Article
Development Studies
Jie Zhou, Hua Zhong, Wuyang Hu, Guanghua Qiao
Summary: This study examines the nonlinear impact of non-pastoral income on livestock herd size in pastoral areas in Inner Mongolia, China. It suggests that non-pastoral income has both substitution and wealth effects on livestock herd size, leading to a U-shaped relationship. Initial increase in non-pastoral income results in decreased herd size due to partial substitution, but continued increase enables additional animal production and may lead to overgrazing.
Editorial Material
Biochemical Research Methods
Vivien Marx
Summary: Expeditions are providing valuable data about our planet's oceans, including microbes. Some laboratories are now delving into the study of ocean viromes.
Article
Business
Karen Eilers, Christoph Peters, Jan Marco Leimeister
Summary: This study examines the impact of actors' agile mindset (AM) on strategic agility and performance. It finds that AM consists of four dimensions: attitude towards learning spirit, collaborative exchange, empowered self-guidance, and customer co-creation. The study reveals that AM affects organizational performance through its influence on strategic agility. It contributes to the field by providing a conceptualization and measuring instrument for AM, as well as explaining its relevance to strategic agility and outlining its relationship to organizational performance.
TECHNOLOGICAL FORECASTING AND SOCIAL CHANGE
(2022)
Article
Ergonomics
Pengpeng Xu, Lu Bai, Xin Pei, S. C. Wong, Hanchu Zhou
Summary: This study introduces the Bayesian simultaneous-equation model as a methodological alternative for neighborhood-level bicycle safety analysis. The results demonstrate that an expansion of bicycle infrastructure is associated with increased cycling levels and a reduction in the risk of bicycle-motor vehicle crashes.
ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aleksandra Rapacka-Zdonczyk, Agata Wozniak, Joanna Nakonieczna, Mariusz Grinholc
Summary: Light-based antimicrobial therapies have been gaining attention as promising alternatives to antibiotics due to their high bactericidal activity and low risk for resistance development. However, repetitive sublethal phototreatment may lead to tolerance development, highlighting the need for better methodology to assess this phenomenon.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Business
Michael L. Barnett, Irene Henriques, Bryan W. Husted
Summary: This paper explores the impact of stakeholders on company behavior in the digital age, focusing on the role of firm size and proximity of firms to stakeholders. The conclusion suggests that some scenarios associated with these factors are worth further investigation, but they do not fundamentally alter the dynamics of stakeholder influence in the digital age, even for small, independent firms in crisis situations.
ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVES
(2021)
Article
History & Philosophy Of Science
Daniel Kilov
Summary: Expertise not only plays a crucial role in philosophical debates, but also exhibits brittleness, as experts often struggle to transfer their skills across domains, adapt to changes within their fields, and are occasionally outperformed by novices.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Hang Shu, Jerome Bindelle, Leifeng Guo, Xianhong Gu
Summary: This study proposes a deep learning-based model for recognizing cow behaviors and determining critical thresholds for onset of heat stress at the herd level. The results show the superiority of the proposed method and its ability to provide low-cost herd-level heat stress alerts without burdening the dairy cows.
BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Management
Ruchir Agarwal, Ina Ganguli, Patrick Gaule, Geoff Smith
Summary: This study finds that immigrants to the United States are more productive than immigrants to other countries, particularly in the academic field. It also reveals that there is a significant gap between the aspirations of talented youth from developing countries to study in the U.S. and the actual number of immigrants, largely due to financial constraints.
Editorial Material
Immunology
Hadeesha Piyadasa, Michael Angelo, Sean C. Bendall
Summary: Capturing cell organization in the tumor microenvironment using spatial proteomics can provide insight into the disease. A pair of studies applying this to advanced lung and brain tumors identifies organizational immune hallmarks that are associated with patient outcomes.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chien-Ning Hsu, You-Lin Tain
Summary: The developmental origins of health and disease theory suggests that many adult-onset diseases can originate in early life. Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in renal programming, and perinatal use of antioxidants can reverse programming processes and prevent adult-onset diseases.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jessica R. Floyd, Emmah Kwoba, Thumbi Mwangi, Joseph Okotto-Okotto, Peggy Wanza, Nicola Wardrop, Weiyu Yu, Jim A. Wright
Summary: This study aimed to quantify the seasonality in cattle proximity to domestic water sources and household compounds, as well as develop a preliminary landscape model of faecal deposition by cattle. Results showed significant differences in home range size, distance travelled from the household, and time spent tethered between seasons, but not in the time spent at domestic water sources or home range overlap with other herds. The preliminary landscape model of faecal deposition by cattle could be further developed to inform interventions for safe separation of livestock and people.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Van Phan Le, Nguyen Thi Lan, Jose Tobias Canevari, Juan Pablo Villanueva-Cabezas, Pawin Padungtod, Thi Bich Ngoc Trinh, Van Tam Nguyen, Caitlin N. Pfeiffer, Madalene V. Oberin, Simon M. Firestone, Mark A. Stevenson
Summary: This study describes the results of a panel study on an ASF-positive pig herd in Thai Binh province, Vietnam, tracking the onset and death dates of ASF in the pigs. The study aimed to fit a disease model and estimate transmission coefficients, and provide commentary on its use in decision support for disease control authorities. The study provides insight into ASF transmission dynamics in small-scale pig herds and generates data for modeling approaches in this underreported sector.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Muhammad Faisal, Azhar Abbas, Yi Cai, Abdelrahman Ali, Muhammad Amir Shahzad, Shoaib Akhtar, Muhammad Haseeb Raza, Muhammad Arslan Ajmal, Chunping Xia, Syed Abdul Sattar, Zahira Batool
Summary: This study aimed to explore individual perceptions of and vulnerabilities to climate change among small livestock herders in Pakistan. The results indicated that Dera Ghazi Khan district is more vulnerable to climate change, and all zones experience regular livelihood risks.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Devin Rocks, Heining Cham, Marija Kundakovic
Summary: Incorporating the estrous cycle variable into neuroscience research design and data analysis can enhance resolution and quality, promote the health of women and other menstruators, and make research more gender-inclusive.
BIOLOGY OF SEX DIFFERENCES
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Martin-A. Svenning, Morten Falkegard, J. Brian Dempson, Michael Power, Bard-Jorgen Bardsen, Gudni Guobergsson, Per Fauchald
Summary: Warming temperatures due to climate change may affect the distribution and abundance of freshwater fish species, with different species showing varying responses to temperature changes. A study in northern Europe found that increased temperatures led to changes in the catch composition of anadromous salmonids, with Arctic charr decreasing and brown trout increasing in proportion. Atlantic salmon remained stable in relative catch.
FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Mariella Evelyn Guere, Jorn Vage, Helene Tharaldsen, Kjersti Sternang Kvie, Bard-Jorgen Bardsen, Sylvie Lafond Benestad, Turid Vikoren, Knut Madslien, Christer Moe Rolandsen, Michael Andreas Tranulis, Knut Hakon Roed
Summary: The susceptibility of cervids to Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) in Norway is modulated by variations in the prion protein gene (PRNP), with different species having different levels of susceptibility. The PRNP genetic data indicate considerable susceptibility to CWD among Norwegian cervids, and suggest that PRNP homozygosity may be a risk factor for the atypical CWD observed in moose. The CWD isolates found in Norwegian cervids differ from those previously found in Canada and USA, indicating potential strain dynamics related to PRNP variability.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Elisabeth Hansen, Tove Skotnes, Jan Ove Bustnes, Bjorn Helander, Igor Eulaers, Jiachen Sun, Adrian Covaci, Bard-Jorgen Bardsen, Sandrine Zahn, Francois Criscuolo, Sophie Bourgeon
Summary: This study investigated telomere lengths in white-tailed eagle nestlings and found significant year-to-year variations, but no correlation with concentrations of persistent organic pollutants.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jan Ove Bustnes, Bard-Jorgen Bardsen, Dorte Herzke, Georg Bangjord, Sophie Bourgeon, Clementine Fritsch, Igor Eulaers
Summary: The concentrations of legacy organochlorines and perfluoroalkyl substances in tawny owl eggs in central Norway have shown varying trends over the past few decades. Most legacy OCs and PFOS have not reached a lower threshold with stable background levels, and voluntary elimination of perfluoroalkyl carboxylates has not resulted in declining levels in tawny owls in central Norway.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Ornithology
Bard-Jorgen Bardsen, Jan Ove Bustnes
Summary: The majority of the world's seabirds are experiencing population declines, with nest predation being identified as a potentially important mechanism. This study assessed the population viability of the lesser black-backed gull under different scenarios of nest predation and environmental conditions, and found that nest predation played a vital role in limiting population growth.
JOURNAL OF AVIAN BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Anthropology
Guro Lovise Hole Fisktjonmo, Marius Warg Naess
Summary: The outbreak of COVID-19 has had varying impacts on Norwegian reindeer husbandry and its management system. Reindeer herders experienced little to no impact on their daily work, but faced negative effects on work in corrals, income, and slaughter. Employees in the management system faced challenges in communication, visits, and control. While the government's communication of COVID-19 information and prevention measures satisfied the employees, the herders were dissatisfied.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jan Ove Bustnes, Bard-Jorgen Bardsen, Dorte Herzke, Georg Bangjord, Sophie Bourgeon, Clementine Fritsch, Igor Eulaers
Summary: This study compared the exposure of organohalogenated contaminants (OHCs) in two avian predator species in different ecosystems. The results showed that the proportional distribution of OHCs and PFASs was similar in the two species. However, the concentrations of PFASs were higher in goldeneye ducks than in tawny owls. The main OC components in goldeneyes were persistent polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), while OC-pesticides dominated in tawny owls. Moreover, most OC pesticides and less persistent PCB101 declined in concentration in both species, while PFOS declined in tawny owls but remained stable in goldeneyes.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Ashild O. Pedersen, Bard-Jorgen Bardsen, Vebjorn Veiberg, Robert Justin Irvine, Brage B. Hansen
Summary: Hunter-collected data and samples are used to monitor the population performance of high Arctic reindeer. Skeleton size measurements, such as lower jawbone length and hind-leg length, can serve as good predictors of carcass mass, especially in young age classes. However, the relationships weaken in adults due to skeletal growth ceasing and increased variance in mass with age, potentially caused by annual environmental fluctuations.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jan Ove Bustnes, Bard-Jorgen Bardsen, Dorte Herzke, Georg Bangjord, Eric Bollinger, Sophie Bourgeon, Ralf Schulz, Clementine Fritsch, Igor Eulaers
Summary: This study monitored the concentrations of organochlorines (OCs) and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in eggs of the common goldeneye in central Norway over two decades. The results suggest that factors such as diet and egg laying date, as well as winter climate, are associated with the exposure to OCs in goldeneyes.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Quentin Devalloir, Clementine Fritsch, Georg Bangjord, Bard-J Bardsen, Sophie Bourgeon, Igor Eulaers, Jan O. Bustnes
Summary: Due to regulations, the deposition of most toxic metals and metalloids in Europe has decreased over the past few decades. However, little is known about the impact of this reduction on exposure levels in terrestrial food webs. This study used tawny owls as biomonitoring species to investigate temporal and spatial trends of exposure to these elements. The results showed a significant decline in toxic elements over time, while beneficial elements exhibited fluctuations but an overall decline. The distance to potential sources of contamination influenced the spatial patterns and temporal trends of element concentrations.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Tayler N. LaSharr, Rhiannon P. Jakopak, Bard-Jorgen Bardsen, Timothy J. Robinson, Samantha P. H. Dwinnell, Jill Randall, Rusty C. Kaiser, Mark Thonhoff, Brandon Scurlock, Troy Fieseler, Neil Hymas, Kevin L. Monteith
Summary: The balance of resource allocation to life-history traits can have significant consequences for survival, reproduction, and fitness for species in unpredictable environments. Environmental severity, food availability, and population size all influence the allocation of resources in animals. Animals facing extreme resource limitation may allocate resources to body reserves for survival at the cost of reproduction. In contrast, animals in relatively benign landscapes may allocate resources to reproduction. The theory of risk-sensitive allocation suggests that animals may shift resource allocation to building capital over reproduction when exposed to unprecedented or life-threatening conditions. This study on mule deer found that a life-threatening winter and a reduction in population abundance influenced how animals acquired and allocated energy to survival. Fat accumulation was influenced by per capita precipitation and the reduction in population abundance. Fat accrual in preparation for winter was associated with shifts in risk tolerance, supporting the idea of risk-sensitive allocation as an essential adaptation for animals in rapidly changing landscapes.
FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
(2023)
Correction
Ornithology
B. J. Bardsen, J. Ove Bustnes
Summary: This article examines the negative impacts of multiple stressors, specifically nest predation, on the viability of a threatened gull. The study finds that the effect varies depending on different environmental conditions.
JOURNAL OF AVIAN BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
Marius Warg Naess, Bard-Jorgen Bardsen
Summary: The evolution of political complexity has always been an important issue in humanities and social sciences. Despite the pervasiveness of social inequality in contemporary societies, livestock, as the main source of wealth, does not limit the development of inequalities in pastoral societies. A study on reindeer herding in Norway shows that while there are improvements in wealth inequality, rank differences still persist over time. This indicates that pastoral wealth inequality follows a similar pattern to other forms of wealth, where high earners can accumulate more wealth, leading to significant wealth inequality.
HUMANITIES & SOCIAL SCIENCES COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Guro Lovise Hole Fisktjonmo, Bard-Jorgen Bardsen, Ivar Folstad
Summary: The asymmetric grandparental investment in humans may be explained by the paternity uncertainty hypothesis. However, the specific mechanisms leading to grandparental bias in investment in grandchildren are unclear. A study found that comments on resemblance of children occurred more frequently among siblings after both became parents, suggesting that resemblance descriptions may become more important after both siblings have children. Furthermore, sisters were more proactive in commenting on resemblance of their brothers' child, potentially influencing alloparents' perception of resemblance and influencing alloparental investments.
EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Ornithology
Jan Ove Bustnes, Morten Helberg, Bard-Jorgen Bardsen
Summary: This study analyzes the reproductive output of the northern Lesser Black-backed Gull in relation to the occurrence of breeding Ravens. The study finds that the breeding and fledglings brought by Ravens result in a high nest predation rate and a decline in the number of gulls. It also finds that the number of gulls does not decline in neighboring colonies without Ravens.
