Review
Cell Biology
Dong-Xu Huang, Xin Yu, Wen-Jun Yu, Xin-Min Zhang, Chang Liu, Hong-Ping Liu, Yue Sun, Zi-Ping Jiang
Summary: The precise regulation of calcium ion by neurons is essential for cellular signaling and survival, with calcium homeostasis maintained by both endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. Dysregulation of calcium signaling is associated with Alzheimer's disease, highlighting the importance of understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying calcium regulation in neurodegenerative diseases.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Renhong Yan, Pingping Cao, Wenqi Song, Hongwu Qian, Ximing Du, Hudson W. Coates, Xin Zhao, Yaning Li, Shuai Gao, Xin Gong, Ximing Liu, Jianhua Sui, Jianlin Lei, Hongyuan Yang, Andrew J. Brown, Qiang Zhou, Chuangye Yan, Nieng Yan
Summary: The sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) pathway is controlled by membrane-embedded sterol sensors Scap, Insig-1 and Insig-2, with 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC) serving as a master switch. Cryo-electron microscopy analysis revealed the structure of the human Scap and Insig-2 complex in the presence of 25HC, showing the critical role of 25HC binding and Insig association in regulating the pathway.
Article
Cell Biology
Ruiyuan Xu, Jianlu Song, Rexiati Ruze, Yuan Chen, Xinpeng Yin, Chengcheng Wang, Yupei Zhao
Summary: This study reveals squalene epoxidase (SQLE) as a novel oncogene that promotes pancreatic cancer (PC) growth by mitigating endoplasmic reticulum stress and activating lipid raft-regulated Src/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. SQLE facilitates cell proliferation, induces cell cycle progression, and inhibits apoptosis in vitro, while promoting tumor growth in vivo. SQLE inhibitors effectively suppress PC cell proliferation and xenograft tumor growth, highlighting the potential of SQLE as a therapeutic target for PC.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
George Maxwell Otto, Gloria Ann Brar
Summary: The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a vital organelle responsible for various cellular functions and is maintained by quality control pathways such as reticulophagy. During the cell differentiation process of meiosis in budding yeast, researchers unexpectedly discovered that developmentally regulated reticulophagy occurs which is coordinated with significant ER remodeling. This reticulophagy plays a quality control role in preventing specific ER subpopulations from being passed on to subsequent generations.
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Hana Popelka, Daniel J. J. Klionsky
Summary: A recent study used cryo-electron tomography combined with computational analysis to gain insights into autophagosome biogenesis in yeast cells. This approach provided new information on autophagic structures, their contacts with organelles, membrane sources, and transition mechanisms. These findings open new avenues for autophagy research and highlight the potential of cryo-ET in cell biology.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Junjun Peng, Xueyan Dai, Huiqin Fan, Chenghong Xing, Yu Zhuang, Xiaona Gao, Huabin Cao, Guoliang Hu, Fan Yang
Summary: Copper (Cu) at high levels can cause harm to the host physiology, specifically resulting in nephrotoxicity, although the exact mechanism remains unclear. This study explored the relationship between mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAM) and Cu-induced kidney mitochondrial dysfunction and ER stress. The findings revealed that excessive Cu disrupted MAM integrity, leading to MAM dysfunction, mitochondrial dysfunction, and ER stress, contributing to Cu-induced nephrotoxicity.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Na Song, Ming Yang, Hao Zhang, Shi-kun Yang
Summary: Kidney disease is a serious health concern, and understanding the pathogenesis is crucial for precise therapies. Disruption of calcium homeostasis plays a fundamental role in kidney disease development and is a promising therapeutic strategy. The endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria are key organelles, with pharmacologic modulation of cellular calcium homeostasis as a novel treatment approach.
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
Stephan Clemens
Summary: Nearly 10% of plant proteins belong to the zinc proteome and require zinc as a catalyst or structural element, with the majority of protein-bound zinc in eukaryotic cells found in the cytosol. Various metabolites and peptides serve as zinc buffers to supply zinc to enzymes, transporters, or sensor proteins, with zinc acquisition mediated by specific proteins and zinc transportation controlled by different mechanisms. Recent studies in mammalian cells have revealed the regulatory roles of zinc in modulating cellular zinc pools and influencing protein interactions and signaling cascade activities.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Linlin Zhang, Furong Yan, Liyang Li, Huirong Fu, Dongli Song, Duojiao Wu, Xiangdong Wang
Summary: The communication between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria (Mt) is crucial for maintaining cellular microenvironments, metabolisms, signaling activities, and cell-cell communication. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of ER-Mt communication is essential for identifying and developing specific biomarkers and therapeutic targets for human diseases. The inhibitors and modulators of ER-Mt communication are categorized according to therapeutic targets, and advancements in biotechnologies will provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of ER-Mt communication.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Dongyi Wu, Chenglin Yang, Mengran Yang, You Wu, Yan Mao, Xinyan Zhou, Ji Wang, Zhihang Yuan, Jing Wu
Summary: This study investigates the hepatotoxicity of CIT, a mycotoxin found in crops, in mice. The results suggest that CIT induces liver damage and apoptosis in mice through the regulation of the Ca2+/ER stress signaling pathway.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xiaoshuang Yang, Jianting Guo, Wei Li, Chunrui Li, Xilin Zhu, Ying Liu, Xiaopan Wu
Summary: We found that ATF6 can inhibit the expression of PPM1H mRNA and protein in hepatoma cells and mice with liver Atf6 knockdown. Immunohistochemical analysis of tumor tissues from 134 HCC patients showed higher expression of PPM1H in adjacent para-cancer tissues than in HCC tissues. PPM1H exhibited a suppressive effect on HCC progression by inhibiting proliferation, migration, and invasion of hepatoma cells.
MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yun Xiang, Rui Lyu, Junjie Hu
Summary: Membrane curvature is generated by constructing a curved oligomeric scaffold formed by endoplasmic reticulum tubule-forming proteins. The mechanism of curvature generation remains elusive.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Thomas Gate, Lionel Hill, Anthony J. Miller, Dale Sanders
Summary: The study reveals that the AtIAR1 gene in Arabidopsis controls the hydrolysis of stored conjugated auxin through zinc transport, thus affecting root growth. Mutations in AtIAR1 also result in altered auxin metabolism and changes in phenotypes related to auxin activity.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xintong Bian, Ningke Fan, Meng Li, Daobin Han, Jia Li, Lu Fan, Xinyu Li, Liangsheng Kong, Hua Tang, Shijia Ding, Fangzhou Song, Siqiao Li, Wei Cheng
Summary: A hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell-derived ER vesicle (ER-horse) has been developed for precise HCC nanotherapy by imitating the physiological function of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and triggering excessive ER stress and apoptosis. The findings provide a new method for HCC nanotherapy via interference of ER stress signaling.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ben Zucker, Michael M. Kozlov
Summary: Recent advances in super-resolution microscopy revealed previously unknown nanoscopic organization of endoplasmic reticulum (ER), including various nanostructures, and proposed a common concept based on membrane intrinsic curvature and ultra-low membrane tensions as key factors shaping these structures.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Mateus Milani, Dominic P. Byrne, Georgia Greaves, Michael Butterworth, Gerald M. Cohen, Patrick A. Eyers, Shankar Varadarajan
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2017)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kristina Henz, Aoula Al-Zebeeby, Marion Basoglu, Simone Fulda, Gerald M. Cohen, Shankar Varadarajan, Meike Vogler
BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Sarah J. Lucas, Christophe B. Michel, Vincenzo Marra, Joshua L. Smalley, Matthias H. Hennig, Bruce P. Graham, Ian D. Forsythe
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2018)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Matt R. Kelley, Ross A. Cardarelli, Joshua L. Smalley, Thomas A. Ollerhead, Peter M. Andrew, Nicholas J. Brandon, Tarek Z. Deeb, Stephen J. Moss
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Emanuele Schiavon, Joshua L. Smalley, Sherylanne Newton, Nigel H. Greig, Ian D. Forsythe
Article
Cell Biology
Anna J. Nathanson, Yihui Zhang, Joshua L. Smalley, Thomas A. Ollerhead, Miguel A. Rodriguez Santos, Peter M. Andrews, Heike J. Wobst, Yvonne E. Moore, Nicholas J. Brandon, Rochelle M. Hines, Paul A. Davies, Stephen J. Moss
Article
Psychiatry
Aaron Goldman, Joshua L. Smalley, Meeta Mistry, Harald Krenzlin, Hong Zhang, Andrew Dhawan, Barbara Caldarone, Stephen J. Moss, David A. Silbersweig, Sean E. Lawler, Ilana M. Braun
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2019)
Article
Oncology
Munisha Smalley, Siva Kumar Natarajan, Jayanta Mondal, Douglas Best, David Goldman, Basavaraja Shanthappa, Moriah Pellowe, Chinmayee Dash, Tanmoy Saha, Sachin Khiste, Nithya Ramadurai, Elliot O. Eton, Joshua L. Smalley, Andrew Brown, Allen Thayakumar, Mamunur Rahman, Kazuya Arai, Mohammad Kohandel, Shiladitya Sengupta, Aaron Goldman
Article
Neurosciences
Joshua L. Smalley, Georgina Kontou, Catherine Choi, Qiu Ren, David Albrecht, Krithika Abiraman, Miguel A. Rodriguez Santos, Christopher E. Bope, Tarek Z. Deeb, Paul A. Davies, Nicholas J. Brandon, Stephen J. Moss
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2020)
Review
Oncology
Emma Saulters, John F. Woolley, Shankar Varadarajan, Terence M. Jones, Lekh N. Dahal
Summary: Viruses, even if not directly oncogenic, can impact tumor biology and immune behavior, raising the question of whether virus-associated tumors should be distinct. HPV infection in HNSCC may lead to unique etiology and clinical outcomes, potentially due to greater immunogenicity associated with HPV infection.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sandip De, David M. Edwards, Vibha Dwivedi, Jianming Wang, Wazeer Varsally, Hannah L. Dixon, Anand K. Singh, Precious O. Owuamalam, Matthew T. Wright, Reece P. Summers, Md Nazmul Hossain, Emily M. Price, Marcin W. Wojewodzic, Francesco Falciani, Nikolas J. Hodges, Marco Saponaro, Kayoko Tanaka, Claus M. Azzalin, Peter Baumann, Daniel Hebenstreit, Saverio Brogna
Summary: The study found that the RNA helicase Upf1 in Schizosaccharomyces pombe is associated with active genes genome-wide, correlates with Pol II transcription and mRNA expression levels, and may regulate gene expression by influencing Pol II phosphorylation and transcription.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biology
Naushin L. Hindul, Amarjot Jhita, Daiana G. Oprea, Tasnim Alamgir Hussain, Oksana Gonchar, Miguel Angel Muro Campillo, Laura O'Regan, Masato T. Kanemaki, Andrew M. Fry, Kouji Hirota, Kayoko Tanaka
Summary: This paper introduces a human retinal pigment epithelial cell line RPE-1 that is widely used in studying physiological events in human cell culture systems. The authors modified the AAVS1 locus to allow inducible knock-out or knock-in experiments in this cell line. They successfully introduced an oncogenic point mutation into the endogenous KRAS gene locus, demonstrating the utility of this cell line for functional analysis of human genes.
Article
Cell Biology
Rachel J. Carter, Mateus Milani, Alison J. Beckett, Shiyu Liu, Ian A. Prior, Gerald M. Cohen, Shankar Varadarajan
Summary: The interplay between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes and DRP1 plays a crucial role in the regulation of mitochondrial structure and function, affecting processes such as mitochondrial fission and apoptosis.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Georgina Kontou, Shu Fun Josephine Ng, Ross A. Cardarelli, Jack H. Howden, Catherine Choi, Qiu Ren, Miguel A. Rodriguez Santos, Christopher E. Bope, Jake S. Dengler, Matt R. Kelley, Paul A. Davies, Josef T. Kittler, Nicholas J. Brandon, Stephen J. Moss, Joshua L. Smalley
Summary: KCC2 plays a critical role in maintaining neuronal survival in mature neurons, while having minimal impact on neuronal development and structure. The loss of KCC2 function in mature neurons can rapidly activate the apoptotic pathway. In contrast, ablating KCC2 expression in immature neurons does not significantly affect their subsequent development.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Sophie Erhardt, Ana Pocivavsek, Mariaelena Repici, Xi-Cong Liu, Sophie Imbeault, Daniel C. Maddison, Marian A. R. Thomas, Joshua L. Smalley, Markus K. Larsson, Paul J. Muchowski, Flaviano Giorgini, Robert Schwarcz
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2017)