Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ying Wang, Zhi Wang, Huiping Yang, Shuze Chen, Dekai Zheng, Xiuying Liu, Qinrui Jiang, Ye Chen
Summary: This study demonstrates the significant improvement of metformin on chronic colitis-related intestinal fibrosis, and reveals its possible mechanism. Metformin attenuates intestinal fibrosis by suppressing Smad3 phosphorylation and inhibiting fibroblast activation, proliferation, and collagen production.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wenying Zhang, Guang Rong, Jinge Gu, Cuiling Fan, Tingting Guo, Tingting Jiang, Weiqian Deng, Jiayu Xie, Zhihua Su, Qimin Yu, Jingyi Mai, Rinan Zheng, Xingling Chen, Xun Tang, Jun Zhang
Summary: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health problem characterized by damage to the kidney structure and function. Tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) is an inevitable pathological change in CKD and plays a role in its progression. This study investigated the protective effect of Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) and its metabolite 1-methylnicotinamide (MNAM) on TIF and the mechanisms involved. The results showed that NNMT and MNAM have potential protective effects on TIF, with NNMT increasing MNAM concentration to exert antifibrotic effects, and MNAM blocking the interaction of Smad3 with TGF beta receptor I for renal protection.
Article
Immunology
Sonia Kiran, Mousumi Mandal, Ahmed Rakib, Amandeep Bajwa, Udai P. Singh
Summary: This study investigates the role and mechanism of miR-10a-3p in adipose inflammation and adipogenesis using ex vivo and in vitro approaches. The findings suggest that miR-10a-3p mimic reduces the expression of inflammatory cells and cytokines, and induces the expression of FoxP3 in adipose tissue. In vitro experiments also show that miR-10a-3p mimic reduces the expression of inflammatory genes and lipid accumulation. This study provides a new opportunity for the development of miR-10a-3p as a novel therapeutic for adipose inflammation and its associated metabolic disorders.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaohe Li, Yunqian Zhai, Buri Xi, Wei Ma, Jianwei Zhang, Xiaoyang Ma, Yang Miao, Yongjian Zhao, Wen Ning, Honggang Zhou, Cheng Yang
Summary: Pinocembrin has been shown to effectively suppress skin fibrosis by inhibiting the proliferation and migration of keloid fibroblasts and dermal fibroblasts. In vivo experiments have also confirmed the therapeutic potential of pinocembrin for skin fibrosis.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Shiwei Wang, Lingling He, Fan Xiao, Meixin Gao, Herui Wei, Junru Yang, Yang Shu, Fuyang Zhang, Xiaohui Ye, Ping Li, Xiaohua Hao, Xingang Zhou, Hongshan Wei
Summary: GLT25D1 is upregulated in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) during liver fibrosis and promotes the progression of fibrosis by affecting HSC activation and collagen stability.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yifan Chen, Hanwei Yin, Jing Sun, Guozhou Zhang, Ying Zhang, Huihui Zeng
Summary: This study demonstrates that butaselen is a potential drug for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting the NF-κB/TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway. Additionally, butaselen and dexamethasone have a synergistic effect in inhibiting pulmonary fibrosis.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Zhenyu Liu, Weili Wang, Xueqin Li, Sha Tang, Dongwei Meng, Wenli Xia, Hong Wang, Yuzhang Wu, Xinyuan Zhou, Jingbo Zhang
Summary: Capsaicin can effectively alleviate renal fibrosis, possibly by suppressing the activation of myofibroblasts and protecting against the phenotypic alteration of tubular epithelial cells. This is mainly achieved through the inhibition of the TGF-beta 1-Smad2/3 signaling pathway.
Article
Cell Biology
Shan Song, Chonglin Shi, Yawei Bian, Zhaohua Yang, Lin Mu, Haijiang Wu, Huijun Duan, Yonghong Shi
Summary: The study found that Sestrin2 is low-expressed in diabetic kidney disease and can alleviate podocyte injury by modulating the activity of TSP-1/TGF-beta 1/Smad3 pathway.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
F. Tian, Z-Y Zhang, J. Sun, Y-C Han
Summary: The study found that miR-207 expression was positively correlated with the severity of renal fibrosis, and miR-207 promoted the progression of renal fibrosis through the TGF-beta 1/Smad3 signals.
EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Lei Liu, Jia Guo, Xin-lu Pang, Wen-jun Shang, Zhi-gang Wang, Jun-xiang Wang, Xian-lei Yang, Gui-wen Feng
Summary: This study confirms that tacrolimus upregulates NORAD to compete with miR-136-5p, resulting in the downregulation of miR-136-5p expression, which activates the TGF-beta 1/Smad3 pathway and ultimately aggravates renal fibrosis.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Mi-Gyeong Gwon, Hyun-Jin An, Hyemin Gu, Young-Ah Kim, Sang Mi Han, Kwan-Kyu Park
Summary: Renal fibrosis is a progressive and chronic process that affects patients with chronic kidney disease, leading to irreversible failure of renal function. TGF-beta 1 signaling plays a key role in inducing myofibroblast activation and extracellular matrix production in renal fibrosis. Apamin has been shown to have a beneficial effect in inhibiting renal fibrosis through the modulation of TGF-beta 1 signaling pathways.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE-JMM
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Guojing Ma, Feng Chen, Yixuan Liu, Lixia Zheng, Xuehan Jiang, Huanlian Tian, Xiaoxun Wang, Xiaoyu Song, Yang Yu, Difei Wang
Summary: Nur77 targets fibrosis signals and attenuates renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis, making it a potential therapeutic target for chronic kidney disease.
Article
Immunology
Ting-Ting Li, Xiao-Wei Su, Lin-Lin Chen, Wan-Nian Zhang, Jun-Ping Zhang, Yan Wang, Wei-Heng Xu
Summary: Hepatic fibrosis is a stage of chronic liver disease that can lead to cirrhosis or liver cancer. The activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is a crucial event in fibrosis development and inhibiting this activation has been shown to alleviate fibrosis. Roxarsone, an organoarsenic additive used in livestock production, has been found to inhibit HSC activation and improve liver function in a mouse model of fibrosis. These findings suggest that Roxarsone could be a potential treatment for liver fibrosis.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Maolin Wang, Menglan Wang, Jie Zhao, He Xu, Yujie Xi, Hongjun Yang
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the effects of Dengzhan Shengmai capsule (DZSMC) on cardiac fibrosis after myocardial infarction (MI) and investigate its underlying mechanism. The results showed that DZSMC significantly improved cardiac function and inhibited pathological myocardial fibrosis, possibly by suppressing cardiac fibroblasts activation and reducing excessive extracellular matrix deposition.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rohan Reddy Nagavally, Siddharth Sunilkumar, Mumtaz Akhtar, Louis D. Trombetta, Sue M. Ford
Summary: Chrysin demonstrates nephroprotective effects against CsA-induced renal dysfunction and fibrosis by inhibiting TGF-beta(1)-dependent EMT in proximal tubule cells through modulation of Smad-dependent and independent signaling pathways.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Psychology
Amit Rawal, Philip Tseng
Summary: The study shows that the reported VSL effect in the RSVP task is eliminated when the RSVP stream is fully counterbalanced, and reappears when the RSVP stream returns to its original pseudorandomized design. Importantly, a stream location effect is observed in both experiments, where RT gradually becomes faster to reflect the hazard rate of target appearance, which may have been the factor driving previously reported VSL effects.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-LEARNING MEMORY AND COGNITION
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Wei-Kuang Liang, Philip Tseng, Jia-Rong Yeh, Norden E. Huang, Chi-Hung Juan
Summary: The study found that AM strength in mid-frontal beta and gamma oscillations during late VWM maintenance and retrieval correlated with individuals' VWM performance. When altering behavioral performance with transcranial electric stimulation, changes in beta AM power during late VWM maintenance tracked participants' VWM variations, highlighting the potential role of beta AM in coding VWM information.
Article
Neurosciences
Prangya Parimita Sahu, Philip Tseng
Summary: Research indicates that both theta tACS and retro-cues have significant effects on visual working memory performance, with no interaction between the two factors. Low performers benefit more from tACS, and faster memory decay in the second half of the retention stage may be a key factor in poor visual working memory performance.
NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Shih-Chun Kao, Nicholas Baumgartner, Christian Nagy, Hao-Lun Fu, Cheng-Ta Yang, Chun-Hao Wang
Summary: Aerobic exercise selectively enhances inhibitory control at perceptual and response levels, improving processing capacity and attention, leading to better behavioral outcomes.
Article
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Chien-Chih Chou, Chun-Hao Wang, Bryan McCullick, Ming-Chun Hsueh
Summary: This study found that coordinative exercise has significant effects on improving children's sustained attention and perceptual discrimination. Compared to regular physical activity, coordinative exercise showed more noticeable improvements in task performance. These findings suggest that implementing structured coordinative exercise in school-based physical education settings may be a promising alternative to enhance children's cognitive abilities.
RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Ninik Yunitri, Hsin Chu, Xiao Linda Kang, Bayu Satria Wiratama, Tso-Ying Lee, Li-Fang Chang, Doresses Liu, Christina Yeni Kustanti, Kai-Jo Chiang, Ruey Chen, Philip Tseng, Kuei-Ru Chou
Summary: This study conducted a network meta-analysis to compare the long-term effectiveness of psychotherapies for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults. The results showed that cognitive processing therapy, eye movement desensitisation reprocessing, and cognitive therapy were effective in reducing PTSD symptoms. However, the choice of treatment plan should be individualized based on the needs, characteristics, and expertise of the patient and clinician.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Chun-Hao Wang, Nicholas Baumgartner, Christian Nagy, Hao-Lun Fu, Cheng-Ta Yang, Shih-Chun Kao
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of aerobic fitness on cognitive function following exhaustive exercise using the Systems Factorial Technology (SFT). The results showed that aerobic fitness can enhance the resilience capacity in decision making and mitigate the negative effects of exhaustive exercise. These findings have important implications for individuals who need to perform cognitively challenging tasks under physically stressful conditions.
PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Chien-Chih Chou, Shih-Chun Kao, Cheng-Chen Pan, Bryan McCullick, Hao-Lun Fu, Chun-Hao Wang
Summary: The purpose of this study was to examine the dose-response effects of cognitively engaging movement games (CEMGs) on aerobic capacity, interference control (IC), and academic performance in overweight children, as well as the relationship between these variables. The study found that different doses of CEMG led to significant improvements in aerobic capacity, IC, and academic performance in overweight children, and that IC moderated the association between aerobic capacity and academic performance.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Tony Cheng, Yi Lin, Philip Tseng
Summary: This letter focuses on the cognitive science of consciousness. It highlights that despite significant progress in this interdisciplinary field, there is a tendency to overlook conceptual issues and underestimate the difficulties of various problems. This recent tendency can pose challenges for the progress of consciousness research in cognitive sciences.
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Hanshu Zhang, Shen-Wu Hung, Yu-Pin Chen, Jan-Wen Ku, Philip Tseng, Yueh-Hsun Lu, Cheng-Ta Yang
Summary: Despite the prevalence effect being investigated in medical image perception, little attention has been given to examine the influence of expertise and its interaction with prevalence. This study found that experts, who are experienced in diagnosing hip fractures, exhibited a different shift in criteria compared to novices when faced with different prevalence levels. The results suggest that expertise plays a role in shaping diagnostic criteria, and further understanding this phenomenon can contribute to medical education and clinical diagnosis improvement.
COGNITIVE RESEARCH-PRINCIPLES AND IMPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Chun-Hao Wang, Hao-Lun Fu, Shih-Chun Kao, David Moreau, Cheng-Ta Yang
Summary: This study used a non-parametric approach to assess cognitive performance at the level of reaction time distribution and found that interceptive sport athletes had shorter mean reaction time when processing distracting information, while strategic sport athletes showed higher resilience capacity in early responses. These findings indicate that the two types of open-skill sports may have different processing specificities, potentially reflecting domain-specific rules and requirements.
PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Hao-Lun Fu, Shih-Chun Kao, Cheng-Ta Yang, David Moreau, Chun-Hao Wang
Summary: Previous studies have shown a positive relationship between aerobic fitness and cognitive control, but it's unclear whether different processes and underlying information processing capacity are related to aerobic fitness. To investigate this, a study was conducted using a go/no-go task, event-related potentials (ERPs), and system factorial technology (SFT) with 46 young male adults of varying aerobic fitness levels. The results indicate that high-fit individuals had lower false-alarm rates and more efficient information processing for earlier responses, but there was no difference in processing speed between high-fit and low-fit individuals. Additionally, high-fit individuals exhibited larger N2d amplitudes and shorter P3d latencies during conflict control.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2023)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Prangya Parimita Sahu, Yu-Hui Lo, Philip Tseng
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Shih-Chiang Ke, Ankit Gupta, Yu-Hui Lo, Chih-Chung Ting, Philip Tseng
Summary: The FedEx logo uses figure-ground ambiguity to create an invisible arrow, which is believed to evoke a sense of speed and precision about the brand. However, experiments showed that people do not unconsciously perceive the arrow, but prior knowledge of it can alter visual processing of negative-space logos, leading to faster reactions to images with negative space.
COGNITIVE RESEARCH-PRINCIPLES AND IMPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Yu-Hui Lo, Afee Chiu, Philip Tseng
Summary: Driving a car requires a combination of cognitive functions, and deficits in executive functions can compromise driving safety. Laboratory tests of executive functions may not translate to on-the-road driving performance. This study found that stop signal reaction time best predicted driving performance, and the Iowa gambling task and task-switching test predicted specific driving behaviors in high-frequency and low-frequency drivers, respectively.
PERCEPTUAL AND MOTOR SKILLS
(2023)
