Review
Immunology
Anthony L. Komaroff, Roberta Rizzo, Jeffrey L. Ecker
Summary: HHV-6A and HHV-6B are ancient human viruses that can cause lifelong infection and are associated with various diseases. These viruses may have an impact on infertility, preeclampsia, and other reproductive diseases, but further research is needed to fully understand their role.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Rasmus Gustafsson
Summary: HHV-6A infection in DC leads to cell death and release of HMGB1 protein, as well as Th2 polarization, which may pose risks for inflammatory pathologies associated with HHV-6A such as multiple sclerosis.
Article
Microbiology
Xing Liu, Yijie Ma, Kathleen Voss, Michiel van Gent, Ying Kai Chan, Michaela U. Gack, Michael Gale, Bin He
Summary: This study demonstrates that the HSV-1-encoded γ(1)34.5 protein inactivates RIG-I, a key RNA sensor in host cells, to dampen antiviral innate immunity. By targeting RIG-I, HSV-1 inhibits its interaction with the chaperone protein 14-3-3 epsilon, ultimately blocking the cytosol-to-mitochondrial translocation of RIG-I. The viral evasion of cytosolic RNA sensing is highlighted as a crucial factor in the evolutionary arms race between a large DNA virus and its host.
Article
Microbiology
D. Hoffman, W. Rodriguez, D. Macveigh-Fierro, J. Miles, M. Muller
Summary: This study explores the role of the poorly characterized viral protein ORF20 in KSHV replication, showing its interaction with ORF59 in replication compartments and its impact on DNA replication and late viral lifecycle stages. These findings suggest ORF20's potential contribution as a key modulator of the complex lytic DNA replication process within KSHV.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sebastian Zeltzer, Pierce Longmire, Marek Svoboda, Giovanni Bosco, Felicia Goodrum
Summary: Human cells have multiple specialized DNA polymerases for chromosomal DNA synthesis and repair, while complex DNA viruses may rely on host polymerases for synthesis. This study shows that error-prone Y-family polymerases can restrict human cytomegalovirus genome synthesis, while other TLS polymerases are required for optimal replication. Host polymerases also suppress viral genome rearrangements, indicating their role in ensuring viral genome stability.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Wangko Lundstroem, Rasmus Gustafsson
Summary: The role of HHV-6A in multiple sclerosis is controversial, but recent studies suggest that HHV-6A may play a significant role, especially in the early stages of the disease. MS patients show an increased immune response against HHV-6A compared to HHV-6B. Furthermore, HHV-6A infection interacts with other factors that may modulate MS susceptibility and progression.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Anthony L. Komaroff, Philip E. Pellett, Steven Jacobson
Summary: This review examines the evidence that Human herpesvirus 6A (HHV-6A) and human herpesvirus 6B (HHV-6B) may trigger neurological diseases in humans, including encephalitis in immunocompromised patients and febrile seizures in infants and children. It also discusses the criteria for linking infectious agents to neurologic diseases and evaluates the extent to which these criteria have been met for HHV-6A/B and various neurological conditions.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Katherine A. Willard, Ashley P. Barry, Cliff I. Oduor, John Michael Ong'echa, Jeffrey A. Bailey, Ann M. Moormann, Micah A. Luftig
Summary: In this study, we describe an unusual spontaneous lytic phenotype in EBV strains isolated from Kenyan endemic Burkitt lymphoma patients. These findings provide insight into viral and host factors involved in this process and the potential contribution of promiscuous lytic activity to the formation of EBV-associated diseases.
Article
Virology
Vivien R. Schack, Litten Sorensen Rossen, Clara Christina Ekebjaerg, Katrine Kyd Holstein Thuesen, Bettina Bundgaard, Per Hollsberg
Summary: The genetic approach showed that CD46 is critical for infection by HHV-6A, while CD9 modulates infection by promoting CD46-dependent infection and impairing CD46-independent infection. HHV-6B appears to be more promiscuous and may use different entry mechanisms in various cells.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Tian Tang, Junli Jia, Emanuela Garbarino, Luyao Chen, Jingjing Ma, Peipei Li, Xiangjun Chen, Lily Wang, Yiqun Wen, Yuhang Wang, Lingyun Li, Kun Yao, Huamin Tang
Summary: HHV-6A U4 inhibits APP degradation, leading to the typical pathological processes of Alzheimer's disease (AD), such as accumulation of β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) and loss of neural cells.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Elham Bahramian, Mercede Furr, Jerry T. Wu, Ruben Michael Ceballos
Summary: Within the family Herpesviridae, there are three human herpesviruses that have been described: HHV-6A, HHV-6B, and HHV-7. Despite their high genetic sequence similarity, HHV-6A and HHV-6B are now recognized as distinct viruses. The mechanisms of action and relative contributions of these viruses to neurological dysfunction are unclear. This study shows that both HHV-6A and HHV-6B can infect different nerve cell types and neurotransmitter phenotypes, and HHV-6A induces more severe cytopathic effects. These findings provide insights into potential mechanisms for HHV6-induced epileptogenesis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Brianna S. Chrisman, Chloe He, Jae-Yoon Jung, Nate Stockham, Kelley Paskov, Dennis P. Wall
Summary: This study uses whole genome sequencing data to reveal information about the human blood DNA virome, focusing on human herpesvirus 6A, 6B, and 7. The research finds that household structure drives the transmission of several viruses and identifies the characteristic inheritance patterns of inherited chromosomally integrated human herpesvirus 6. Additionally, the study demonstrates widespread integration and reactivation of HHV-6B and HHV-7 in lymphoblastoid cell lines.
Article
Plant Sciences
Kang Cao, Yan Zhang, Qian Yao, Yanjuan Peng, Qu Pan, Qiuxia Jiao, Ke Ren, Fenghui Sun, Qian Zhang, Ran Guo, Jiali Zhang, Tian Chen
Summary: This study discovered a novel mechanism of hypericin's antiviral effect against HSV-1. Hypericin inhibits the activity of alkaline nuclease, suppresses viral gene expression and protein synthesis, and inhibits viral adsorption and penetration.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
M. Bistrom, D. Jons, E. Engdahl, R. Gustafsson, J. Huang, N. Brenner, J. Butt, L. Alonso-Magdalena, M. Gunnarsson, M. Vrethem, N. Bender, T. Waterboer, G. Granasen, T. Olsson, I. Kockum, O. Andersen, A. Fogdell-Hahn, Peter Sundstrom
Summary: This study suggests that EBV infection after adolescence and age independent HHV-6A infection are risk factors for MS. EBV infection is associated with increased MS risk in individuals aged 20-39 years, while HHV-6A infection is associated with increased MS risk in all age groups.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Zeyu Li, Yuanxiu He, Lijuan Ge, Ran Quan, Junzhen Chen, Yue Hu, Ruixue Sa, Jianhua Liu, Duoliang Ran, Qiang Fu, Huijun Shi
Summary: The anticancer agent berbamine (BBM) has been found to inhibit EHV-1 viral infection both in vitro and in vivo. It effectively suppresses viral entry into cells, DNA replication, virion secretion, and reduces the damage caused by the virus to brain and lung tissues. These findings suggest that BBM could be a promising therapeutic approach for controlling EHV-1 infection in equines.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Letter
Hematology
Jan-Inge Henter, Egle Kvedaraite, Daniel Martin Munoz, Monica Cheng Munthe-Kaas, Bernward Zeller, Tove A. Nystad, Caroline Bjorklund, Isabella Donner, Magda Lourda, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Nikolas Herold, Desiree Gavhed, Tatiana von Bahr Greenwood
BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Martin Cornillet, Benedikt Strunz, Olav Rooyackers, Andrea Ponzetta, Puran Chen, Jagadeeswara Rao Muvva, Mira Akber, Marcus Buggert, Benedict J. Chambers, Majda Dzidic, Iva Filipovic, Jean-Baptiste Gorin, Sara Gredmark-Russ, Laura Hertwig, Jonas Klingstrom, Efthymia Kokkinou, Egle Kvedaraite, Magda Lourda, Jenny Mjosberg, Christopher Maucourant, Anna Norrby-Teglund, Tiphaine Parrot, Andre Perez-Potti, Olga Rivera-Ballesteros, Johan K. Sandberg, John Tyler Sandberg, Takuya Sekine, Mattias Svensson, Renata Varnaite, Lars Eriksson, Soo Aleman, Kristoffer Stralin, Hans-Gustaf Ljunggren, Niklas K. Bjorkstrom
Summary: An in-depth assessment of 1129 unique metabolites in 27 hospitalized COVID-19 patients revealed a COVID-19-specific metabolic imprint. Following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 seroconversion, the metabolic response underwent a switch, indicating a network of metabolic trajectories aligned with immune activation pathways and organ damage.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sebastian Havervall, August Jernbom Falk, Jonas Klingstrom, Henry Ng, Nina Greilert-Norin, Lena Gabrielsson, Ann-Christin Salomonsson, Eva Isaksson, Ann-Sofie Rudberg, Cecilia Hellstrom, Eni Andersson, Jennie Olofsson, Lovisa Skoglund, Jamil Yousef, Elisa Pin, Wanda Christ, Mikaela Olausson, My Hedhammar, Hanna Tegel, Sara Mangsbo, Mia Phillipson, Anna Manberg, Sophia Hober, Peter Nilsson, Charlotte Thalin
Summary: Current serological assays for SARS-CoV-2 generate inconsistent results and the longitudinal characteristics of antibodies targeting different antigens after asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 have not been established. This cohort study involving healthcare workers found that antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen remained detectable in 96% of participants at least four months after infection, even if they had no or mild symptoms. The study also confirmed virus neutralization capacity in 91% of participants at least four months after infection.
Letter
Hematology
Peter Bergman, Per-Anders Broliden, Paul Ratcliffe, Magda Lourda, Brigitte Flesch, Petter Hoglund, Jan Palmblad
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Malin Sveijer, Tatiana von Bahr Greenwood, Martin Jadersten, Egle Kvedaraite, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Magda Lourda, Desiree Gavhed, Jan-Inge Henter
Summary: This study compared levels of NFL in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with LCH, suggesting that p-NFL may be used for screening of ND-CNS-LCH. Further research is encouraged to explore the role of p-NFL in monitoring ND-CNS-LCH.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chengzi Kaku, Elizabeth R. Champney, Johan Normark, Marina Garcia, Carl E. Johnson, Clas Ahlm, Wanda Christ, Mrunal Sakharkar, Margaret E. Ackerman, Jonas Klingstrom, Mattias N. E. Forsell, Laura M. Walker
Summary: Heterologous prime-boost immunization strategies have the potential to enhance the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines. A study found that heterologous vaccination induced stronger neutralizing antibody and memory B cell responses, as well as better efficacy against variant strains. The study also revealed that heterologous vaccination can enhance the quality of B cell responses.
Article
Immunology
Ulrika Marking, Sebastian Havervall, Nina Greilert-Norin, Henry Ng, Kim Blom, Peter Nilsson, Mia Phillipson, Sophia Hober, Charlotta Nilsson, Sara Mangsbo, Wanda Christ, Jonas Klingstrom, Max Gordon, Mikael Aberg, Charlotte Thalin
Summary: Heterologous primary SARS-CoV-2 vaccination with ChAd and BNT elicits a stronger initial immune response compared to homologous vaccination with ChAd, particularly in terms of antibody response. However, although the differences in humoral responses remain over 6 months, the difference in SARS-CoV-2 specific T cell responses are no longer significant three months after vaccination.
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Sebastian Havervall, Ulrika Marking, Julia Svensson, Nina Greilert-Norin, Philip Bacchus, Peter Nilsson, Sophia Hober, Max Gordon, Kim Blom, Jonas Klingstrom, Mikael Aberg, Anna Smed-Sorensen, Charlotte Thalin
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Letter
Dermatology
Avinash Padhi, Sultana Rekha, Lisa Benrejdal, Marijke Elise Grundeken, Magda Lourda, Marcus Ehrstrom, Kilian Eyerich, Isabel Tapia Paez, Emma K. Johansson, Maria Bradley, Peter Bergman, Josefin Lysell
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Virology
Jens H. Kuhn, Steven B. Bradfute, Charles H. Calisher, Boris Klempa, Jonas Klingstrom, Lies Laenen, Gustavo Palacios, Connie S. Schmaljohn, Nicole D. Tischler, Piet Maes
Summary: The official classification of viruses by the ICTV requires complete or nearly complete genome sequences to be deposited in GenBank. This requirement is fairly new, resulting in fragmented or absent genomic sequence information for many classified viruses. This poses challenges for taxon-wide phylogenetic analyses, especially for viruses with segmented genomes. To address this issue for Hantaviridae, the community is urged to provide additional sequence information for incompletely sequenced classified viruses by mid-June 2023 to prevent possible declassification.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elin Movert, Jaume Salgado Bolarin, Christine Valfridsson, Jorge Velarde, Steinar Skrede, Michael Nekludov, Ole Hyldegaard, Per Arnell, Mattias Svensson, Anna Norrby-Teglund, Kyu Hong Cho, Eran Elhaik, Michael R. Wessels, Lars Raberg, Fredric Carlsson
Summary: The severity of diseases caused by microbial pathogens can vary due to the unique combination of host and pathogen genomes in each infection. In a study on invasive Streptococcus pyogenes infection, researchers found that the outcome is regulated by the interaction between human STING genotype and bacterial NADase activity. The activity of NADase variants expressed by invasive strains suppresses the production of type I interferon mediated by STING.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Letter
Health Care Sciences & Services
Kim Blom, Oscar Bladh, Sebastian Havervall, Ulrika Marking, Nina Greilert Norin, Jessica J. Alm, Jonas Klingstrom, Charlotte Thalin
LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-EUROPE
(2023)
Article
Virology
Wanda Christ, Jonas Klingstrom, Janne Tynell
Summary: The integrated stress response (ISR) is activated in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, triggering translational arrest and inhibiting stress granule formation. However, the stress-responsive transcription factors ATF4 and CHOP are not induced. Different SARS-CoV-2 variants show variant-specific differences in ISR activation, suggesting potential impacts on pathogenesis and treatment strategies.
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Jan-Inge Henter, Egle Kvedaraite, Daniel Martin Munoz, Monica Cheng Munthe-Kaas, Bernward Zeller, Tove Nystad, Caroline Bjorklund, Isabella Donner, Magda Lourda, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Nikolas Herold, Desiree Gavhed, Tatiana von Bahr Greenwood
PEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Jenee Mitchell, Egle Kvedaraite, Tatiana von Bahr Greenwood, Magda Lourda, Jan-Inge Henter, Stuart Berzins, George Kannourakis
PEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER
(2022)
