Article
Psychology, Educational
Tony Xing Tan, Yanhong Liu, Victoria Damjanovic, Elyse Ledford, Gen Li, Yanzheng Li
Summary: The study found that behaviors of inattention pose a risk to academic competence, while the impact of hyperactivity/impulsivity behaviors on academic competence is more complex. In the study, behaviors of inattention alone and behaviors of inattention combined with hyperactivity/impulsivity accounted for a similar amount of variance in academic performance.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Anthropology
Sylvia Kirchengast, Alfred Juan, Thomas Waldhoer, Lin Yang
Summary: This study evaluates the secular trends in height and developmental tempo among Austrian young men using population-based data from birth cohort 1951 to 2002. The results show that while the mean height of conscripts increased over time, the rate of growth slowed down after the 1970s. Additionally, the difference in mean height between 17 and 18-year-old conscripts narrowed, suggesting that young men reached their final height earlier.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Caitlin G. Howe, Sara S. Nozadi, Erika Garcia, Thomas G. O'Connor, Anne P. Starling, Shohreh F. Farzan, Brian P. Jackson, Juliette C. Madan, Akram N. Alshawabkeh, Jose F. Cordero, Theresa M. Bastain, John D. Meeker, Carrie Breton, Margaret R. Karagas
Summary: This study conducted an environmental mixture analysis of metal impacts on fetal growth, pooling data from three diverse cohorts in the United States. The findings suggest that antimony may adversely impact fetal growth, while nickel has a positive association. Cohort and/or sex-dependent associations were also identified for other metals, indicating individual differences.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Deon A. Simpson, Claire Carson, Jennifer J. Kurinczuk, Maria A. Quigley
Summary: This study found that sociodemographic inequalities in breastfeeding continuation at 6 weeks persisted over the 25-year period. Mothers who were older, had higher education levels, or belonged to non-White ethnicities were more likely to continue breastfeeding at 6 weeks.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Miaobing Zheng, Kylie D. Hesketh, Peter Vuillermin, Jodie Dodd, Li Ming Wen, Louise A. Baur, Rachael Taylor, Rebecca Byrne, Seema Mihrshahi, David Burgner, Mimi L. K. Tang, Karen J. Campbell
Summary: This study investigated the pathways linking maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, infant birth weight, breastfeeding duration, and rapid weight gain during infancy to overweight outcomes in early childhood. The results showed that maternal pre-pregnancy BMI was directly associated with infant birth weight, child BMI z-score, and overweight status. Rapid weight gain in infancy exhibited the strongest direct association with child overweight outcomes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY
(2023)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Danielle Otten, Ana N. Tibubos, Georg Schomerus, Elmar Braehler, Harald Binder, Johannes Kruse, Karl-Heinz Ladwig, Philipp S. Wild, Hans J. Grabe, Manfred E. Beutel
Summary: This systematic review of three large ongoing cohorts in Germany revealed consistent results showing higher prevalence rates of internalizing disorders in women and more externalizing disorders in men. Risk and protective factors for mental health, including social factors, lifestyle, genetics, and biology, also showed gender differences, emphasizing the importance of focusing on sex-specific approaches in mental health research and prevention measures.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Ang Zhou, Bharathi D. Jagadeesan, Sean L. Moen, Andrew W. Grande, Pierre-Francois Van de Moortele
Summary: Effective vectors and approaches were proposed to identify the three-dimensional vortex motion in small intracranial aneurysms based on 4D flow magnetic resonance imaging at 7T. The study computed vortex identification vectors and scalar values using velocity vectors, and localized vortex motion centers using the proposed method. The results indicate the effectiveness of the method in characterizing vortices in small unruptured intracranial aneurysms.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Bate Bate, Junnan Cao, Chi Zhang, Na Hao
Summary: The study used spectral induced polarization to monitor enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation, showing that SIP is an effective nondestructive monitoring tool for assessing the stiffness of geomaterials.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Elzbieta W. Buczak-Stec, Andre Hajek, Alexander Pabst, Christian Brettschneider, Hendrik van den Bussche, Birgitt Wiese, Siegfried Weyerer, Jochen Werle, Andreas Hoell, Michael Pentzek, Angela Fuchs, Melanie Luppa, Margit Loebner, Janine Stein, Franziska Foerster, Dagmar Weeg, Edelgard Mosch, Kathrin Heser, Martin Scherer, Wolfgang Maier, Matthias C. Angermeyer, Michael Wagner, Steffi G. Riedel-Heller, Hans-Helmut Konig
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the frequency of professional home care usage and gender differences in Germany. The findings showed that women were more likely to use paid household assistance, while less likely to use meals on wheels' services. There were no significant gender differences in the usage of outpatient nursing care. Utilization of home care services was associated with health-related factors and walking impairments.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Hanna C. Gustafsson, Saara Nolvi, Elinor L. Sullivan, Jerod M. Rasmussen, Lauren E. Gyllenhammer, Sonja Entringer, Pathik D. Wadhwa, Thomas G. O'Connor, Linnea Karlsson, Hasse Karlsson, Riikka Korja, Claudia Buss, Alice M. Graham, Joel T. Nigg
Summary: Research suggests that high levels of infant negative emotionality may be important precursors to future ADHD, while the moderation by positive affectivity also warrants more consideration.
DEVELOPMENT AND PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Meg E. Fluharty, Rebecca Hardy, George Ploubidis, Benedetta Pongiglione, David Bann
Summary: The study found that socioeconomic circumstances in early and adult life are consistently associated with premature mortality from 1971 to 2016, highlighting the importance of addressing socioeconomic factors across the lifespan to reduce inequalities in survival to older age.
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Jack D. Shutt, Sophie C. Bell, Fraser Bell, Joan Castello, Myriam El Harouchi, Malcolm D. Burgess
Summary: Temperature at the territory scale plays an important role in determining the breeding phenology of birds. Different bird species respond differently to temperature, and territory quality and breeding experience also influence reproductive traits.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Keying Ma, Zeneng Sun, Yuanyuan Shao, Jesse Zhu
Summary: The bubble size and rise velocity were investigated in a pilot-scale bubble-induced three-phase inverse fluidized bed. The study found that the bubble size distribution is affected by bubble coalescence and breakup, and proposed a parameter to describe the distribution width. The average bubble size increases with the axial distance and gas velocity until reaching a relatively stable size. The radial distributions of the average bubble size are almost uniform but experience a decreasing trend near the column wall. The bubble rise velocity increases with the bubble size and gas velocity.
Article
Pediatrics
Josh M. Colston, Mami Taniuchi, Tahmina Ahmed, Tania Ferdousi, Furqan Kabir, Estomih Mduma, Rosemary Nshama, Najeeha Talat Iqbal, Rashidul Haque, Tahmeed Ahmed, Zulfiqar Ali Bhutta, Margaret N. Kosek, James A. Platts-Mills
Summary: Bifidobacterium longum subspecies detected in infant stool have been associated with subsequent health outcomes, and this study aims to explore the relationship between these subspecies and early-life exposures and outcomes. The results show a negative correlation between B. infantis and B. longum, with B. infantis associated with lower quantity and decreased odds of colonization with B. longum, and vice versa. Length at birth is positively associated with B. infantis and negatively associated with B. longum quantity at 1 month of age. B. infantis colonization is associated with fewer viral infections, but not with overall diarrheal disease risk. No associations with vaccine responses, histo-blood group antigens, or later nutritional status were found. Suboptimal intrauterine growth and shorter duration of exclusive breastfeeding may lead to early intestinal colonization with B. longum subspecies at the expense of B. infantis and deny potential benefits of reduced enteric virus episodes.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Kjell Helenius, Riitta Parkkola, Anita Arola, Ville Peltola, Maria K. Haanpaa
Summary: The article presents a rare variant of Noonan syndrome in a very preterm female infant, with abnormal radiological findings visible on fetal MRI and evolving brain lesions during infancy.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Aneurin Young, Tim J. Cole, Guo Cheng, Sarah Ennis, R. Mark Beattie, Mark John Johnson
Summary: This study compared weight gain in very preterm infants in England during two time periods and assessed factors influencing weight gain. The study found that weight gain was faster from birth to term equivalent age in the more recent time period and was associated with early initiation of parenteral nutrition and birth in a level 3 unit.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD-FETAL AND NEONATAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kate M. Lewis, Bianca L. De Stavola, Steve Cunningham, Pia Hardelid
Summary: This study used health datasets from Scotland to analyze the association between bronchiolitis in infancy and childhood asthma, finding a significant impact of socioeconomic disparity on asthma prevalence. The study also offers guidance on using causal inference methods to study other potential pathways of asthma inequities.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Tim J. Cole, Tim Lobstein
Summary: This study improved the algorithm for estimating the prevalence rates of child overweight and obesity based on different references. The revised algorithm performed better than the original, showing that it effectively harmonized prevalence rates.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ifeoma Ekwuocha, Ana Pereira, Camila Corvalan, Karin B. Michels, Audrey J. Gaskins
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between dietary iron intake and age at menarche in Chilean girls. The results showed a nonlinear association between iron intake and age at menarche. Iron intake between 8 and 15 mg/d was associated with a lower probability of earlier menarche. However, the effect of iron intake above 15 mg/d on menarche timing was not clear, and the association was attenuated after adjusting for height and body weight.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Maria Peppa, Bianca L. De Stavola, Stavros Loukogeorgakis, Ania Zylbersztejn, Ruth Gilbert, Paolo De Coppi
Summary: This study utilized national birth cohort data in England to compare the birth prevalence, relationship with maternal age, and 1-year mortality rates of different subtypes of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). The results showed that the risk of complex CDH was associated with maternal age, and the 1-year mortality rate for complex CDH was slightly higher than for isolated CDH.
PAEDIATRIC AND PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Guillermo Paraje, Daniela Montes de Oca, Camila Corvalan, Barry Popkin
Summary: This study assesses the impact of Chile's stringent legislation on food and beverage labeling and advertising on household consumption patterns. The research finds that the implementation of these regulations has led to significant changes in the allocation of food and beverage budgets, as well as the purchasing behavior of households. These findings highlight the effectiveness of food policies in promoting healthier consumption choices.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Angela Martinez-Arroyo, Erika Cantor, Regina Mara Fisberg, Camila Corvalan
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the association between dietary patterns and age at menarche. The results showed that healthier dietary patterns were associated with menarche timing in girls from low and middle-income families in Chile.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Camila Zancheta Ricardo, Ana Clara Duran, Mariana Fagundes Grilo, Natalia Rebolledo, Ximena Diaz-Torrente, Marcela Reyes, Camila Corvalan
Summary: This study compared the frequency and share of ultra-processed foods (UPF) in the diets of Chilean preschoolers using three different methods of identification. The results showed that searching for UPF markers in the ingredients list increased the proportion of identified UPF products and affected the caloric share of UPF in the children's diets.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Lai Ling Hui, Frederick K. Ho, Charlotte Margaret Wright, Tim J. Cole, Hugh Simon Lam, Han-Bing Deng, Hung-Kwan So, Patrick Ip, E. Anthony S. Nelson
Summary: Using the WHO head circumference standards would lead to the overdiagnosis of macrocephaly and the underdiagnosis of microcephaly, except for Indians and some Asian neonates. Population-specific cut-offs or references are more appropriate for many populations. Healthcare professionals need to be educated about the limitations of the WHO head circumference standards.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Laura Watson, Tim J. Cole, Greta Lyons, Christopher Georgiou, Jieniean Worsley, Katherine Carr, Peter Murgatroyd, Carla Moran, Krishna Chatterjee, Michelle Venables
Summary: This study presents centile charts for an index of resting energy expenditure adjusted for lean mass versus age, applicable to both children and adults. The results indicate substantial variability in the index at different ages, and demonstrate the clinical utility of this chart in assessing response to therapy in patients with endocrine disorders.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Xuelian Wang, Lai Ling Hui, Tim J. Cole, E. Anthony S. Nelson, Hugh Simon Lam
Summary: This study compared the fitness of the INTERGROWTH-21st birth weight standards (INTERGROWTH21) with a local reference (FOK2003) for ethnic Chinese babies. The results showed that INTERGROWTH21 performed less well, especially in infants born <33 weeks' gestation, compared to FOK2003 in predicting complications related to small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants. A more robust chart based on a larger sample of appropriately selected infants is needed.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD-FETAL AND NEONATAL EDITION
(2023)
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Bianca L. L. De Stavola, Manuel Gomes, Michail Katsoulis
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Carolina Venegas Hargous, Claudia Strugnell, Steven Allender, Liliana Orellana, Camila Corvalan, Colin Bell
Summary: Obesity, undernutrition, and climate change form a global syndemic that has a disproportionate impact on vulnerable populations, including children. Taking double- and triple-duty actions to address these pandemics simultaneously is crucial to prevent further health, economic, and environmental consequences. However, there is a lack of evidence regarding the implementation and evaluation of such actions.
Review
Pediatrics
Charlotte Margaret Wright, Simon Chapman, Tim J. Cole
Summary: Growth charts have been essential for monitoring children's health for 50 years, but their use is threatened by the rise of paperless electronic systems. This article discusses the challenges and options in transitioning to electronic charting systems, including local and commercial packages, as well as a new initiative by the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Claire E. Kim, Alexandra M. Binder, Camila Corvalan, Ana Pereira, John Shepherd, Antonia M. Calafat, Julianne C. Botelho, John M. Hampton, Amy Trentham-Dietz, Karin B. Michels
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the potential impact of biomarker concentrations of MBzP and PFOA on adolescent breast density. The results showed an association between PFOA serum concentrations and a decrease in breast density, while no association was observed between MBzP and breast density.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2023)