and carboxylation efficiency compared to 'IACSP97-7065'. RNA-seq analysis revealed differentially expressed genes related to photosynthesis, transcription factors, signal transduction, solute transport, and redox homeostasis. The drought-tolerant genotype also showed a robust antioxidant system. These findings provide valuable insights for sugarcane breeding programs and understanding the genetic basis of drought tolerance and water use efficiency improvement.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Tilman E. Klassert, Martin Hoelzer, Cristina Zubiria-Barrera, Julia Bethge, Esther Klaile, Mario M. Mueller, Manja Marz, Hortense Slevogt
Summary: Neutrophils exhibit distinct transcriptional profiles and stress-related pathways in response to different fungal pathogens compared to bacterial pathogens, highlighting their functional diversity and adaptability. The transcriptional response is largely redundant across all pathogens in immune-relevant categories and cytokine pathway activation, but differences in the magnitude of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are observed, with Aspergillus fumigatus inducing a lower transcriptional effect. Specific gene signatures associated with cell death are differentially regulated by fungal pathogens, potentially increasing neutrophil susceptibility to autophagy, pyroptosis, and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. These findings provide valuable insights into the complex immunological responses of neutrophils during fungal infections.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jorge Aedo, Daniela Aravena-Canales, Ignacio Ruiz-Jarabo, Ricardo Oyarzun, Alfredo Molina, Gonzalo Martinez-Rodriguez, Juan Antonio Valdes, Juan Miguel Mancera
Summary: In this study, cortisol treatment in Sparus aurata promoted energy substrate mobilization in the liver and regulation of metabolism-related genes, specifically through genomic actions. In contrast, cortisol-BSA did not induce the same metabolic responses, suggesting that only genomic actions are involved in metabolic responses after three days of cortisol administration in fish.
Article
Neurosciences
Nicholas J. Burgraff, Nicholas E. Bush, Jan M. Ramirez, Nathan A. Baertsch
Summary: Death from opioid overdose is often caused by opioid-induced respiratory depression, which is characterized by its unpredictability. Studies have shown that the preBotzinger complex in the ventral medulla plays a crucial role in respiratory rhythm and OIRD, as it can assume different network states based on excitability and intrinsic properties of neurons. These network states can predict the effects of opioids on respiratory rhythmogenesis, either stabilizing or suppressing it based on the network state.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Chloe Bloom, Jukka Montonen, Olaf Jons, Elizabeth M. Garry, Surya P. Bhatt
Summary: This study aimed to investigate treatment switching patterns from first to second maintenance therapy among COPD patients in the US and UK. Results showed that the proportion of patients prescribed inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) was higher than expected based on guidelines in both countries.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Francesca M. Conway, Chloe Bloom, Pallav L. Shah
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Helen R. Stagg, Jennifer A. Thompson, Marc C. Lipman, Derek J. Sloan, Mary Flook, Katherine L. Fielding
Summary: This study aimed to determine the impact of regimen length, drugs, dosing, and nonadherence timing on the forgiveness of antituberculosis regimens. The results showed that shorter 4-month regimens were just as forgiving as the standard 6-month regimen and did not differ in terms of nonadherence tolerance. The study also found evidence of mediation by continuation phase dose-taking on the relationship between intensive phase dose-taking and negative outcome.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Akosua A. Agyeman, Tao You, Phylinda L. S. Chan, Dagan O. Lonsdale, Christoforos Hadjichrysanthou, Tabitha Mahungu, Emmanuel Q. Wey, David M. Lowe, Marc C. Lipman, Judy Breuer, Frank Kloprogge, Joseph F. Standing
Summary: Pharmacometric analyses of time series viral load data have greater power in detecting drug effects compared to single time point approaches. In analyzing Phase II-type viral dynamic data, different modeling approaches were compared. The study found that simple models should be considered for pharmacodynamic model development when analyzing viral dynamic data.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Letter
Infectious Diseases
E. McCormick, J. Brown, J. Barrett, C. Campbell, D. Creer, I. Cropley, D. Lowe, R. Moores, M. Lipman
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Molebogeng X. Rangaka, Yohhei Hamada, Trinh Duong, Henry Bern, Joanna Calvert, Marie Francis, Amy Louise Clarke, Alex Ghanouni, Charlotte Layton, Vanessa Hack, Ellen Owen-Powell, Julian Surey, Karen Sanders, Helen L. Booth, Angela Crook, Chris Griffiths, Robert Horne, Heinke Kunst, Marc Lipman, Mike Mandelbaum, Peter J. White, Dominik Zenner, Ibrahim Abubakar
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the effect of novel short-course rifapentine-based regimens for TB prevention and additional theory-based treatment support on treatment adherence. The study will recruit participants aged 16 to 65 who are eligible to start TB preventive therapy and will conduct a randomized controlled trial to assess the outcomes.
Review
Respiratory System
Chloe I. Bloom
Summary: This review summarizes the major lessons learned about asthma and the covid-19 pandemic, including susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe covid-19, potential protective factors, comparison to other respiratory infections, changes in healthcare behavior from the perspective of patients and clinicians, medications for treating or preventing covid-19, and post-covid syndrome.
Correction
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hyung Woo Kim, Sohee Park, Jinsoo Min, Jiyu Sun, Ah Young Shin, Jick Hwan Ha, Jae Seuk Park, Sung-Soon Lee, Marc Lipman, Ibrahim Abubakar, Helen R. Stagg, Ju Sang Kim
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Meyad Alkarni, Marc Lipman, David M. Lowe
Summary: Non-tuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease (NTM-PD) is a global health issue. Neutrophils are found to have a dual role in NTM infection: controlling the infection in the early phase but also contributing to disease progression. Understanding the roles of neutrophils in NTM-PD is crucial for developing preventive strategies and host-directed therapy.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND ANTIMICROBIALS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Tanmay Kanitkar, Oshani Dissanayake, Nicholas Bakewell, Maggie Symonds, Stephanie Rimmer, Amit Adlakha, Marc C. I. Lipman, Sanjay Bhagani, Caroline A. Sabin, Banwari Agarwal, Robert F. Miller
Summary: This study investigated the trend of in-ICU/in-hospital mortality among people with HIV admitted to ICU in a UK-based HIV referral centre from 2000 to 2019. The results showed a decreasing trend in mortality rates over time.
Editorial Material
Critical Care Medicine
Chloe I. Bloom, Ian M. Adcock
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Hazel Morrison, Felicity Perrin, Martin Dedicoat, Rizwan Ahmed, James Brown, Maria Loughenbury, Suman Paul, Miguel Souto, Richard Ward, Marc Lipman
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Pratima Chowdary, Banwari Agarwal, Maria Rita Peralta, Sanjay Bhagani, Simon Lee, James Goldring, Marc Lipman, Emal Waqif, Mark Phillips, Helen Philippou, Jonathan H. Foley, Nicola J. Mutch, Robert A. S. Ariens, Kathleen A. Stringer, Federico Ricciardi, Marie Watissee, Derralynn Hughes, Amit Nathwani, Anne Riddell, David Patch, Jim Buckley, Mark De Neef, Rahul Dimber, Cecilia Diaz-Garcia, Honey Patel, Aarti Nandani, Upuli Dissanayake, Nick Chadwick, Ahmed A. A. M. M. Alkhatip, Peter Watkinson, Eamon Raith, Suveer Singh, Tony Wolff, Rajeev Jha, Simon E. Brill, Ameet Bakhai, Alison Evans, Farhat Gilani, Keith Gomez
Summary: Nebulized recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) has the potential to improve lung injury and oxygenation in COVID-19 patients. Preliminary studies show better outcomes in patients receiving non-invasive respiratory support (NIRS). Randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm the clinical effects.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Respiratory System
Chris Wai Hang Lo, Swathi Pathadka, Simon Xiwen Qin, Lydia W. Y. Fung, Vincent Ka Chun Yan, Hei Hang Edmund Yiu, Chloe I. Bloom, Ian Chi Kei Wong, Esther Wai Yin Chan
Summary: This study systematically reviewed the neuropsychiatric events associated with montelukast, finding no significant association with suicide and depression events in asthma patients, but possible associations with anxiety and sleeping disorders, particularly in older adults.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Robert S. Wallis, Anne O'Garra, Alan Sher, Andreas Wack
Summary: This Perspective reflects on the historical development of host-directed immunotherapeutic interventions for viral and bacterial infections, and discusses their application to current approaches to therapy of SARS-CoV-2 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections.
NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)