Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kartik Gupta, Rajat Kalra, Mike Pate, Shivaraj Nagalli, Sameer Ather, Indranee Rajapreyar, Pankaj Arora, Ankur Gupta, Wunan Zhou, Raul San Jose Estepar, Marcelo Di Carli, Sumanth D. Prabhu, Navkaranbir S. Bajaj
Summary: This study investigated the predictive value of circulating immune cell markers for cardiovascular mortality in ambulatory adults without cardiovascular disease, finding that MLR had the best predictive value. Adding MLR to the 10-year ASCVD risk score significantly improved risk classification for participants.
MAYO CLINIC PROCEEDINGS
(2021)
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
David D. Berg, Christian T. Ruff, David A. Morrow
Summary: This review discusses the use of circulating biomarkers to predict the risks of AF and its complications. Biomarkers reflecting pathophysiologic mechanisms can identify patients at higher risk for developing AF, S/SEE, or major bleeding. Biomarker-based risk scores, like ABC-stroke and ABC-bleeding, improve risk stratification compared to traditional clinical risk scores.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Alexander Liu, Robert Hammond, Kenneth Chan, Chukwugozie Chukwuenweniwe, Rebecca Johnson, Duaa Khair, Eleanor Duck, Oluwaseun Olubodun, Kristian Barwick, Winston Banya, James Stirrup, Peter D. Donnelly, Juan Carlos Kaski, Anthony R. M. Coates
Summary: In COVID-19 patients, the lymphocyte-CRP ratio (LCR) shows promise as a biomarker for predicting adverse outcomes. This study compared the prognostic value of LCR with conventional inflammatory markers and found that LCR performed similarly to CRP and outperformed other markers for predicting mortality in COVID-19 patients. Further studies are needed to enhance the diagnostic value of LCR for clinical translation.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Han-Yu Zhang, Zhao-Qing Lu, Guo-Xing Wang, Miao-Rong Xie, Chun-Sheng Li
Summary: The study assessed the grading value of presepsin in patients with acute cholangitis, showing that presepsin is a promising biomarker for predicting the severity of cholangitis and outperforms other traditional indicators.
WORLD JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CASES
(2021)
Review
Respiratory System
Ashar Dhana, Rishi K. Gupta, Yohhei Hamada, Andre P. Kengne, Andrew D. Kerkhoff, Christina Yoon, Adithya Cattamanchi, Byron W. P. Reeve, Grant Theron, Gcobisa Ndlangalavu, Robin Wood, Paul K. Drain, Claire J. Calderwood, Mahdad Noursadeghi, Tom Boyles, Graeme Meintjes, Gary Maartens, David A. Barr
Summary: This study compared the performance of WHO-recommended tuberculosis screening tools with two newly developed clinical prediction models (CPMs) among outpatient people living with HIV. The results showed that C-reactive protein (CRP) performed the best as a screening tool, and the choice between using CRP or a CPM depends on available resources.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Jiandong Zhou, Sharen Lee, Wing Tak Wong, Khalid Bin Waleed, Keith Sai Kit Leung, Teddy Tai Loy Lee, Abraham Ka Chung Wai, Tong Liu, Carlin Chang, Bernard Man Yung Cheung, Qingpeng Zhang, Gary Tse
Summary: The study found nonlinear associations between blood pressure and its variability with the time to dementia presentation, and developed gender-specific risk scores that showed high predictive strengths for both male and female patients. The incorporation of blood pressure variability in clinical risk scores improved the accuracy of predicting incident dementia, demonstrating the importance of considering blood pressure variability in dementia development.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Philipp Strauss, Mariell Rivedal, Andreas Scherer, Oystein Eikrem, Sigrid Nakken, Christian Beisland, Leif Bostad, Arnar Flatberg, Eleni Skandalou, Vidar Beisvag, Jessica Furriol, Hans-Peter Marti
Summary: This study investigated the differences in transcriptome, miRNA, and proteomic data in low-risk tumors progressing and non-progressing in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) patients. The researchers identified differentially expressed proteins, mRNAs, and miRNAs between progressing and non-progressing tumors. They developed a classifier using a combination of proteins, genes, and miRNAs that effectively differentiated progressing and non-progressing ccRCC, potentially aiding in the early identification of low-risk patients requiring closer surveillance and treatment adjustments.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Britton Trabert, Cassandra A. Hathaway, Megan S. Rice, Eric B. Rimm, Patrick M. Sluss, Kathryn L. Terry, Oana A. Zeleznik, Shelley S. Tworoger
Summary: Data from two large prospective studies in the United States and United Kingdom suggest that total cholesterol levels may be inversely associated with ovarian cancer risk, while triglycerides may be positively associated with risk, especially when assessed at least 2 years before diagnosis.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Haegeun Song, Jong-Hwa Ahn, Min Gyu Kang, Kye-Hwan Kim, Jae Seok Bae, Sang Young Cho, Jin-Sin Koh, Yongwhi Park, Seok-Jae Hwang, Eun Jeong Cho, Kyeongmin Byeon, Sang-Wook Kim, Udaya S. Tantry, Paul A. Gurbel, Jin-Yong Hwang, Young-Hoon Jeong
Summary: This study investigated the changes in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels before and after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in East Asian patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and stable disease, and compared them to clinical outcomes. The results showed that AMI patients had higher baseline and 1-month post-PCI hs-CRP levels compared to non-AMI patients, and a high inflammatory-risk phenotype was associated with 1-month major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in AMI patients. However, hs-CRP levels were associated with late-phase MACE regardless of the severity of the disease.
THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Enbo Ma, Taichi Shimazu, Minkyo Song, Hadrien Charvat, Norie Sawada, Taiki Yamaji, Manami Inoue, M. Constanza Camargo, Troy J. Kemp, Ruth M. Pfeiffer, Ligia A. Pinto, Charles S. Rabkin, Shoichiro Tsugane
Summary: This study found no significant associations between 62 inflammatory markers and pancreatic cancer risk, but further investigation is warranted for the suggestive association with circulating levels of leukocyte recruiting cytokine CCL8/MCP2.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Michael Drozd, Mar Pujades-Rodriguez, Ann W. Morgan, Patrick J. Lillie, Klaus K. Witte, Mark T. Kearney, Richard M. Cubbon
Summary: Systemic inflammation assessed using C-reactive protein is common in many chronic diseases and is associated with increased long-term risk of fatal infection.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sen Yang, Huaxin Zhao, Ran Cui, Le Ma, Xuhua Ge, Qiangqiang Fu, Dehua Yu, Xiaomin Niu
Summary: This study found that increased CRP and LDH were risk factors for severe events in all COVID-19 patients. Compared to noncancer patients, cancer patients undergoing regular follow-up without anticancer treatment had a higher incidence of hypoalbuminemia complications and longer hospitalization.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Setor K. Kunutsor, Jari A. Laukkanen
Summary: This study aimed to assess the association between CAR and pneumonia risk. The study found that elevated serum CAR and CRP levels were each associated with an increased risk of pneumonia in middle-aged and older Finnish men. No significant association was found between serum albumin and pneumonia risk.
RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Kai M. Eggers, Tomasz Baron, Marcus Hjort, Anna M. Nordenskjold, Per Tornvall, Bertil Lindahl
Summary: The study found no specific inflammatory pattern in acute MINOCA compared to MI-CAD, but CRP levels were independently and moderately associated with adverse outcomes.
CLINICAL CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Tong Liu, Qingsong Zhang, Chunhua Song, Sarah Tan Siyin, Shuohua Chen, Qi Zhang, Mengmeng Song, Liying Cao, Hanping Shi
Summary: This study found that the long-term patterns of CRP concentration are associated with cancer risk, and different CRP trajectory patterns are associated with different types of cancer risks.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sarah Cohen, Aihua Liu, Fei Wang, Liming Guo, James M. Brophy, Michal Abrahamowicz, Judith Therrien, Luc M. Beauchesne, Elisabeth Bedard, Jasmine Grewal, Paul Khairy, Erwin Oechslin, S. Lucy Roche, Candice K. Silversides, Isabelle F. Vonder Muhll, Ariane J. Marelli
Summary: The study aimed to develop a risk prediction system for HF hospitalization in ACHD patients and successfully identified high-risk patients using predictors such as age, sex, CHD lesion severity, recent HFH history, and comorbidities. The risk scoring system showed excellent prediction performance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Michelle Samuel, James M. Brophy, Laura D'Aronco, Jean-Claude Tardif, Paul Khairy
Summary: The presence of immortal time bias (ITB) in observational studies assessing the effectiveness of radiofrequency catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) on reduction of strokes was evaluated. 80% of the studies were found to be subject to ITB. Pooled studies without ITB did not show a statistically significant reduction in incident strokes.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
James M. Brophy
Summary: The traditional statistical analysis in randomized clinical trials using P values within a null hypothesis significance testing paradigm has limitations and high potential for misinterpretations, but these issues are often overlooked in clinical literature. The reliance on P < 0.05 as a determining factor for clinical adoption of trial results can lead to biases and misinterpretations, highlighting the importance of considering other factors in research interpretation.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Todd C. Lee, Emily G. McDonald, Guillaume Butler-Laporte, Luke B. Harrison, Matthew P. Cheng, James M. Brophy
Summary: A Bayesian analysis was conducted to examine the probabilities of remdesivir and systemic corticosteroids in reducing mortality among COVID-19 patients, with corticosteroids showing more potential in reducing mortality in patients with varying oxygen requirements.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sylvie Perreault, Alice Dragomir, Robert Cote, Aurelie Lenglet, Brian White-Guay, Simon de Denus, Mireille E. Schnitzer, Marie-Pierre Dube, James M. Brophy, Marc Dorais, Jean-Claude Tardif
Summary: This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of high-dose rivaroxaban and apixaban in patients with atrial fibrillation. The results showed that patients treated with high-dose rivaroxaban had a higher risk of stroke/systemic embolism/death and worse anticoagulation effectiveness compared to apixaban. Additionally, rivaroxaban presented a less favorable safety profile relative to apixaban.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Amir Razaghizad, Emily Oulousian, Varinder Kaur Randhawa, Joao Pedro Ferreira, James M. Brophy, Stephen J. Greene, Julian Guida, G. Michael Felker, Marat Fudim, Michael Tsoukas, Tricia M. Peters, Thomas A. Mavrakanas, Nadia Giannetti, Justin Ezekowitz, Abhinav Sharma
Summary: Most prediction models for hospitalization for heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes have potential concerns with risk of bias or applicability, and uncertain external validity and clinical impact. Future research is needed to address these knowledge gaps.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
James M. Brophy
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Julie Rouette, Emily G. McDonald, Tibor Schuster, James M. Brophy, Laurent Azoulay
Summary: This study describes the prescribing trends of antihypertensive drugs in primary care patients and assesses the treatment trajectory of patients with hypertension according to changes in the UK hypertension management guidelines. The findings suggest that most patients are prescribed guideline-recommended first-line agents, but not all patients receive recommended drugs, particularly females, potentially leading to suboptimal cardiovascular outcomes.
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
James M. Brophy
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Xuanqian Xie, Chunmei Li, Sean Tiggelaar, Frances Simbulan, Lindsey Falk, James M. Brophy
Summary: This study developed a rapid cross-validation screening tool to evaluate the quality and credibility of economic evidence. The tool uses a qualitative approach under a Bayesian framework, utilizing prior health economic evidence for assessment. Practical considerations and an application of the tool are described in this article.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Julie Rouette, Emily G. G. McDonald, Tibor Schuster, James M. M. Brophy, Laurent Azoulay
Summary: In this population-based cohort study, new users of dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (dCCBs) were not found to have an increased risk of pancreatic cancer compared to new users of thiazide diuretics after a median follow-up of 4.5 years. These findings provide reassurance regarding the long-term safety of these drugs in relation to pancreatic cancer risk.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
James M. Brophy, Lyne Nadeau
Summary: This study found that compared to patients discharged on amiodarone, patients who received a dronedarone discharge prescription had an increased risk of recurrent cardiovascular-related hospitalization and death over a one-year follow-up period.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
James M. Brophy, Lyne Nadeau
Summary: This retrospective cohort claims database study explores the optimal drug choice for rate control in atrial fibrillation patients. The study finds that discharge prescriptions for digoxin alone or a combination of digoxin and beta-blockers are not associated with increased risk of recurrent cardiovascular hospitalizations and death compared to prescriptions for beta-blockers alone. More research is needed to improve the precision of these estimates.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
James M. Brophy
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Awa Diop, Caroline Sirois, Jason Robert Guertin, Mireille E. Schnitzer, Bernard Candas, Benoit Cossette, Paul Poirier, James Brophy, Miceline Mesidor, Claudia Blais, Denis Hamel, Mina Tadrous, Lisa Lix, Denis Talbot
Summary: Latent class growth analysis combined with marginal structural modeling is proposed to classify individuals based on medication adherence pattern and estimate the effect of statin-usage trajectories on a first cardiovascular event. Simulation studies and analysis of real data demonstrate that our approach yields estimators with little or no bias.
STATISTICAL METHODS IN MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2023)