Article
Microbiology
Dennis Maletich Junqueira, Caroline Tochetto, Tavis K. Anderson, Danielle Gava, Vanessa Haach, Mauricio E. Cantao, Amy L. Vincent Baker, Rejane Schaefer
Summary: This study analyzed a large number of H1N1pdm09 gene sequences from humans and swine globally between 2009 and 2022, and found that there was rapid transmission of the virus from humans to swine in Brazil during 2009-2011, but most of the infections in swine were self-limited with limited onward transmission. After 2012, there was a reduction in human-to-swine H1N1pdm09 transmissions in Brazil. The study highlights the dynamic interplay between human-to-swine transmission, antigenic drift, and the establishment of swine-to-swine transmission in shaping the evolution and persistence of H1N1pdm09 in swine populations.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Alexey Markin, Giovana Ciacci Zanella, Zebulun W. Arendsee, Jianqiang Zhang, Karen M. Krueger, Phillip C. Gauger, Amy L. Vincent L. Baker, Tavis K. Anderson
Summary: Research reveals that the 2009 H1N1 influenza virus has the ability to cross species barriers and frequently spread between humans and swine. The virus undergoes genetic and antigenic changes in swine populations, posing a zoonotic threat to humans. The study confirms a correlation between human and swine cases of H1N1 influenza, and the burden of the virus in humans directly impacts its detection in pigs. Additionally, it was found that the persistence of the virus in swine is mainly due to spillovers from human-to-swine transmission. These findings underscore the risk of influenza transmission between humans and swine.
Article
Virology
Peter W. Cook, Thomas Stark, Joyce Jones, Rebecca Kondor, Natosha Zanders, Jeffrey Benfer, Samantha Scott, Yunho Jang, Alicia Janas-Martindale, Stephen Lindstrom, Lenee Blanton, John Schiltz, Rachel Tell, Richard Griesser, Peter Shult, Erik Reisdorf, Tonya Danz, Alicia Fry, John Barnes, Amy Vincent, David E. Wentworth, C. Todd Davis
Summary: The study discusses the transmission of seasonal influenza viruses between humans and pigs, leading to sustained circulation of human-like viruses in the U.S. swine population. Two cases of human infections with A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses originating from swine hosts are identified and classified as swine-origin variant influenza viruses. The study underscores the importance of developing techniques for distinguishing human-origin and swine-origin viruses for continued surveillance of influenza viruses.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Caroline Tochetto, Dennis M. M. Junqueira, Tavis K. K. Anderson, Danielle Gava, Vanessa Haach, Mauricio E. E. Cantao, Amy L. Vincent L. Baker, Rejane Schaefer
Summary: Through surveillance and analysis of swine herds in Brazil, it was found that human seasonal influenza viruses have entered the pig population at least eight different times, leading to the formation of distinct genetic subgroups. Bidirectional transmission between humans and pigs is a major contributing factor to the global genetic diversity of swine influenza viruses, highlighting the importance of surveillance.
Article
Immunology
Veronica A. Ferrando, Marcel E. Friedrich, Shrey Gandhi, Alexander Mellmann, Doerthe Masemann, Anmari Christersson, Darisuren Anhlan, Linda Brunotte, Monika Stoll, Timm Harder, Martin Beer, Yvonne Boergeling, Stephan Ludwig
Summary: Influenza A viruses, including the H1N1pdm09 virus, cause recurrent epidemics and occasional pandemics in humans. The reassortment of these viruses in swine and their ability to replicate in human lung tissue suggest a possible zoonotic potential. Reassortment frequently occurs in the PB1, PA, and NA segments, resulting in the generation of reassortants that can reach high titers in swine lung cells.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Biology
Fei Meng, Yan Chen, Zuchen Song, Qiu Zhong, Yijie Zhang, Chuanling Qiao, Cheng Yan, Huihui Kong, Liling Liu, Chengjun Li, Huanliang Yang, Hualan Chen
Summary: Animal influenza viruses, particularly EA H1N1, pose a continuous threat to human public health. The study reveals the genetic diversity and pandemic potential of EA H1N1 viruses in pigs, indicating the need for careful monitoring and preparedness. Some strains of EA H1N1 have become highly pathogenic and transmissible in animals, raising concerns about potential human infections and the efficacy of current vaccines.
SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Virology
Pan Tang, En-hui Cui, Wen-chi Chang, Chen Yu, Hao Wang, En-qi Du, Jing-yu Wang
Summary: This study evaluated the protective efficacy of a novel nanoparticle swine influenza vaccine in mice. The vaccine induced high levels of antibodies and efficient cytokine levels in mice, reducing viral loads and pathological damage. The findings suggest that this vaccine candidate can induce robust immunity and provide broad protection against drifted subtypes.
Article
Immunology
Min Gu, Kaibiao Chen, Zhichuang Ge, Jun Jiao, Tianyu Cai, Suhan Liu, Xiaoquan Wang, Xinan Jiao, Daxin Peng, Xiufan Liu
Summary: This study investigated the genetic and biologic characteristics of two Eurasian avian-like H1N1 swine influenza viruses from pigs in China. One swine isolate showed high similarity to contemporary human Eurasian avian-like H1N1 isolates, had a preference for binding to human-type receptors, and demonstrated vigorous replication in mice without the need for adaptation.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Virology
Zhaomin Feng, Wenfei Zhu, Lei Yang, Jia Liu, Lijuan Zhou, Dayan Wang, Yuelong Shu
Summary: Eurasian avian-like H1N1 swine influenza viruses in China have shown a genotypic diversity with 11 genotypes, among which genotypes 3 and 5 are predominant in pig population. These viruses continuously reassort with other co-circulated influenza viruses and show different genetic characteristics.
Letter
Immunology
Wanying Sun, Samuel S. M. Cheng, Kristy N. T. Lam, Tsz C. Kwan, Ricky W. K. Wong, Leo H. K. Lau, Gigi Y. Z. Liu, Leo L. H. Luk, John K. C. Li, Haogao Gu, Malik Peiris, Leo L. M. Poon
Summary: A study revealed the presence of a Eurasian avian-like H1N1 swine influenza virus with genes derived from the H9N2 subtype, indicating the reassortment between H9N2 viruses and swine influenza viruses in pigs in China.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Virology
Hailing Li, Haoyu Leng, Siqi Tang, Chaofan Su, Yina Xu, Yongtao Wang, Jiaming Lv, Shiwei Zhang, Yali Feng, Shaokang Song, Ying Zhang
Summary: This study conducted epidemiological and genetic dynamics surveillance of swine influenza viruses (SIVs) in Liaoning province, China. The results revealed the co-circulation of multiple subtypes of SIVs in pig population and identified a new genotype.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kristien Van Reeth, Anna Parys, Jose Carlos Mancera Gracia, Ivan Trus, Koen Chiers, Philip Meade, Sean Liu, Peter Palese, Florian Krammer, Elien Vandoorn
Summary: This study demonstrates that sequential vaccination with diverse H1N1 viruses in pigs induces a broad H1N1 antibody response, providing protection against multiple H1N1 strains in humans and pigs.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ahmed Magdy Khalil, Reiko Yoshida, Tatsunori Masatani, Ayato Takada, Makoto Ozawa
Summary: The study revealed that swine influenza A viruses related to A(H1N1)pdm09 have broader genetic diversity in their haemagglutinin gene, which is associated with antigenic variation in their HA. Among the 12 swIAVs isolated in Japan, five showed significant differences in HA antigenicity compared to an early A(H1N1)pdm09 isolate, with single amino acid substitutions and varying neutralization patterns observed. These findings emphasize the importance of monitoring for emergence of swIAV antigenic variants that may have public health implications.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Min Zhu, Hao Zeng, Jianqiao He, Yaohui Zhu, Pingping Wang, Jianing Guo, Jinfan Guo, Huabo Zhou, Yifeng Qin, Kang Ouyang, Zuzhang Wei, Weijian Huang, Ying Chen
Summary: The reassortment between avian H9N2 and Eurasian avian-like (EA) H1N1 viruses may have potentially changed from avian-to-mammals adaptation. This study found that the introduction of EA H1N1 internal genes into H9N2 virus restored the replication capability and resulted in extreme virulence in some cases. This raises new concerns for public health due to the possible coexistence of H9N2 and EA H1N1 viruses in dogs.
Article
Virology
Chiara Chiapponi, Alice Prosperi, Ana Moreno, Laura Baioni, Silvia Faccini, Roberta Manfredi, Irene Zanni, Valentina Gabbi, Irene Calanchi, Alice Fusaro, Maria Serena Beato, Lara Cavicchio, Camilla Torreggiani, Giovanni Loris Alborali, Andrea Luppi
Summary: This study investigated the genetic diversity of swine influenza A viruses (IAVs) detected in pig farms in Northern Italy between 2017 and 2020. The results showed high genotypic diversity among H1N1 and H1N2 strains, while H3N2 strains showed a stable genetic pattern. The hemagglutinin of the swine IAVs belonged to different lineages, and antigenic drift was observed. Continuous monitoring of swine IAV circulation is necessary due to the potential generation of zoonotic strains.
Article
Immunology
Stefano Porru, Gianluca Spiteri, Maria Grazia Lourdes Monaco, Alessandro Valotti, Angela Carta, Virginia Lotti, Erica Diani, Giuseppe Lippi, Davide Gibellini, Giuseppe Verlato
Summary: This study assessed the effectiveness of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination among healthcare workers. The results showed that vaccination significantly reduced the incidence of infection, severity of symptoms, and the risk of further spreading the infection.
Article
Virology
Maria Gaudino, Adrien Lion, Eveline Sagne, Brandy Nagamine, Justine Oliva, Olivier Terrier, Elisabeth Errazuriz-Cerda, Anaelle Scribe, Fatima-Zohra Sikht, Elisa Simon, Charlotte Foret-Lucas, Blandine Gausseres, Julie Lion, Ana Moreno, Emilie Dordet-Frisoni, Eric Baranowski, Romain Volmer, Mariette F. Ducatez, Gilles Meyer
Summary: Since the spread of the respiratory influenza D virus (IDV) infection to the cattle population, the question about the impact of this virus on bovine respiratory disease (BRD) remains still unanswered. Animals affected by BRD are often coinfected with multiple pathogens, especially viruses and bacteria. This study used an ex vivo model of lung tissue to study the effects of IDV infection on bacterial superinfections. The results showed that IDV increases the susceptibility to the respiratory pathogen Mycoplasma bovis by impairing the innate immune response.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Tiziana Trogu, Anna Castelli, Sabrina Canziani, Clara Tolini, Maya Carrera, Enrica Sozzi, Davide Lelli, Giovanni Tosi, Laura Fiorentini, Alessandra Di Donato, Gianluca Rugna, Danilo Lanci, Antonio Lavazza, Ana Moreno
Summary: This study investigates the spread of CDV in wildlife in northern Italy. Of the tested animals, 16% were positive for CDV, with two different lineages identified. The study also discovered a CDV variant associated with a previous outbreak in 2018.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Manuela Campisi, Giuseppe Mastrangelo, Danuta Mielzynska-Svach, Mirjam Hoxha, Valentina Bollati, Andrea A. A. Baccarelli, Angela Carta, Stefano Porru, Sofia Pavanello
Summary: This study investigated the influence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on biological aging and found that occupational PAH exposure accelerates DNA methylation and telomere length, making coke-oven workers biologically older than their actual age. Furthermore, exposure to environmental and occupational PAHs leads to changes in mitochondrial DNA copy number, suggesting a role of nuclear-mitochondrial axis in the aging process.
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Infectious Diseases
T. Trogu, S. Canziani, C. Tolini, M. Carrera, E. Sozzi, D. Lelli, A. Lavazza, M. L. Mandola, S. Robetto, M. Marchino, L. Ceballos, A. Moreno
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Infectious Diseases
T. Trogu, S. Canziani, C. Tolini, M. Carrera, S. Giacomelli, A. Campagnoli, A. Cordedda, R. Pedrotti, A. Nicoloso, A. Bianchi, I. Bertoletti, E. Sozzi, D. Lelli, A. Lavazza, A. Moreno
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Natalia Canto-Sancho, Stefano Porru, Stefano Casati, Elena Ronda, Mar Segui-Crespo, Angela Carta
Summary: This study estimated the prevalence and potential risk factors for computer vision syndrome (CVS) among Italian office workers. The results showed that the prevalence of CVS was 67.2%, and female gender, prolonged use of digital devices at work, and wearing glasses at work significantly increased the odds of CVS. Further research is needed to explore the influence of wearing glasses on CVS.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Enrica Sozzi, Davide Lelli, Ilaria Barbieri, Chiara Chiapponi, Ana Moreno, Tiziana Trogu, Giovanni Tosi, Antonio Lavazza
Summary: In this study, a paramyxovirus was identified in a sample from a wild boar carcass imported from Australia in 2004. The virus showed antigenic and morphological similarities with other members of the Paramyxoviridae family. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the virus belonged to genotype A of bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (BPIV-3) and was closely related to two swine paramyxoviruses (SPMV) isolated from encephalitic pigs in the United States. The high sequence identity to a bovine respirovirus suggests potential cross-species transmission from cattle to wild boars.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Stella Koutros, Lambertus A. Kiemeney, Parichoy Pal Choudhury, Roger L. Milne, Evangelina Lopez de Maturana, Yuanqing Ye, Vijai Joseph, Oscar Florez-Vargas, Lars Dyrskjot, Jonine Figueroa, Diptavo Dutta, Graham G. Giles, Michelle A. T. Hildebrandt, Kenneth Offit, Manolis Kogevinas, Elisabete Weiderpass, Marjorie L. McCullough, Neal D. Freedman, Demetrius Albanes, Charles Kooperberg, Victoria K. Cortessis, Margaret R. Karagas, Alison Johnson, Molly R. Schwenn, Dalsu Baris, Helena Furberg, Dean F. Bajorin, Olivier Cussenot, Geraldine Cancel-Tassin, Simone Benhamou, Peter Kraft, Stefano Porru, Angela Carta, Timothy Bishop, Melissa C. Southey, Giuseppe Matullo, Tony Fletcher, Rajiv Kumar, Jack A. Taylor, Philippe Lamy, Frederik Prip, Mark Kalisz, Stephanie J. Weinstein, Jan G. Hengstler, Silvia Selinski, Mark Harland, Mark Teo, Anne E. Kiltie, Adonina Tardon, Consol Serra, Alfredo Carrato, Reina Garcia-Closas, Josep Lloreta, Alan Schned, Petra Lenz, Elio Riboli, Paul Brennan, Anne Tjonneland, Thomas Otto, Daniel Ovsiannikov, Frank Volkert, Sita H. Vermeulen, K. K. Aben, Tessel E. Galesloot, Constance Turman, Immaculata De Vivo, Edward Giovannucci, David J. Hunter, Chancellor Hohensee, Rebecca Hunt, Alpa V. Patel, Wen-Yi Huang, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Manuela Gago-Dominguez, Pilar Amiano, Klaus Golka, Mariana C. Stern, Wusheng Yan, Jia Liu, Shengchao Alfred, Shilpa Katta, Amy Hutchinson, Belynda Hicks, William A. Wheeler, Mark P. Purdue, Katherine A. McGlynn, Cari M. Kitahara, Christopher A. Haiman, Mark H. Greene, Thorunn Rafnar, Nilanjan Chatterjee, Stephen J. Chanock, Xifeng Wu, Francisco X. Real, Debra T. Silverman, Montserrat Garcia-Closas, Kari Stefansson, Ludmila Prokunina-Olsson, Nuria Malats, Nathaniel Rothman
Summary: A meta-analysis of 32 studies identified novel genetic variants associated with bladder cancer risk and constructed a polygenic risk score (PRS) to stratify lifetime risk. These findings provide insights into the biological underpinnings of bladder cancer and have the potential to inform future preventive strategies.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Ana Moreno, Francesco Bonfante, Alessio Bortolami, Irene Cassaniti, Anna Caruana, Vincenzo Cottini, Danilo Cereda, Marco Farioli, Alice Fusaro, Antonio Lavazza, Pierdavide Lecchini, Davide Lelli, Andrea Maroni Ponti, Claudia Nassuato, Ambra Pastori, Francesca Rovida, Luigi Ruocco, Marco Sordilli, Fausto Baldanti, Calogero Terregino
Article
Immunology
Concepcion Violan, Lucia A. Carrasco-Ribelles, Giulia Collatuzzo, Giorgia Ditano, Mahsa Abedini, Christian Janke, Christina Reinkemeyer, Le Thi Thu Giang, Filippo Liviero, Maria Luisa Scapellato, Marcella Mauro, Francesca Rui, Stefano Porru, Gianluca Spiteri, Maria Grazia Lourdes Monaco, Angela Carta, Marina Otelea, Agripina Rascu, Eleonora Fabianova, Zuzana Kloslova, Paolo Boffetta, Pere Toran-Monserrat
Summary: Understanding the persistence of antibodies in individuals with multiple chronic conditions is important for vaccination policies. The study examines the relationship between multimorbidity and serological response to the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine nine months after the first dose. The analysis includes healthcare workers from different countries and identifies factors that affect antibody levels, such as the number of vaccine doses, prior COVID-19 infection, age, time since last vaccine dose, and presence of chronic conditions. The findings highlight that individuals with multimorbidity have a poorer serological response to vaccines.
Article
Microbiology
Emanuele Carella, Claudio Caruso, Ana Moreno, Alessia Di Blasio, Francesca Oberto, Nicoletta Vitale, Loretta Masoero
Summary: This study compared the performance of meat juice and oral fluid as matrices for detecting Aujeszky Disease Virus using a meat juice ELISA kit. The results showed that meat juice had higher accuracy and a better combination of sensitivity and specificity.
Article
Microbiology
Maya Carrera, Clara Tolini, Tiziana Trogu, Andrea Boscarino, Vito Tranquillo, Martina Munari, Emanuele Callegari, Davide Tartari, Ana Moreno, Silva Rubini
Summary: Growing attention is being given to the European hedgehog due to its synanthropic behavior and potential role in harboring and disseminating zoonotic pathogens. This study found a high prevalence (39%) of Salmonella spp. in wild hedgehogs in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy, with S. Enteritidis and Veneziana being the most frequently detected serovars.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Stefano Porru, Maria Grazia Lourdes Monaco, Gianluca Spiteri, Angela Carta, Gulser Caliskan, Concepcion Violan, Pere Toran-Monserrat, Luigi Vimercati, Silvio Tafuri, Paolo Boffetta, Francesco Saverio Violante, Emma Sala, Emanuele Sansone, Fabriziomaria Gobba, Loretta Casolari, Andreas Wieser, Christian Janke, Adonina Tardon, Marta Maria Rodriguez-Suarez, Filippo Liviero, Maria Luisa Scapellato, Marco dell'Omo, Nicola Murgia, Dana Mates, Violeta Claudia Calota, Jozef Strharsky, Mariana Mrazova, Enrico Pira, Alessandro Godono, Greta Camilla Magnano, Corrado Negro, Giuseppe Verlato
Summary: This study examined the incidence of breakthrough infections (BI) of SARS-CoV-2 after vaccine booster dose and its correlation with various factors in a cohort of 63,516 health workers. The results showed that BI incidence was higher in women and younger health workers, but decreased in older age groups. Nurses had the highest BI incidence, while administrative staff had the lowest. Heterologous vaccination reduced the incidence of BI compared to the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine.
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GLOBAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Stefania Leopardi, Rosanna Desiato, Matteo Mazzucato, Riccardo Orusa, Federica Obber, Daniela Averaimo, Shadia Berjaoui, Sabrina Canziani, Maria Teresa Capucchio, Raffaella Conti, Santina di Bella, Francesca Festa, Luisa Garofalo, Davide Lelli, Maria Paola Madrau, Maria Lucia Mandola, Ana Maria Moreno Martin, Simone Peletto, Silvia Pirani, Serena Robetto, Claudia Torresi, Maria Varotto, Carlo Citterio, Calogero Terregino
Summary: A two-year survey conducted in Italy discovered 8 species of coronaviruses in 13 animals, with no detection of SARS-CoV-2. Two new coronaviruses, possibly belonging to a new genus, were found in mustelids. The study also indicated that the tested species would not sustain a prolonged infection, based on the absence of sustained transmission observed in white-tailed deer.
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)