Journal
PLOS ONE
Volume 8, Issue 3, Pages -Publisher
PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059131
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-
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Funding
- Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) [PEst-C/EQB/LA0006/2011]
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Oxidative stress and inflammation play important roles in disease development. This study intended to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential of Echium plantagineum L. bee pollen to support its claimed health beneficial effects. The hydromethanol extract efficiently scavenged nitric oxide ((NO)-N-center dot) although against superoxide (O-2(center dot-)) it behaved as antioxidant at lower concentrations and as pro-oxidant at higher concentrations. The anti-inflammatory potential was evaluated in LPS-stimulated macrophages. The levels of (NO)-N-center dot and L-citrulline decreased for all extract concentrations tested, while the levels of prostaglandins, their metabolites and isoprostanes, evaluated by UPLC-MS, decreased with low extract concentrations. So, E. plantagineum bee pollen extract can exert anti-inflammatory activity by reducing (NO)-N-center dot and prostaglandins. The extract is able to scavenge the reactive species (NO)-N-center dot and O-2(center dot-) and reduce markers of oxidative stress in cells at low concentrations.
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