Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Yoshihiro Wakabayashi, Hiroaki Okamura, Takashi Yamamura
Summary: KNDy neurons in goats may receive NKB signal to synchronize burst activity, generating pulsatile GnRH secretion, which is likely to occur bilaterally.
JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Juan Roa, Miguel Ruiz-Cruz, Francisco Ruiz-Pino, Rocio Onieva, Maria J. Vazquez, Maria J. Sanchez-Tapia, Jose M. Ruiz-Rodriguez, Veronica Sobrino, Alexia Barroso, Violeta Heras, Inmaculada Velasco, Cecilia Perdices-Lopez, Claes Ohlsson, Maria Soledad Avendano, Vincent Prevot, Matti Poutanen, Leonor Pinilla, Francisco Gaytan, Manuel Tena-Sempere
Summary: Research shows that Kiss1 neurons play an essential role in puberty and fertility, and the miRNA biosynthesis in these neurons is crucial for the completion of puberty and fertility, especially in females.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biology
Xinhuai Liu, Shel-Hwa Yeo, H. James McQuillan, Michel K. Herde, Sabine Hessler, Isaiah Cheong, Robert Porteous, Allan E. Herbison
Summary: Although KNDy neurons release multiple neuropeptides, only kisspeptin can activate GnRH neuron dendrons. Selective deletion of kisspeptin from KNDy neurons disrupts pulsatile hormone secretion while maintaining synchronized behavior. These findings suggest that highly redundant neuropeptide co-transmission is essential for driving episodic hormone secretion.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Paul G. Morris, Allan E. Herbison
Summary: The synchronization of ARC kisspeptin neurons in female mice relies on glutamate signaling through AMPA receptors, with no involvement of NMDA receptors. Tachykinin receptor tone promotes spontaneous synchronizations in females. Dynorphin transmission does not contribute to synchronization events in females.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Stephanie Constantin
Summary: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is pulsatile and each pulse triggers a luteinizing hormone (LH) pulse. Kisspeptin neurons near the distal processes of GnRH neurons communicate with GnRH neurons through secretion of kisspeptins.
CURRENT OPINION IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Kevin Poissenot, Areski Chorfa, Chantal Moussu, Anne-Charlotte Trouillet, Morgane Brachet, Didier Chesneau, Philippe Chemineau, Etienne Ramadier, Adrien Pinot, Etienne Benoit, Virginie Lattard, Hugues Dardente, Joel Drevet, Fabrice Saez, Matthieu Keller
Summary: Mammals living at temperate latitudes typically display annual cyclicity in their reproductive activity in order to synchronize births under the most favorable environmental conditions. This study characterized the regulations that occur along the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis in male water voles throughout the year and demonstrated the strong impact of photoperiod on these seasonal changes.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Haruhiko Kanasaki, Tuvshintugs Tumurbaatar, Zhouma Cairang, Zolzaya Tumurgan, Aki Oride, Hiroe Okada, Satoru Kyo
Summary: This study examined the effects of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) on the anterior pituitary gland and hormone-producing cells in rats. The results showed that DHT could repress the expression of certain genes in the pituitary and induce characteristic changes in hormone-producing cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Margaret A. Mohr, Angela M. Wong, Gauthaman Sukumar, Clifton L. Dalgard, Weizhe Hong, T. John Wu, Ye Emily Wu, Paul E. Micevych
Summary: The study observed different gene transcription responses to estradiol in the AVPV+ and ARH+ regions of the hypothalamus. Estradiol treatment resulted in more gene up-regulation than down-regulation in both regions, with specific temporal differences in gene expression patterns between the two areas. Key genes involved in gonadotropin release, such as Esr1 and Kiss1, were differentially affected by estradiol in the AVPV+ and ARH+. Gene network analysis revealed distinct clustering of genes modulated by estradiol in the AVPV+ compared to the ARH+, indicating specific responses to estradiol in timing and direction in these hypothalamic regions.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Harvey Stevenson, Samuel Bartram, Mikaela Maria Charalambides, Sruthi Murthy, Theo Petitt, Anjali Pradeep, Owen Vineall, Ikenna Abaraonye, Amelia Lancaster, Kanyada Koysombat, Bijal Patel, Ali Abbara
Summary: Feedback from oestradiol is mediated by KP-neurons in the hypothalamus and RP3V regions, regulating the physiological menstrual cycle. Hypothalamic KP-neurons control GnRH pulsatility through negative feedback, while RP3V KP-neurons induce LH surge and ovulation through positive feedback.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nimisha Nandankar, Ariel L. Negron, Andrew Wolfe, Jon E. Levine, Sally Radovick
Summary: This study demonstrates the critical role of ARC kisspeptin in regulating estrous cyclicity in female mice and GnRH/LH pulsatility in both sexes through a novel conditional knockout mouse model. Loss of ARC kisspeptin results in significant hypogonadism, impacting fertility status and normal gametogenesis. Normal puberty occurs despite the absence of ARC kisspeptin.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Su Young Yan, Paul G. Morris, Jae -Chang Kim, Santosh Guru, Maria Pardo-Navarro, Shel-Hwa Yeo, H. James McQuillan, Allan E. Herbison
Summary: In this study, it was found that arcuate nucleus kisspeptin (ARNKISS) neurons co-expressing glutamate, neurokinin B, and dynorphin intermittently synchronize their activity to generate pulsatile hormone secretion. The synchronization is a result of near-random emergent network activity within the population and is dependent on local glutamate-AMPA signaling. Neurokinin B potentiates the glutamate-generated synchronizations, while dynorphin-kappa opioid serves as a gate for synchronization initiation. These findings challenge the existing KNDy hypothesis for ARNKISS neuron synchronization.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Lydie Naule, Alessandra Mancini, Sidney A. Pereira, Brandon M. Gassaway, John R. Lydeard, John C. Magnotto, Han Kyeol Kim, Joy Liang, Cynara Matos, Steven P. Gygi, Florian T. . Merkle, Rona S. Carroll, Ana Paula Abreu, Ursula B. Kaiser
Summary: MKRN3 acts as an inhibitor of puberty initiation and its deletion leads to significant changes in gene expression related to hypothalamic development and plasticity. Additionally, MKRN3 deletion results in early puberty onset and increased dendritic spine numbers in the arcuate nucleus. NKB and IGF2BP1 are identified as targets of MKRN3 regulation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Luciano Cardoso Santos, Jeane Martinha dos Anjos Cordeiro, Larissa da Silva Santana, Erikles Macedo Barbosa, Bianca Reis Santos, Leticia Dias Mendonca, Maria Clara da Silva Galro Cunha, William Morais Machado, Larissa Rodrigues Santana, Maira Guimares Kersul, Patricia Costa Henriques, Roberta Araujo Lopes, Paola Pereira das Neves Snoeck, Raphael Escorsim Szawka, Juneo Freitas Silva
Summary: This study evaluated the potential of Kp10 to restore gonadal function in hypothyroid male rats. The authors found that hypothyroidism negatively affected testicular and sex gland mass, as well as sperm morphology, motility, and vigor. Kp10 treatment was able to reverse these effects, improving gonadal function and sperm quality in hypothyroid rats.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Jose Manuel Fernandez-Garcia, Beatriz Carrillo, Patricia Tezanos, Helena Pinos, Paloma Collado
Summary: In this study, we investigated the effects of postnatal exposure to genistein on the morphology of the arcuate nucleus (Arc) in male and female rats. Our results showed that genistein treatment abolished sex differences in the volume, Nissl-stained neurons, and GPER-ir neurons in the ArcMP. Furthermore, genistein had different effects on GPER-ir neurons in the ArcMP and ArcL depending on the dose and sex.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Graeme L. Fraser, Barbara Obermayer-Pietsch, Joop Laven, Georg Griesinger, Axelle Pintiaux, Dirk Timmerman, Bart C. J. M. Fauser, Christopher Lademacher, Jean Combalbert, Hamid R. Hoveyda, Steven Ramael
Summary: This study evaluated the clinical efficacy and safety of the neurokinin 3 (NK3) receptor antagonist fezolinetant in women with PCOS. Fezolinetant was found to effectively suppress hyperandrogenism and reduce the LH-to-FSH ratio in a dose-dependent manner. The treatment was well tolerated by participants.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)