Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Zaiqiao Meng, Anya Okhmatovskaia, Maxime Polleri, Yannan Shen, Guido Powell, Zihao Fu, Iris Ganser, Meiru Zhang, Nicholas B. King, David Buckeridge, Nigel Collier
Summary: BioCaster is an ontology-based text mining system that provides early disease detection from open news sources. After a 6-year break, the system has been relaunched in 2021 with upgrades using state-of-the-art neural network language models. Recent extensions include neural machine translation in 10 languages, neural classification of disease outbreak reports, and a new cloud-based visualization dashboard. The vision for further improvements includes combining risk assessment with event semantics and assessing the risk of outbreaks with multi-granularity.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Evans K. Lodge, Annakate M. Schatz, John M. Drake
Summary: This study found significant changes in population isolation rates across multiple outbreaks of EVD, SARS, and MERS, which is crucial for disease modelers to predict the spread of emerging pathogens.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Anthropology
Freya L. Jephcott, James L. N. Wood, Andrew A. Cunningham, J. H. Kofi Bonney, Stephen Nyarko-Ameyaw, Ursula Maier, P. Wenzel Geissler
Summary: This paper examines the processes of hypothesis building and their relationship to the organizational structures of the response in investigating a cryptic encephalitis outbreak in the Brong-Ahafo Region of Ghana. The findings reveal the selective pressures in hypothesis building that favor iterations of pre-existing hypotheses, inhibiting the pursuit of alternative hypotheses regardless of their likelihood.
MEDICAL ANTHROPOLOGY QUARTERLY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dayong Zhou, Liyan Gao, Qiuhui Pan, Mingfeng He
Summary: This study explores the impact of medical resources on the spread of emerging self-limiting infectious diseases. The results show that increasing the isolation rate of severe infection patients requires more medical resources when the isolation rate of mild infection patients is low. On the other hand, increasing the isolation rate of severe infection patients reduces the availability of medical resources when the isolation rate of mild infection patients is high. Overwhelmed medical resources also lead to an increase in the number of deaths.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Business, Finance
Fangcheng Sun, Shantanu Dutta, Hui Huang, Pengcheng Zhu
Summary: The study demonstrates that media coverage can reduce profitability of insider trading, while negative tone in media reports is positively correlated with future insider trading profitability. Furthermore, the predictive power of media is enhanced by a firm's good governance structure and low level of information asymmetry.
EMERGING MARKETS REVIEW
(2021)
Article
Communication
Han Lin, Yi Wang, Yonghwan Kim
Summary: Personalized news recommendations shape the information environment of social media users, but how news recommendation algorithms asymmetrically influence users' news engagement is unclear. This study applies the three-level digital divide framework to test a moderated mediation model, finding that the indirect effects of social media usage motivations on social capital through news engagement depend on the level of algorithmic news usage. News algorithms can help information- and socialization-oriented users increase news engagement and develop social capital, but they do not assist highly entertainment-focused users in increasing news engagement or developing social capital effectively. The study discusses the possibility that news recommendation algorithms exacerbate information inequality by leading to a Matthew effect.
NEW MEDIA & SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Adriana Trotta, Mariarosaria Marinaro, Alessandra Cavalli, Marco Cordisco, Angela Piperis, Canio Buonavoglia, Marialaura Corrente
Summary: In recent years, fake scientific news has rapidly spread through the Internet and social media, leading to the so-called infodemic. African Swine Fever (ASF) serves as a case study to demonstrate how fake news can undermine public health response. ASF is a highly contagious disease that only affects pigs, but since 2018, media outlets have frequently reported false or misleading news, causing concerns about human health. Some organizations have created easily understandable infographic materials to help readers identify fake news.
Review
Virology
Nicholas I. Nii-Trebi, Thomas S. Mughogho, Anisa Abdulai, Francis Tetteh, Priscilla M. Ofosu, Mary-Magdalene Osei, Akua K. Yalley
Summary: Infectious diseases, primarily caused by viruses, have been a major threat to global health, with increasing frequency of outbreaks over the past century. Low- and middle-income countries have been disproportionately affected. Despite advancements in pandemic preparedness, each new outbreak poses significant challenges to humanity, exposing inadequate understanding of viral disease dynamics.
REVIEWS IN MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Wei Wei, Yubei Liu, Na Zhou, Min Tian, Longsheng Xie, Roger Watson, Fengling Dai, Yanhua Chen, Weili Hu
Summary: This study aimed to construct an index system for evaluating the personal emergency preparedness of the general public during major emerging infectious diseases (MEIDs). After two rounds of expert consultation, a comprehensive evaluation index system with five first-level indicators, 20 second-level indicators, and 53 third-level indicators was established. The system can serve as a foundation for the development of assessment tools and provide guidance for future education and training on emergency preparedness for the general public.
Article
Pediatrics
Susanna Esposito, Rosanna Giordano, Giulia Paini, Matteo Puntoni, Nicola Principi, Caterina Caminiti
Summary: Compared with adults and the elderly, currently a larger proportion of children and adolescents are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 and could play a significant role in prolonging the COVID-19 pandemic. Only a rapid increase in vaccination coverage among the pediatric population can effectively address this issue.
ITALIAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Biology
Baptiste Elie, Christian Selinger, Samuel Alizon
Summary: There is heterogeneity in infectious disease transmission patterns between individuals, which can affect epidemiological dynamics. Studies have found that heterogeneity in the number of secondary cases decreases the probability of outbreak emergence, and more realistic infection duration distributions lead to faster outbreaks and higher epidemic peaks. The impact of heterogeneity depends on the underlying evolutionary model when parasites require adaptive mutations for large epidemics. These findings emphasize the importance of accounting for realistic distributions of transmission rates in epidemiological dynamics.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Business
Burcu Ozgun, Tom Broekel
Summary: This study explores the variations in frequency and sentiments of news related to innovation and new technologies at both country and subnational levels. The findings suggest a strong link between these variations and regional socio-economic structures. Urban areas and regions with low unemployment tend to feature more news on innovation and new technologies, with the sentiments of these news articles being negatively associated with the unemployment rate and more prevalent in national newspapers compared to regional ones.
TECHNOLOGICAL FORECASTING AND SOCIAL CHANGE
(2021)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Michael Brooks
Summary: The multitude of standards often leads to the loss of shareable and verifiable microscopy data, prompting biologists to seek a solution.
Article
Communication
Edward Hurcombe, Jean Burgess, Stephen Harrington
Summary: This article discusses the emerging genre of 'social news' which is characterized by a 'born-digital' form of journalism and how it departs from traditional journalistic norms by emphasizing positionality and critiquing ideas like 'balance'. It argues that social news showcases the progressive potential of new forms of journalism that have emerged from technological and economic developments, concluding with a call for further research in the field.
Article
Communication
Ruben Vandenplas, Pauljan Truyens, Sarah Vis, Ike Picone
Summary: Young news users avoid the news mainly due to loss of interest in specific news topics or media content, in addition, they also desire more control over their information consumption.
JOURNALISM STUDIES
(2021)