Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Teodora V. V. Grigore, Malou Zuidscherwoude, Anna Witasp, Peter Barany, Annika Wernerson, Annette Bruchfeld, Hong Xu, Hannes Olauson, Joost Hoenderop
Summary: Disturbances in magnesium homeostasis are common in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and are associated with increased mortality. This study found that Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 (FGF23) is associated with renal magnesium handling in CKD patients.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Keren E. Dittmer, Anastasia Chernyavtseva, Jonathan C. Marshall, Diana Cabrera, Frances M. Wolber, Marlena Kruger
Summary: Osteoporosis is a global public health issue, with approximately 3/4 of cases resulting from estrogen deficiency after menopause. This study used sheep as a model for osteoporosis and conducted experiments by performing ovariectomy and administering glucocorticoids. The results demonstrated that the expression of the klotho gene in the kidney showed the most significant difference in ovariectomized sheep treated with glucocorticoids for 2 months followed by a recovery period of 3 months. Klotho, known as the anti-aging hormone, is involved in the regulation of calcium and phosphorus metabolism, and it may play an important role in the recovery of bone mineral density in ovariectomized sheep treated with glucocorticoids for 2 months followed by euthanasia at 5 months.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Zhuohui Chen, Menghui Liu, Xingfeng Xu, Lixiang He, Peng Wang, Xiaojie Cai, Rihua Huang, Shaozhao Zhang, Xinghao Xu, Yuhui Lai, Yiquan Huang, Miaohong Li, Yifen Lin, Peihan Xie, Xinxue Liao, Xiaodong Zhuang, Yue Guo
Summary: This study investigated the joint association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and klotho with mortality risk in American community-dwelling adults. The results showed that vitamin D-associated mortality risk is observed only with concurrently decreasing klotho, indicating that vitamin D metabolism dysfunction increases the risk of mortality.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Eleanor Lederer
Summary: The purpose of this review is to highlight the significant advances in the field of renal phosphate handling in the past 12-18 months. The recent discoveries include new mechanisms for the trafficking and expression of sodium phosphate cotransporters, direct links between phosphate uptake and intracellular metabolic pathways, interdependence between proximal tubule transporters, and the persistent renal expression of phosphate transporters in chronic kidney disease.
CURRENT OPINION IN NEPHROLOGY AND HYPERTENSION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ozge Tugce Pasaoglu, Ayse Senelmis, Ozant Helvaci, Ulver Derici, Hatice Pasaoglu
Summary: The study analyzed mineral metabolism disruptions in haemodialysis patients, finding that insufficient Klotho is crucial in complications of chronic kidney diseases, leading to impaired functionality of FGF23 despite elevated levels.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nejla Latic, Reinhold G. Erben
Summary: PTH and FGF23 are major regulators of vitamin D metabolism. Their interaction in the kidney is crucial for maintaining mineral balance. 1,25(OH)(2)D is a key molecule in this system, regulated by FGF23 and PTH. Recent studies have also indicated an important role of vitamin D signaling in cardiovascular health.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Christopher Yanucil, Dominik Kentrup, Isaac Campos, Brian Czaya, Kylie Heitman, David Westbrook, Gunars Osis, Alexander Grabner, Adam R. Wende, Julian Vallejo, Michael J. Wacker, Jose Alberto Navarro-Garcia, Gema Ruiz-Hurtado, Fuming Zhang, Yuefan Song, Robert J. Linhardt, Kenneth White, Michael S. Kapiloff, Christian Faul
Summary: Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 23 is an elevated phosphate-regulating hormone in patients with chronic kidney disease and associated with cardiovascular mortality. This study found that soluble klotho and heparin regulate FGF23 signaling and effects in cardiac myocytes, with opposite effects.
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Danielewicz, Magdalena Wojciak, Ireneusz Sowa, Monika Kusz, Joanna Wessely-Szponder, Slawomir Dresler, Michal Latalski
Summary: This study investigated the concentrations of bone remodeling-related agents in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients, and found that the levels of vitamin D, N-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen, and fibroblast growth factor-23 were altered in these patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Maciej K. Stawicki, Adrian Goralczyk, Justyna Mlynczyk, Anna Kondratiuk, Jerzy Konstantynowicz
Summary: This study evaluated the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and found that vitamin D deficiency is independent of disease activity or inflammatory markers. However, MTX treatment may lead to inadequate vitamin D levels. Therefore, vitamin D supplementation should be considered for all children receiving long-term MTX therapy.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Taylor Landry, Daniel Shookster, Hu Huang
Summary: The circulating alpha-klotho protein plays a crucial role in regulating energy balance and substrate metabolism, exhibiting tissue-specific functions with diverse mechanisms. Its potent antidiabetic and anti-obesogenic effects, along with its multifaceted peripheral functions and potential metabolic roles in the central nervous system, make it an encouraging therapeutic target for diabetes and obesity. Current research is focusing on understanding the complex metabolic protein and its impact on metabolism regulation for future directions.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Martina Feger, Jana Alber, Joerg Strotmann, Andrea Grund, Maren Leifheit-Nestler, Dieter Haffner, Michael Foeller
Summary: FGF23 production can be stimulated by fasting through the production of beta-hydroxybutyrate. This finding suggests that the fasting state of patients may affect FGF23 tests, which are commonly used as a surrogate parameter in clinical monitoring of diseases.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Adriana S. Dusso, Kevin T. Bauerle, Carlos Bernal-Mizrachi
Summary: This article discusses the pathogenesis of vitamin D deficiency in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients and the causal link between defective vitamin D bioactivation to calcitriol and the onset of molecular pathways that promote CKD progression independently of the degree of secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). It emphasizes the need for identifying novel sensitive biomarkers to assess the efficacy of interventions with vitamin D and/or calcitriol (analogues) in ameliorating CKD progression in a PTH-independent manner.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Min Young Park, Carole Le Henaff, Despina Sitara
Summary: The study found that α-Klotho does not directly contribute to the development of renal anemia and FGF23 suppresses erythropoiesis in CKD through a Klotho-independent mechanism. However, under physiological conditions, α-Klotho has an inhibitory effect on erythropoiesis and iron regulation.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sepideh Zununi Vahed, Elham Ahmadian, Peyman Foroughi, Soroush Mostafavi, Henning Madry, Mohammadreza Ardalan, Magali Cucchiarini
Summary: The study revealed a significant association between VDR and VDBP gene polymorphisms with renal allograft rejection and viral infection, showing differences in G allele frequencies among different groups.
Review
Physiology
R. Todd Alexander, Henrik Dimke
Summary: Central to the maintenance of calcium homeostasis is the regulated reabsorption of calcium along the nephron. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) acts through the PTH 1 receptor along the nephron to increase urinary phosphate excretion and decrease urinary calcium excretion. PTH inhibits phosphate reabsorption in the proximal tubule, decreases calcium reabsorption in the proximal tubule and increases calcium permeability in the thick ascending limb, and increases transcellular calcium reabsorption in the distal convolution.
Article
Psychology, Biological
Spike W. S. Lee, Norbert Schwarz
Summary: Experimental work has shown causal links between physical cleansing and psychological variables, proposing grounded procedures of separation as a mechanism underlying cleansing effects. This account, differing from prevailing explanations, has received empirical support. Findings also suggest that the effects of cleansing are influenced by sensorimotor capacities and negative entities can trigger the motivation for cleansing more readily.
BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Business
Bora Min, Norbert Schwarz
Summary: The study shows that consumers' responses to a lack of control depend on the specific circumstances of low control. Low personal influence benefits familiar products, while an unpredictable world benefits novel products.
JOURNAL OF CONSUMER PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Social
Lynn Zhang, Mohammad Atari, Norbert Schwarz, Eryn J. Newman, Reza Afhami
Summary: The study suggests that participants tend to find stimuli more pleasing when their spatial arrangement matches the metaphorical mapping. Preferences for stimuli are influenced by the direction of writing in different languages.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
David J. Hauser, Norbert Schwarz
Summary: Concepts often appear alongside related concepts in everyday language, and these collocations often reflect societal biases. This study examines the influence of collocation on implicit bias by testing the evaluation of neutral concepts that frequently collocate with valenced concepts. The results suggest that neutral concepts with valenced collocates have a similar effect on evaluation as strongly valenced concepts, indicating that collocations in natural language may contribute to the development of implicit bias.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Norbert Schwarz
Summary: Ballantyne's (2021) review examines the literature on intellectual humility and proposes the conceptualization of intellectual humility as evidence-based inquiry. This paper discusses the implications of this proposal for the scope of intellectual humility and explores variables known to influence evidence-based inquiry, highlighting the role of emotions and metacognitive experiences.
JOURNAL OF POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mohammad Atari, Matthias R. Mehl, Jesse Graham, John M. Doris, Norbert Schwarz, Aida Mostafazadeh Davani, Ali Omrani, Brendan Kennedy, Elaine Gonzalez, Nikki Jafarzadeh, Alyzeh Hussain, Arineh Mirinjian, Annabelle Madden, Rhea Bhatia, Alexander Burch, Allison Harlan, David A. Sbarra, Charles L. Raison, Suzanne A. Moseley, Angelina J. Polsinelli, Morteza Dehghani
Summary: Through three different contexts and methods, we found that morality is less prevalent in everyday conversation than expected.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
David J. Hauser, Norbert Schwarz
Summary: People prefer positive descriptions of people and objects over negative ones. Even neutral words can elicit positive or negative responses depending on their typical associations in natural language. These semantically prosodic words activate evaluative associations, which can influence judgments in unrelated domains. Understanding the influence of semantically prosodic words is important for decision making.
CURRENT DIRECTIONS IN PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Mathematical
Eileen Pauels, Iris K. Schneider, Norbert Schwarz
Summary: Six preregistered studies demonstrate that the degree of similarity between two objects influences people's spatial memory of these objects. When the objects are highly similar, people tend to remember them as being closer together in space compared to when they are less similar. All six studies provide correlational evidence, showing that the higher the perceived similarity of two stimuli, the shorter the remembered distance between them. This effect holds true for both conceptual and perceptual similarity. Furthermore, three of the studies (Studies 2, 4A, and 4B) provide experimental evidence of causality by manipulating similarity. Highly similar stimuli were consistently remembered as being closer together than stimuli that were less similar, across various stimulus categories and dimensions of similarity.
PSYCHONOMIC BULLETIN & REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Political Science
Pragya Arya, Norbert Schwarz
Summary: In 2017, media coverage of the #MeToo movement brought attention to sexual harassment against women, highlighting several prominent American cases. Survey experiments conducted in the United States, the Netherlands, and Germany showed that thinking about these cases increased the evaluation that sexual harassment is a serious problem, both in the United States and in European countries. These findings suggest that attention-grabbing cases can influence public opinion on a policy issue across countries.
POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Business
Norbert Schwarz, Fritz Strack, Andrew Gelman, Stijn M. J. van Osselaer, Joel Huber
Summary: The three commentaries discuss different perspectives on data analysis and reporting. They emphasize the importance of quality measures and reasoning in determining the value of the analysis. It is suggested that researchers should focus on contextual effects, specific interactions, and the general constructs that explain human experience and reactions. Additionally, the commentaries provide recommendations on addressing issues related to statistical uncertainty, replicability, and generalizability, as well as the need for practical and applicable knowledge.
JOURNAL OF CONSUMER PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Social
David J. Hauser, Norbert Schwarz
Summary: The study reveals that bodily sensations have an impact on metaphorically related judgments, but this impact only occurs when the applicable metaphor is highly accessible at the time of experience.
SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PERSONALITY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Social
Lynn Zhang, Eryn J. Newman, Norbert Schwarz
Summary: Claims are more likely to be perceived as true when presented with a related nonprobative photo. Photos of the linguistic subject in a sentence facilitate fluent processing, while photos of the linguistic referent impair processing. The results support a context-sensitive fluency account and do not provide evidence for an illusion-of-evidence account.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Business
Norbert Schwarz
Summary: Focusing on variables in the verification approach may lead to disconnected effects and a lack of integrative theorizing in consumer behavior research, possibly influenced by publication practices and incentive structures.
JOURNAL OF CONSUMER PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Communication
Nathan Walter, Helena Bilandzic, Norbert Schwarz, John J. Brooks
Summary: This article examines how the processing fluency of narrative messages can impact subsequent judgment, with disfluent narratives potentially facilitating narrative persuasion under certain conditions. Two experiments in the controversial context of physician-assisted suicide demonstrate that the experience of processing difficulty influences interpretations of the narrative. Theoretical model testing suggests that fluent narratives enhance resonance among ambivalent individuals, while disfluent narratives can challenge value-laden beliefs by reducing attitude certainty.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
David B. Newman, Norbert Schwarz, Arthur A. Stone
Summary: The study found that individuals tend to rate their overall life satisfaction, meaning, and emotional intensity more positively when reflecting on life as a whole, compared to daily aggregations. This could be due to the tendency to focus on positive aspects when looking at life in general and being more influenced by the fluctuations of daily life.
JOURNAL OF POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)