Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Leah Zuroff, Ayman Rezk, Koji Shinoda, Diego A. Espinoza, Yehezqel Elyahu, Bo Zhang, Andrew A. Chen, Russell T. Shinohara, Dina Jacobs, Roy N. Alcalay, Thomas F. Tropea, Alice Chen-Plotkin, Alon Monsonego, Rui Li, Amit Bar-Or
Summary: In the study comparing untreated MS patients with normal controls, it was found that MS patients exhibited early and persistent redistribution of naive and memory CD4 T-cell compartments. While most CD4 and CD8 T-cell aging trajectories were similar between groups, MS patients demonstrated abnormal age-associated increases, particularly in patients over 60.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Flora Reverchon, Colleen Guillard, Lucile Mollet, Pascal Auzou, David Gosset, Fahima Madouri, Antoine Valery, Arnaud Menuet, Canan Ozsancak, Maud Pallix-Guyot, Severine Morisset-Lopez
Summary: This study reveals a dysregulation of 5-HT7 expression in natalizumab-treated multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, with an increase in 5-HT7 surface expression on T lymphocytes and CD4(+) T cell subsets. Activation of 5-HT7 receptor promotes the production of IL-10, suggesting its protective role in MS.
Article
Oncology
Grace Heloise Attrill, Carina N. Owen, Tasnia Ahmed, Ismael A. Vergara, Andrew J. Colebatch, Jordan W. Conway, Kazi J. Nahar, John F. Thompson, Ines Pires da Silva, Matteo S. Carlino, Alexander M. Menzies, Serigne Lo, Umaimainthan Palendira, Richard A. Scolyer, Georgina Long, James S. Wilmott
Summary: This study found that specific subsets of CD8+ T cells were significantly associated with recurrence in high-risk patients with stage III melanoma treated with anti-PD-1 therapy. CD39+ tumor-resident memory cells were more prevalent in recurrence-free patients, while bystander T cells were more prevalent in patients who developed recurrence. The CD39+ Trms were located significantly closer to melanoma cells compared to bystander T cells.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Elisaveta Voynova, Nga Hawk, Francis A. Flomerfelt, William G. Telford, Ronald E. Gress, Jennifer A. Kanakry, Damian Kovalovsky
Summary: Chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) can redirect the activity of NK cells to target T-cell malignancies. Recognition of CD5 molecules in malignant T cells by the CAR leads to improved antitumor response compared to targeting CD3. A specific CAR-NK framework has superior activity on NK effector cells. CD3-CAR-T is more active than CD5-CAR-T in vitro, but less efficient in eliminating tumor cells in vivo. The CAR-NK framework greatly improves the efficacy of CARs in NK cells.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Max Mimpen, Anne-Hilde Muris, Linda Rolf, Oliver Gerlach, Jens Kuhle, Raymond Hupperts, Joost Smolders, Jan Damoiseaux
Summary: In relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, the ratio of natural killer (NK) cells to CD4(+) T cells may serve as a prognostic biomarker for disease activity. An expanded NK cell compartment compared to the CD4(+) T cell subset may have a protective role in MS patients.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Regina Berkovich, Aida Yakupova, Jonathan Eskenazi, Noel G. Carlson, Lawrence Steinman
Summary: Observations on administration of natalizumab to 18 patients with comorbid MS and psoriasis showed complete cessation of MS disease activity and significant improvement of psoriasis after treatment initiation.
NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Emily R. Kansler, Saida Dadi, Chirag Krishna, Briana G. Nixon, Efstathios G. Stamatiades, Ming Liu, Fengshen Kuo, Jing Zhang, Xian Zhang, Kristelle Capistrano, Kyle A. Blum, Kate Weiss, Ross M. Kedl, Guangwei Cui, Koichi Ikuta, Timothy A. Chan, Christina S. Leslie, A. Ari Hakimi, Ming O. Li
Summary: This study reveals an innate immune surveillance response mediated by cytotoxic ILC1 sensing of cancer cell-expressed IL-15, which is associated with patient survival and contributes to tumor suppression.
Article
Immunology
S. Agarbati, D. Benfaremo, N. Viola, C. Paolini, S. Svegliati Baroni, A. Funaro, G. Moroncini, F. Malavasi, A. Gabrielli
Summary: This study analyzed the expression of CD38 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients. The results showed increased expression of CD38 in plasmablasts and plasma cells of SSc patients, suggesting CD38 as a potential therapeutic target to downregulate the chronic immune response in SSc patients.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Josefine Ruder, Jordan Rex, Simon Obahor, Maria Jose Docampo, Antonia M. S. Mueller, Urs Schanz, Ilijas Jelcic, Roland Martin
Summary: It was found that after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, the relative frequency and absolute numbers of CD56(bright) NK cells in patients with multiple sclerosis increased, while all studied innate-like T cell populations decreased.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Vinicius A. Vieira, Nicholas Herbert, Gabriela Cromhout, Emily Adland, Philip Goulder
Summary: Only three well-characterised cases of functional cure have been described in paediatric HIV infection over the past decade. This underlines the fact that early initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), whilst minimising the size of the viral reservoir, is insufficient to achieve cure, unless other factors contribute. HIV-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) and natural killer (NK) cell responses play crucial roles in functional cure in paediatric infection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Samira Ghorbani, Emily Jelinek, Rajiv Jain, Benjamin Buehner, Cenxiao Li, Brian M. Lozinski, Susobhan Sarkar, Deepak K. Kaushik, Yifei Dong, Thomas N. Wight, Soheila Karimi-Abdolrezaee, Geert J. Schenk, Eva M. Strijbis, Jeroen Geurts, Ping Zhang, Chang-Chun Ling, V. Wee Yong
Summary: Ghorbani and colleagues have found that versican-V1 acts as an inhibitor of oligodendrocyte regeneration by directly inhibiting oligodendrocytes and promoting the production of Th17 cells. In experimental models of multiple sclerosis, versican-V1 is selectively upregulated among other chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs). The study suggests that reducing CSPG levels could be a potential therapeutic approach for promoting repair and modulating the immune response in multiple sclerosis.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Virology
Simone Agostini, Roberta Mancuso, Andrea Saul Costa, Domenico Caputo, Mario Clerici
Summary: The detection of miR-J1-5p in urine of MS patients treated with Natalizumab could potentially serve as a biomarker to monitor JCPyV infection and better identify the risk of developing PML. The study found miR-J1-5p in the urine of 28% of patients, even in some cases where JCPyV DNA was not detected in urine or blood. This suggests that miR-J1-5p measurement could be valuable in assessing PML risk in Natalizumab-treated MS patients.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jan Kolcava, Monika Hulova, Lucie Rihova, Josef Bednarik, Pavel Stourac
Summary: This study evaluates the impact of natalizumab treatment on lymphocyte subsets, CD4/CD8 ratio, and their relationship with JCV index and clinical data including NEDA-3 and ARR. The results show significant increases in lymphocytosis after natalizumab treatment, with CD4/CD8 ratio correlating with ARR. Patients maintaining NEDA-3 status exhibit lower CD4/CD8 ratio over the treatment period.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Vanna Imsirovic, Maja Lenartic, Felix M. M. Wensveen, Bojan Polic, Vedrana Jelencic
Summary: Natural killer (NK) cells, important in early defense against tumors and virally infected cells, are regulated by a balance of activating and inhibitory receptors. However, some activating receptors lack an inhibitory partner. This study shows that activating NK cell receptors without inhibitory partners are not a "master" signal, but instead their activity is controlled through regulation of other activating receptors. This finding has potential implications for the development of NK cell-based cancer immunotherapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Olatz Zenarruzabeitia, Gabirel Astarloa-Pando, Inigo Terren, Ane Orrantia, Raquel Perez-Garay, Iratxe Seijas-Betolaza, Javier Nieto-Arana, Natale Imaz-Ayo, Silvia Perez-Fernandez, Eunate Arana-Arri, Francisco Borrego
Summary: This study analyzed the immune system status of patients with different severity of COVID-19, finding that severe cases exhibit higher activation levels in various T cell subsets, increased expression of immune markers in cytotoxic cells, and accumulation of dysfunctional monocytes. The study also showed a strong association between immune cell alterations and clinical signs of severity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)