Article
Oncology
Muhittin Akarsu, Guentulu Ak, Emine Dundar, Muzaffer Metintas
Summary: This study identified the PIK3R4 gene as directly associated with the development of mesothelioma and also found other genes associated with cancer. Further research is needed to determine the specific gene region through scanning first-degree relatives of individuals.
JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Hye-Won Cho, Hyun-Seok Jin, Yong-Bin Eom
Summary: Most previous GWAS studies on anthropometric traits focused on European populations, while this study involving Korean individuals identified new genetic factors associated with these traits. Comparisons with previous studies revealed novel loci and unique genetic variants specific to the Asian population. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the genetic effects on anthropometric phenotypes in East Asians.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Valeria Panzetta, Ida Musella, Sabato Fusco, Paolo A. Netti
Summary: Malignant pleural mesothelioma is a rare but devastating tumor that is difficult to diagnose and treat effectively. Effusion cytology, although used for diagnosis, is time-consuming and has limited sensitivity. Therefore, alternative research methods are needed to support early diagnosis. Mechanobiology offers new perspectives and diagnostic tools for the mechanical and biophysical characterization of malignant pleural mesothelioma cells.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hyun-Ju An, Jae-Hwa Kim, Siyeong Yoon, Junwon Choi, Jeongmo Koo, Soonchul Lee
Summary: This study aimed to identify specific genes or genetic variants associated with rotator cuff tears through a genome-wide association study. More than 20 significantly associated SNPs were found. However, the study was limited by the small sample size and requires further validation. Nevertheless, the identification of potential genetic variants related to rotator cuff injury would aid in the early detection of individuals at risk and provide insight into future gene therapies.
Article
Oncology
Marika Sculco, Marta La Vecchia, Anna Aspesi, Giulia Pinton, Michela G. Clavenna, Elisabetta Casalone, Alessandra Allione, Federica Grosso, Roberta Libener, Alberto Muzio, Ottavio Rena, Guido Baietto, Sara Parini, Renzo Boldorini, Daniela Giachino, Mauro Papotti, Giorgio Scagliotti, Enrica Migliore, Dario Mirabelli, Laura Moro, Corrado Magnani, Daniela Ferrante, Giuseppe Matullo, Irma Dianzani
Summary: This study aimed to search for new predisposing genes and assess the prevalence of pathogenic variants (PVs) in DNA repair genes in 113 unselected patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), and evaluate the sensitivity of these patients to tailored treatments. The researchers identified PVs in approximately 7% of the MPM patients, mainly in genes involved in DNA repair. In vitro studies showed that a specific treatment induced apoptosis in MPM cells with DNA repair insufficiency. These findings suggest the potential benefits of personalized treatments for MPM patients with DNA repair defects.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Antonia Marazioti, Anthi C. Krontira, Sabine J. Behrend, Georgia A. Giotopoulou, Giannoula Ntaliarda, Christophe Blanquart, Hasan Bayram, Marianthi Iliopoulou, Malamati Vreka, Lilith Trassl, Mario A. A. Pepe, Caroline M. Hackl, Laura Klotz, Stefanie A. Weiss, Ina Koch, Michael Lindner, Rudolph A. Hatz, Juergen Behr, Darcy E. Wagner, Helen Papadaki, Sophia G. Antimisiaris, Didier Jean, Sophie Deshayes, Marc Gregoire, Ozgecan Kayalar, Deniz Mortazavi, Sukru Dilege, Serhan Tanju, Suat Erus, Omer Yavuz, Pinar Bulutay, Pinar Firat, Ioannis Psallidas, Magda Spella, Ioanna Giopanou, Ioannis Lilis, Anne-Sophie Lamort, Georgios T. Stathopoulos
Summary: A portion of human MPM cases have mutations in KRAS, and mouse models suggest that KRAS mutations can lead to MPM, especially when combined with TP53 deletion. These findings indicate that KRAS alterations may play an important and underestimated role in certain MPM patients.
EMBO MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Sam M. Janes, Doraid Alrifai, Dean A. Fennell
Summary: Mesothelioma, mostly caused by asbestos exposure, has a decreasing incidence but high mortality due to late diagnosis and treatment resistance. Pemetrexed-cisplatin and immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown modest survival extension.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Gabriel Cuellar-Partida, Joyce Y. Tung, Nicholas Eriksson, Eva Albrecht, Fazil Aliev, Ole A. Andreassen, Ines Barroso, Jacques S. Beckmann, Marco P. Boks, Dorret I. Boomsma, Heather A. Boyd, Monique M. B. Breteler, Harry Campbell, Daniel I. Chasman, Lynn F. Cherkas, Gail Davies, Eco J. C. de Geus, Ian J. Deary, Panos Deloukas, Danielle M. Dick, David L. Duffy, Johan G. Eriksson, Tonu Esko, Bjarke Feenstra, Frank Geller, Christian Gieger, Ina Giegling, Scott D. Gordon, Jiali Han, Thomas F. Hansen, Annette M. Hartmann, Caroline Hayward, Kauko Heikkila, Andrew A. Hicks, Joel N. Hirschhorn, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Jennifer E. Huffman, Liang-Dar Hwang, M. Arfan Ikram, Jaakko Kaprio, John P. Kemp, Kay-Tee Khaw, Norman Klopp, Bettina Konte, Zoltan Kutalik, Jari Lahti, Xin Li, Ruth J. F. Loos, Michelle Luciano, Sigurdur H. Magnusson, Massimo Mangino, Pedro Marques-Vidal, Nicholas G. Martin, Wendy L. McArdle, Mark I. McCarthy, Carolina Medina-Gomez, Mads Melbye, Scott A. Melville, Andres Metspalu, Lili Milani, Vincent Mooser, Mari Nelis, Dale R. Nyholt, Kevin S. O'Connell, Roel A. Ophoff, Cameron Palmer, Aarno Palotie, Teemu Palviainen, Guillaume Pare, Lavinia Paternoster, Leena Peltonen, Brenda W. J. H. Penninx, Ozren Polasek, Peter P. Pramstaller, Inga Prokopenko, Katri Raikkonen, Samuli Ripatti, Fernando Rivadeneira, Igor Rudan, Dan Rujescu, Johannes H. Smit, George Davey Smith, Jordan W. Smoller, Nicole Soranzo, Tim D. Spector, Beate St Pourcain, John M. Starr, Hreinn Stefansson, Stacy Steinberg, Maris Teder-Laving, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Kari Stefansson, Nicholas J. Timpson, Andre G. Uitterlinden, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Frank J. A. van Rooij, Jaqueline M. Vink, Peter Vollenweider, Eero Vuoksimaa, Gerard Waeber, Nicholas J. Wareham, Nicole Warrington, Dawn Waterworth, Thomas Werge, H. -Erich Wichmann, Elisabeth Widen, Gonneke Willemsen, Alan F. Wright, Margaret J. Wright, Mousheng Xu, Jing Hua Zhao, Peter Kraft, David A. Hinds, Cecilia M. Lindgren, Reedik Magi, Benjamin M. Neale, David M. Evans, Sarah E. Medland
Summary: A genome-wide association study of 1.7 million individuals identified 41 genetic variants associated with left-handedness and 7 associated with ambidexterity. The genetic correlation between the traits was low, thereby implying different aetiologies.
NATURE HUMAN BEHAVIOUR
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Rita Terenziani, Silvia Zoppi, Claudia Fumarola, Roberta Alfieri, Mara Bonelli
Summary: ICIs have emerged as a promising therapeutic option for difficult-to-treat cancers, especially showing superior efficacy in first-line treatment. Immunotherapeutic approaches for malignant pleural mesothelioma have also shown encouraging results. These novel treatments are crucial for the management of this disease.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
DeVon Hunter-Schlichting, Karl T. Kelsey, Ryan Demmer, Manish Patel, Raphael Bueno, Brock Christensen, Naomi Fujioka, Deepa Kolarseri, Heather H. Nelson
Summary: A study found that nearly half of malignant pleural mesothelioma patients have high level current HCMV infection, with a higher detection rate of HCMV DNA in tumor tissue compared to normal pleural tissue, suggesting the pleura may serve as a reservoir for latent HCMV infection.
Review
Oncology
Dean A. Fennell, Sean Dulloo, James Harber
Summary: ICIs have greatly improved the treatment of mesothelioma, but the predictive biological features of response to ICIs are still poorly understood. Rational combinations involving ICIs are being studied and there is emerging evidence of synergistic antitumour activity. Non-ICI-based immunotherapies also show promising efficacy. Results from trials of dendritic cell vaccines and viral cytokine delivery, among others, are eagerly awaited.
NATURE REVIEWS CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Assunta De Rienzo, Melissa H. Coleman, Beow Y. Yeap, David T. Severson, Benjamin Wadowski, Corinne E. Gustafson, Roderick Jensen, Lucian R. Chirieac, William G. Richards, Raphael Bueno
Summary: Sex differences in tumor incidence and prognosis have been documented for many types of cancer, including malignant pleural mesothelioma, where women have lower incidence but longer survival after surgery. High expression of the RAS like estrogen regulated growth inhibitor gene (RERG) is correlated with longer survival in women, but not in men. Further studies are needed to investigate the potential role of RERG in mesothelioma and the involvement of estrogen.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Eugenia Lorenzini, Alessia Ciarrocchi, Federica Torricelli
Summary: Malignant pleural mesothelioma is a clinical emergency strongly associated with asbestos exposure, with a lack of reliable markers for early identification and limited therapeutic options contributing to its high mortality rate. Recent deep profiling studies point to the epigenome as a central element in the development and progression of this cancer.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Alex Dipper, Nick Maskell, Anna Bibby
Summary: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) presents diagnostic challenges, with ancillary diagnostic tests such as immunocytochemical markers, molecular techniques, diagnostic biomarkers, and imaging discussed in cases where histological samples are unavailable or inconclusive. While no single adjunctive test has the sensitivity and specificity to diagnose MPM in isolation, correlation of pleural fluid cytology with radiology and biomarkers can help make an MDT-consensus diagnosis when invasive tests are not feasible.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Federica Morani, Luisa Bisceglia, Giulia Rosini, Luciano Mutti, Ombretta Melaiu, Stefano Landi, Federica Gemignani
Summary: The study identified multiple molecular signatures associated with the progression of malignant pleural mesothelioma, including genes involved in cell adhesion, extracellular matrix organization, mitotic cell division, and apoptosis inhibition. Some proteins were found to potentially drive tumorigenesis, suggesting they could be targets for novel therapies. Further research with small-molecule inhibitors or silencing RNAs is warranted to evaluate the cancer-driving role of the identified targets.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Danila Azzolina, Dario Consonni, Daniela Ferrante, Dario Mirabelli, Stefano Silvestri, Ferdinando Luberto, Alessia Angelini, Francesco Cuccaro, Anna Maria Nannavecchia, Enrico Oddone, Massimo Vicentini, Francesco Barone-Adesi, Tiziana Cena, Lucia Mangone, Francesca Roncaglia, Orietta Sala, Simona Menegozzo, Roberta Pirastu, Sara Tunesi, Elisabetta Chellini, Lucia Miligi, Patrizia Perticaroli, Aldo Pettinari, Vittoria Bressan, Enzo Merler, Paolo Girardi, Lucia Bisceglia, Alessandro Marinaccio, Stefania Massari, Corrado Magnani
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the rate advancement of lung cancer and pleural mesothelioma caused by asbestos exposure. The results showed a significant acceleration in the onset of these diseases after asbestos exposure.
Article
Virology
Alice Monzani, Cinzia Borgogna, Daniela Ferrante, Benedetta Ciacchini, Enrico Felici, Marisa Gariglio, Ivana Rabbone
Summary: The choice of the best SARS-CoV-2 detection approach is crucial to predict the high-risk spreaders among children. This study found that children with nasopharyngeal symptoms have higher levels of viral load in saliva, indicating a greater likelihood of spreading the virus. In contrast, asymptomatic children have low viral load and are unlikely to transmit the virus.
Article
Oncology
Rachel Lloyd, Sarah Pirikahu, Jane Walter, Gemma Cadby, Ellie Darcey, Dilukshi Perera, Martha Hickey, Christobel Saunders, Karol Karnowski, David D. Sampson, John Shepherd, Lothar Lilge, Jennifer Stone
Summary: This study examines the acceptability and performance of two alternative breast density measures, Optical Breast Spectroscopy (OBS) and Dual X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA), in women aged 18-40. The results showed that over 93% of participants deemed OBS and DXA to be acceptable. The correlation between OBS-%water + collagen and %FGV was 0.48, and age and BMI were associated with breast density measures.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sanchez-Alarcon Juana, Milic Mirta, Bonassi Stefano, Gomez-Arroyo Sandra, Cortes- Eslava Josefina, Flores-Marquez Ana Rosa, Valencia- Quintana Rafael Alexander, Valencia-Quintana Rafael
Summary: Mexico is an agriculturally important country with limited biomonitoring data. High pesticide use in horticultural productivity leads to environmental contamination and risks to workers' health. The study shows that horticulturists have significantly higher genetic damage compared to unexposed controls, indicating the need for protective measures and educational programs to prevent health risks.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Piero Barbanti, Cinzia Aurilia, Gabriella Egeo, Paola Torelli, Stefania Proietti, Sabina Cevoli, Stefano Bonassi, Italian Migraine Registry Study Grp
Summary: In a multicenter study assessing the use of anti-CGRP mAbs in patients with high-frequency or chronic migraine, it was found that half of the nonresponders at 12 weeks actually responded later. Efficacy of the treatment should be evaluated at 24 weeks and treatment duration extended beyond 12 months.
Article
Oncology
Michela Giulia Clavenna, Marta La Vecchia, Marika Sculco, Soni Joseph, Elettra Barberis, Elia Amede, Marta Mellai, Silvia Brossa, Giulia Borgonovi, Pietro Occhipinti, Renzo Boldorini, Elisa Robotti, Barbara Azzimonti, Elisa Bona, Edoardo Pasolli, Daniela Ferrante, Marcello Manfredi, Anna Aspesi, Irma Dianzani
Summary: A study found a connection between gut microbiota and colorectal cancer. By analyzing the microbiota and metabolome directly from colon polyps, the researchers identified different bacterial and metabolite signatures that can distinguish between low- and high-grade dysplastic polyps. They also discovered bacterial genera and species enriched in the early stages of tumor development, which may act as drivers of carcinogenesis. Additionally, they revealed that changes in bacterial composition were accompanied by differences in metabolite profiles, indicating the involvement of gut bacteria in the production and consumption of these metabolites. These findings provide valuable insights into the role of specific bacteria in colon carcinogenesis and offer possibilities for microbiota-based preventative measures.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Antonio Giampiero Russo, Marino Faccini, Antonio Riussi, Anna Lamberti, Sara Tunesi, Sabrina Senatore, Rossella Murtas, Frida Fagandini, Adriano Decarli, Walter Bergamaschi
Summary: This study assessed the impact of an intervention developed by ATS Milan at 15-month follow-up on adverse outcomes for COVID-19 high-risk patients. The study found that information dissemination and training intervention through telephone triage and consultation with general practitioners can reduce the risk of COVID-19 infection and adverse outcomes in high-risk individuals.
EPIDEMIOLOGIA & PREVENZIONE
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Atqiya Aishah, Kelly A. Loffler, Barbara Toson, Sutapa Mukherjee, Robert J. Adams, Thomas J. Altree, Henry W. Ainge-Allen, Brendon J. Yee, Ronald R. Grunstein, Jayne C. Carberry, Danny J. Eckert
Summary: The combination of noradrenergic and antimuscarinic agents has the potential to improve upper airway function and reduce the severity of obstructive sleep apnea. In a 30-day study, the use of different doses of the combination therapy (ato-oxy) showed promising results in terms of safety and efficacy.
ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Marco Crocco, Angela Calvi, Francesca Canzoneri, Federica Malerba, Noemi Zampatti, Andrea Chiaro, Serena Arrigo, Paolo Gandullia, Stefania Proietti, Stefano Bonassi
Summary: This study assessed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the number of new-onset celiac disease cases, and found a 14.5% decrease in cases during the pandemic compared to previous years. This is the first study to evaluate the effect of COVID-19 on celiac disease diagnosis in children.
Article
Oncology
Carla Pisani, Federico Mastroleo, Alessandro Collo, Daniela Ferrante, Greta Carabelli, Pierfrancesco Franco, Sergio Riso, Valeria Dell'Era, Massimiliano Garzaro, Paolo Aluffi Valletti, Marco Krengli
Summary: The aim of this study was to analyze the variation in BMI and SMI in HNSCC patients who received exclusive radiotherapy or concurrent chemo-radiotherapy. Using CT scans, the researchers measured skeletal muscle at the C3 vertebra level at the time of diagnosis and 3 months after treatment completion. The results showed a decrease in BMI and an increase in SMI, indicating the effect of nutritional intervention and the potential of SMI as a tool for muscle mass analysis.
Review
Medical Informatics
Luke A. Smith, Lauren Oakden-Rayner, Alix Bird, Minyan Zeng, Minh-Son To, Sutapa Mukherjee, Lyle J. Palmer
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the performance of machine learning and deep learning models in predicting disease progression in COPD patients. The findings suggest that these models do not show significant improvement over existing disease severity scores. The study highlights the need for more rigorous reporting and larger datasets in future research.
LANCET DIGITAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Walter Marrocco, Antonella Galli, Silvestro Scotti, Nicola Calabrese, Paolo Misericordia, Alessandro Dalle Vedove, Gianmarco Marrocco, Antonio Pio D'Ingianna, Andrea Pizzini, Massimo Fini, Carlo Tomino, Stefano Bonassi
Summary: This randomized clinical trial conducted by general practitioners evaluated the effects of a multicomponent intervention for preventing falls in elderly individuals at high risk. The intervention group received counseling, risk assessment, physical activity programs, and nutritional counseling, which resulted in fewer falls compared to the control group. However, there was a small reduction in the number of fallers and an unexpected increase in the risk of fractures in the intervention group.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
R. Conway-Jones, A. James, M. J. Goldacre, O. O. Seminog
Summary: This national study in England confirms and quantifies the association between eating disorders and self-harm. Both men and women admitted to hospital with anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa are at a significantly increased risk of subsequent self-harm. The risk is higher for individuals with bulimia nervosa compared to anorexia nervosa.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EATING DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Atqiya Aishah, Benjamin K. Y. Tong, Amal M. Osman, Geoffrey Pitcher, Michelle Donegan, Benjamin C. H. Kwan, Elizabeth Brown, Thomas J. Altree, Robert Adams, Sutapa Mukherjee, Danny J. Eckert
Summary: By using targeted therapies based on obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) endotype characterization, OSA can be controlled in individuals with an incomplete response to oral appliance therapy (OAT). Additional therapies, such as expiratory positive airway pressure (EPAP) valves and supine avoidance devices, can be used to target specific endotypes and improve treatment outcomes.
ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY
(2023)