Article
Biology
Ziwei Yang, Jun Wang, Bailin He, Xiaolin Zhang, Xiaojuan Li, Ersheng Kuang
Summary: This study demonstrates that RTN3 acts as a negative regulator of immune and inflammatory responses during RNA viral infection by impairing K63-linked polyubiquitination of IRF3 and NF-kappa B. Overexpression of RTN3 in mice results in decreased neutrophil numbers and inflammatory cell infiltration, indicating its role in resolving inflammation.
Article
Immunology
Yukie Tanaka, Naoko Morita, Yoshinori Kitagawa, Bin Gotoh, Takayuki Komatsu
Summary: In this study, a novel mechanism of immune escape by human metapneumovirus (HMPV) and human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is identified. The viral proteins M2-2 and NS1 inhibit the RIG-I/TRIM25-mediated interferon activation, leading to the evasion of host immune responses. These findings provide new insights into the immune evasion strategies employed by viruses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Gianni Gori Savellini, Gabriele Anichini, Claudia Gandolfo, Maria Grazia Cusi
Summary: During SARS-CoV-2 infection, there is a reduced production of INF-beta and an increased release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The virus encodes proteins that suppress the host immune system, contributing to its pathogenesis and severe clinical outcomes. The N protein of SARS-CoV-2 is shown to inhibit INF-beta production by interacting with RIG-I, impacting the innate immune response during COVID-19.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hongxiao Song, Qingfei Xiao, Fengchao Xu, Qi Wei, Fei Wang, Guangyun Tan
Summary: This study aimed to elucidate the anti-HBV mechanism of TRIM25. The findings showed that TRIM25 interacted with HBx and promoted HBx degradation, as well as enhanced the recognition of pgRNA, leading to increased IFN production.
CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wenshuai Wang, Benjamin Goette, Rong Guo, Anna Marie Pyle
Summary: The study shows that Riplet plays an essential role in RIG-I signaling, independent of RIG-I oligomerization on long dsRNA. By analyzing the structure of the complex, the molecular interfaces controlling Riplet-mediated activation are revealed, leading to the formulation of a unified model for the role of Riplet in signaling.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Virology
Huimin Xiao, Jingliang Li, Xu Yang, Zhaolong Li, Ying Wang, Yajuan Rui, Bin Liu, Wenyan Zhang
Summary: The 3C proteins of EV71 and CVB3 reduce RIG-I and TRIM25 expression through protease cleavage, but TRIM25 overexpression can restore the decreased RIG-I expression and IFN-beta production caused by 3C proteins. Specific amino acids and functional domains in TRIM25 are crucial for the recovery of RIG-I ubiquitination and structural conformation. These findings suggest that TRIM25 could be a potential target for combating multiple EV infections.
Article
Fisheries
Rongrong Liu, Hua Li, Xiaoye Liu, Boyu Liang, Yue Qi, Fei Meng, Guiwen Yang, Shijuan Shan
Summary: In this study, transcriptome analysis was performed to investigate the immune response of common carp against SVCV infection. It was found that the RLR signaling pathway was significantly enriched after SVCV infection. Further investigation revealed that CcRIG-I and CcTRIM25 suppressed the replication of SVCV by inducing the phosphorylation of TBK1, IRF3, and p65, as well as the expression of ifn-1, viperin, isg15, and mx. Additionally, CcTRIM25 was shown to regulate CcRIG-I-mediated immune response through interaction with CARD and promoting K63-linked polyubiquitination of CcRIG-I.
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Boyue Zhang, Ting Cai, Hongling He, Xuezhe Huang, Yongwen Luo, Shile Huang, Jun Luo, Xiaofeng Guo
Summary: TRIM25 plays a crucial role in the infection of rabies virus, regulating its replication through the RIG-I-IFN axis. This finding suggests that TRIM25 may serve as a potential target for the development of antiviral drugs against rabies.
Article
Immunology
Zening Yang, Jing Li, Jiali Li, Huiwen Zheng, Heng Li, Qingrun Lai, Yanli Chen, Li Qin, Yuanyuan Zuo, Lei Guo, Haijing Shi, Longding Liu
Summary: The nucleocapsid (N) protein plays a crucial role in the life cycle of SARS-CoV-2, contributing to genome packaging and modulating interactions with cytoplasmic components. A study found that the N protein promotes the interaction between GTPase-activating protein SH3 domain-binding protein 2 (G3BP2) and tripartite motif containing 25 (TRIM25), affecting the formation of the TRIM25-G3BP2-N protein interactome. Moreover, the N protein inhibits type I interferon production and interferes with the RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway, allowing SARS-CoV-2 to evade innate immune surveillance. The N protein and its interacting cellular components show potential for antiviral therapy and vaccine design.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nila Roy Choudhury, Ivan Trus, Gregory Heikel, Magdalena Wolczyk, Jacek Szymanski, Agnieszka Bolembach, Rute Maria Dos Santos Pinto, Nikki Smith, Maryia Trubitsyna, Eleanor Gaunt, Paul Digard, Gracjan Michlewski
Summary: TRIM25 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that plays a key role in the innate immune response to RNA viruses. It has been shown to bind to RNA, but the exact role of its RNA-binding activity in the immune response is unclear.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Lvyun Zhu, Li Nie, Sisi Xie, Ming Li, Chushu Zhu, Xinyuan Qiu, Jingyu Kuang, Chuanyang Liu, Chenyu Lu, Wenying Li, Er Meng, Dongyi Zhang, Lingyun Zhu
Summary: This study established a ground-based zebrafish disease model of microgravity to investigate the adverse effects of microgravity on the immune system, revealing that RIG-I-like receptor and Toll-like receptor signaling pathways are significantly compromised under simulated microgravity conditions. TRIM25, an essential factor for RLR signaling, is inhibited, disrupting the antiviral immune response feedback loop.
Article
Microbiology
Ben A. Bailey-Elkin, Robert C. M. Knaap, Anuradha De Silva, Ilse M. Boekhoud, Sandra Mous, Niek van Vught, Mazdak Khajehpour, Erwin van den Born, Marjolein Kikkert, Brian L. Mark
Summary: This study investigates the structure and activity of PRRSV PLP2, revealing its critical role in suppressing host immune responses and promoting viral replication.
Article
Immunology
Peng Zhou, Lei Ma, Zaixiao Rao, Yaqian Li, Huijun Zheng, Qigai He, Rui Luo
Summary: The Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) is a pathogenic flavivirus that impacts egg production and neurological disorders in waterfowl. Proteomics analysis revealed duIFI35 expression promotes DTMUV replication and inhibits IFN-beta production, disrupting the host antiviral response. Specifically, duIFI35 impairs duRIG-I recognition of double-stranded RNA, evading the immune response and providing insights for antiviral drug design.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Oyahida Khatun, Mansi Sharma, Rohan Narayan, Shashank Tripathi
Summary: Evasion and antagonism of host cellular immunity provide replication advantage to SARS-CoV-2. ORF6 protein was found to mitigate type-I interferon induction and signaling. ORF6 directly interacts with RIG-I and reduces K63-linked ubiquitinated RIG-I, blocking downstream type-I interferon induction and signaling. These findings contribute to understanding how SARS-CoV-2 evades the host immune response.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Tianxu Li, Yanyan Ren, Tingting Zhang, Xinyu Zhai, Xiuyuan Wang, Jinchao Wang, Bin Xing, Runchun Miao, Ning Li, Liangmeng Wei
Summary: This study investigates the regulatory role of duLGP2 in the duck RIG-I-mediated antiviral innate immune signaling system. The results demonstrate that duLGP2 can suppress duRIG-I activation and enhance the production of inflammatory cytokines. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the regulatory networks of the antiviral innate immune system in ducks.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Ximena Fleming-Canepa, Shawna M. Jensen, Christine M. Mesa, Laura Diaz-Satizabal, Alexa J. Roth, Julie A. Parks-Dely, Debra A. Moon, Janet P. Wong, Danyel Evseev, Desolie A. Gossen, David G. Tetrault, Katharine E. Magor
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2016)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yanna Xiao, Matthew B. Reeves, Adam F. Caulfield, Danyel Evseev, Katharine E. Magor
MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Microbiology
Ximena Fleming-Canepa, Jerry R. Aldridge, Lauren Canniff, Michelle Kobewka, Elinor Jax, Robert G. Webster, Katharine E. Magor
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Virology
Yanna Xiao, Danyel Evseev, Chase A. Stevens, Adam Moghrabi, Domingo Miranzo-Navarro, Ximena Fleming-Canepa, David G. Tetrault, Katharine E. Magor
Review
Immunology
Lee K. Campbell, Katharine E. Magor
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Virology
Anil Kumar, Ray Ishida, Tania Strilets, Jamie Cole, Joaquin Lopez-Orozco, Nawell Fayad, Alberto Felix-Lopez, Mohamed Elaish, Danyel Evseev, Katharine E. Magor, Lara K. Mahal, Les P. Nagata, David H. Evans, Tom C. Hobman
Summary: This study reveals two novel mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 blocks the IFN pathway, including reduced induction of IFNs and ISGs, and inhibition of IFN signaling by proteins like NSP1 and nucleocapsid. The findings provide new insights into how SARS-CoV-2 successfully evades the IFN system to establish infection.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elinor Jax, Inge Muller, Stefan Borno, Hanna Borlinghaus, Gustaw Eriksson, Evi Fricke, Bernd Timmermann, Helene Pendl, Wolfgang Fiedler, Karsten Klein, Falk Schreiber, Martin Wikelski, Katharine E. Magor, Robert H. S. Kraus
Summary: This study evaluates the reliability of using bio-loggers to detect disease outbreaks in free-living birds by combining leukocyte composition and transcriptomics. It was found that body temperature, heart rate, and leukocyte composition change reliably during an acute immune response, and immune stimulants activate pathogen-specific gene regulatory networks as confirmed by genome-wide gene expression profiling. Reporting changes in physiological and behavioral traits related to immune response provides important baseline information for global monitoring of zoonotic diseases.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Katharine E. Magor
Summary: Birds are important hosts for RNA viruses and have innate defense mechanisms against them. The receptors involved in virus detection and the signaling pathways in birds are different between species and individuals, and are targeted by viruses for evasion.
Review
Microbiology
Danyel Evseev, Katharine E. Magor
Summary: This review discusses the species-specific molecular signatures of the influenza A virus NS1 protein in different host species and its two functions in the process of viral adaptation to new host species. The NS1 protein has the ability to broadly suppress host protein expression and inhibit antiviral interferon signaling through protein-protein interactions, which are crucial for viral replication and immune evasion. The NS1 protein demonstrates a variety of context-dependent solutions to the problem of interspecies adaptation, showing high plasticity and versatility.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Lee K. Campbell, Ximena Fleming-Canepa, Robert G. Webster, Katharine E. Magor
Summary: Ducks serve as natural hosts for influenza A virus and different viral strains induce distinct gene expression patterns in different tissues upon infection. The lungs and intestines, important for viral replication, show tissue-specific responses with upregulation of antiviral genes and downregulation of inflammatory components. Global and tissue-specific regulatory patterns help control viral replication and limit inflammatory responses in tissues involved in viral replication to prevent damage.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Adriana M. Airo, Alberto Felix-Lopez, Valeria Mancinelli, Danyel Evseev, Joaquin Lopez-Orozco, Kathy Shire, Patrick Paszkowski, Lori Frappier, Katharine E. Magor, Tom C. Hobman
Summary: Flavivirus capsid proteins, including ZIKV capsid protein, can suppress the expression of IFN and IFN-stimulated genes. ZIKV capsid protein interacts with TRIM25 to prevent ubiquitination of RIG-I CARD domains, potentially attenuating antiviral signaling pathways at early stages of infection.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elinor Jax, Paolo Franchini, Vaishnovi Sekar, Jente Ottenburghs, Daniel Monne Parera, Roman T. Kellenberger, Katharine E. Magor, Inge Mueller, Martin Wikelski, Robert H. S. Kraus
Summary: Animal species differ in their ability to fight off infections. We conducted a study using genomics to investigate the evolutionary forces acting on the innate immune system in natural hosts of the avian influenza virus. We found that specific genes involved in the immune response play crucial roles and may contribute to differences in susceptibility and resistance to infectious diseases in wild birds. These findings enhance our understanding of host-pathogen interactions and provide new insights into potential drug targets.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Virology
Danyel Evseev, Domingo Miranzo-Navarro, Ximena Fleming-Canepa, Robert G. Webster, Katharine E. Magor
Summary: Influenza A viruses are a major cause of both human and animal diseases. This study investigates the mechanism of how these viruses interfere with the antiviral signaling pathway in both humans and ducks. The researchers found that certain NS1 proteins from avian influenza strains can block the activation and signaling of the human RIG-I receptor, but not the duck RIG-I receptor.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Janet L. H. Sperling, Daniel Fitzgerald, Felix A. H. Sperling, Katharine E. Magor
TROPICAL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2020)
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Danyel Evseev, Katharine E. Magor
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2019)