Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peter J. Dodd, Debebe Shaweno, Chu-Chang Ku, Philippe Glaziou, Carel Pretorius, Richard J. Hayes, Peter MacPherson, Ted Cohen, Helen Ayles
Summary: Accurately estimating the burden of tuberculosis in high HIV prevalence areas is challenging. The authors developed a new age-structured TB transmission model that incorporates evolving demographic, HIV and antiretroviral therapy effects. By including Bayesian methods and accounting for uncertainty, they estimated age-specific annual risks of TB infection and the proportion resulting from recent infection.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Junfeng Fan, Dawei Zhao, Chengyi Xia, Jun Tanimoto
Summary: The way information spreads among individuals is complex and influenced by multiple channels. Higher-order structures in social networks, such as simplicial complexes and hypergraphs, can better capture realistic phenomena. In this study, we propose a novel epidemic model that combines infectious disease and information diffusion, using a multiplex network model with random simplicial complexes generating the online social network. We analyze the impact of threshold models on epidemic spread and validate the results through simulations.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alejandro Bernardin, Alejandro J. Martinez, Tomas Perez-Acle
Summary: Adequate management of communication strategies is crucial in reducing contagion risks during epidemic outbreaks when pharmaceutical interventions are unavailable. Global information delivery and daily messaging can significantly decrease the number of cases, highlighting the importance of accurate and daily communication strategies in handling epidemic outbreaks.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mary Catherine Cambou, Eduardo Saad, Kaitlyn McBride, Trevon Fuller, Emma Swayze, Karin Nielsen-Saines
Summary: Although the annual incidence of HIV diagnosis in pregnancy in Brazil remains relatively stable, rates of maternal syphilis increased over six-fold in the past decade. The study found that maternal HIV and syphilis are two distinct epidemics with different spatial hot spot distributions. Maternal HIV had a spatial cluster in the South, while syphilis was increasing throughout the country, especially on the coast.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Melodie Monod, Alexandra Blenkinsop, Xiaoyue Xi, Daniel Hebert, Sivan Bershan, Simon Tietze, Marc Baguelin, Valerie C. Bradley, Yu Chen, Helen Coupland, Sarah Filippi, Jonathan Ish-Horowicz, Martin McManus, Thomas Mellan, Axel Gandy, Michael Hutchinson, H. Juliette T. Unwin, Sabine L. van Elsland, Michaela A. C. Vollmer, Sebastian Weber, Harrison Zhu, Anne Bezancon, Neil M. Ferguson, Swapnil Mishra, Seth Flaxman, Samir Bhatt, Oliver Ratmann
Summary: Research shows that in the United States, individuals aged 20 to 49 are the main source of COVID-19 transmission, playing a crucial role in the spread of the virus. Therefore, targeting interventions towards this age group is crucial in halting the resurgence of the epidemic and preventing COVID-19 deaths.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Giulia de Meijere, Claudio Castellano
Summary: Isolating asymptomatic infected individuals through contact tracing is a traditional method, but it has limited impact on the epidemic threshold and is influenced by imperfect adherence and delays. Through analysis and simulation, we have derived the method to calculate the epidemic threshold and quantified the effects of imperfect adherence and incentivizing measures on disease control.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Xifen Wu, Haibo Bao
Summary: This paper presents a multi-layer network coupling model to study the interaction between epidemic propagation and information diffusion, and analyzes the impact of key factors on epidemic threshold through modeling and numerical simulations.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Moritz Anuschek, Thomas Kvistgaard Vilhelmsen, J. Axel Zeitler, Jukka Rantanen
Summary: Traditional methods for quality control of pharmaceutical tablets are time-consuming and resource-consuming, and not suitable for continuous manufacturing. Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy reflection measurements offer a fast and non-destructive approach to measure tablet porosity, height, and mass, providing an opportunity to determine the tablet's mechanical strength.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Biology
Fabrizio Menardo, Caroline Colijn
Summary: Detecting factors associated with transmission is crucial for understanding disease epidemics and designing effective public health measures. In this study, the author used a simulation-based approach to investigate the influence of various epidemiological processes on clustering and TBL analyses of Mycobacterium tuberculosis genomic data sets. The results show that different factors, except the length of the infectious period, affect the outcomes of clustering and TBL distributions. The study also highlights the limitations of current interpretations of these analyses and suggests that optimal clustering thresholds and TBL distributions may vary depending on epidemiological conditions.
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Catherine R. Lesko, Angela M. Bengtson
Summary: The impact of COVID-19 on people living with HIV remains uncertain due to contradictory data. Future studies should differentiate between various risks and consider the unique health challenges faced by PLWH beyond COVID-19.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
Sebastian Stannard, Ann Berrington, Nisreen A. Alwan
Summary: This study examines the association between parental separation and the number of offspring partnership dissolutions, as well as the early life mediators of this association. The results show that the association between parental separation and multiple partnership dissolutions in adulthood is reduced when considering parental confounders and childhood mediators. The study also finds that early life mediators have a greater impact on this association in men compared to women.
ADVANCES IN LIFE COURSE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Laura Porter, George Bello, Rejoice Nkambule, Jessica Justman
Summary: Nationally representative household surveys play a critical role in assessing HIV epidemics and national HIV programs. The results have shown unexpected progress in population viral suppression and highlighted the persistent burden of high HIV incidence among adolescent girls and young women. Tailoring programs to engage men more effectively in HIV testing and treatment is crucial.
JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Katharina Kusejko, Nadine Tschumi, Sandra E. Chaudron, Huyen Nguyen, Manuel Battegay, Enos Bernasconi, Juerg Boeni, Michael Huber, Alexandra Calmy, Matthias Cavassini, Alexander Egle, Katharina Grabmeier-Pfistershammer, Bernhard Haas, Hans Hirsch, Thomas Klimkait, Angela Oellinger, Matthieu Perreau, Alban Ramette, Baharak Babouee Flury, Mario Sarcletti, Alexandra Scherrer, Patrick Schmid, Sabine Yerly, Robert Zangerle, Huldrych F. Guenthard, Roger D. Kouyos
Summary: Phylogenetic analyses of HIV-1 epidemics in Switzerland and Austria reveal differences in transmission dynamics beyond demographic characteristics. International transmission plays a significant role in local epidemics, primarily driven by men who have sex with men in Austria and heterosexuals in Switzerland. International collaborations are crucial to understanding global HIV transmission links and working towards HIV elimination.
JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Patricia J. Rodriguez, D. Allen Roberts, Julianne Meisner, Monisha Sharma, Morkor Newman Owiredu, Bertha Gomez, Maeve B. Mello, Alexey Bobrik, Arkadii Vodianyk, Andrew Storey, George Githuka, Thato Chidarikire, Ruanne Barnabas, Magdalena Barr-Dichiara, Muhammad S. Jamil, Rachel Baggaley, Cheryl Johnson, Melanie M. Taylor, Alison L. Drake
Summary: In countries with varying HIV prevalence, offering dual rapid diagnostic tests during antenatal care can be cost-saving, and retesting with a dual test during late antenatal care is cost-effective compared to individual testing. Incorporating dual HIV and syphilis rapid diagnostic tests as the first test in antenatal care can support efforts to eliminate mother-to-child transmission of HIV and syphilis.
LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Pieter J. K. Libin, Lander Willem, Timothy Verstraeten, Andrea Torneri, Joris Vanderlocht, Niel Hens
Summary: This study investigates the use of universal testing to mitigate the COVID-19 epidemic and evaluates two isolation strategies by pooling PCR tests of individuals from the same households. The results show that weekly universal testing could be a successful strategy to control SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Gershim Asiki, Georges Reniers, Robert Newton, Kathy Baisley, Jessica Nakiyingi-Miiro, Emma Slaymaker, Ivan Kasamba, Janet Seeley, Jim Todd, Pontiano Kaleebu, Anatoli Kamali
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Basia Zaba, Georges Reniers, Emma Slaymaker, Jim Todd, Judith Glynn, Amelia Crampin, Mark Urassa, Tom Lutalo, Marie-Louise Newell, Victoria Hosegood, Samuel Clark, Simon Gregson
BULLETIN OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
(2015)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Georges Reniers, Marylene Wamukoya, Mark Urassa, Amek Nyaguara, Jessica Nakiyingi-Miiro, Tom Lutalo, Vicky Hosegood, Simon Gregson, Xavier Gomez-Olive, Eveline Geubbels, Amelia C. Crampin, Alison Wringe, Laban Waswa, Stephen Tollman, Jim Todd, Emma Slaymaker, David Serwadda, Alison Price, Samuel Oti, Moffat J. Nyirenda, Dorean Nabukalu, Constance Nyamukapa, Fred Nalugoda, Owen Mugurungi, Baltazar Mtenga, Lisa Mills, Denna Michael, Estelle McLean, Nuala McGrath, Emmanuel Martin, Milly Marston, Sewe Maquins, Francis Levira, Catherine Kyobutungi, Daniel Kwaro, Ivan Kasamba, Chifundo Kanjala, Kathleen Kahn, Chodziwadziwa Kabudula, Kobus Herbst, Dickman Gareta, Jeffrey W. Eaton, Samuel J. Clark, Kathryn Church, Menard Chihana, Clara Calvert, Donatien Beguy, Gershim Asiki, Shamte Amri, Ramadhani Abdul, Basia Zaba
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2016)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Alison J. Price, Judith Glynn, Menard Chihana, Ndoliwe Kayuni, Sian Floyd, Emma Slaymaker, Georges Reniers, Basia Zaba, Estelle McLean, Fredrick Kalobekamo, Olivier Koole, Moffat Nyirenda, Amelia C. Crampin
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2017)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Caoimhe Cawley, Ellen McRobie, Samuel Oti, Brian Njamwea, Amek Nyaguara, Frank Odhiambo, Fredrick Otieno, Muthoni Njage, Tara Shoham, Kathryn Church, Paul Mee, Jim Todd, Basia Zaba, Georges Reniers, Alison Wringe
HEALTH POLICY AND PLANNING
(2017)
Article
Immunology
Georges Reniers, Sylvia Blom, Clara Calvert, Alexandra Martin-Onraet, Abraham J. Herbst, Jeffrey W. Eaton, Jacob Bor, Emma Slaymaker, Zehang R. Li, Samuel J. Clark, Till Baernighausen, Basia Zaba, Victoria Hosegood
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Georges Reniers, Sylvia Blom, Judith Lieber, Abraham J. Herbst, Clara Calvert, Jacob Bor, Till Barnighausen, Basia Zaba, Zehang R. Li, Samuel J. Clark, Alison D. Grant, Richard Lessells, Jeffrey W. Eaton, Victoria Hosegood
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
David Etoori, Alison Wringe, Jenny Renju, Chodziwadziwa Whiteson Kabudula, Francesc Xavier Gomez-Olive, Georges Reniers
GLOBAL HEALTH ACTION
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Momodou Jasseh, Anne J. Rerimoi, Georges Reniers, Ian M. Timaeus
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate whether an adapted DHS-type survey can validate HDSS data. The results showed that the survey reasonably represented the population size and structure in the Farafenni HDSS database, but had lower coverage in the Basse HDSS database. Childhood mortality indicators were generally consistent across different time periods.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Ursula Gazeley, Georges Reniers, Julio E. Romero-Prieto, Clara Calvert, Momodou Jasseh, Kobus Herbst, Sammy Khagayi, David Obor, Daniel Kwaro, Albert Dube, Merga Dheresa, Chodziwadziwa W. Kabudula, Kathleen Kahn, Mark Urassa, Amek Nyaguara, Marleen Temmerman, Laura A. Magee, Peter von Dadelszen, Veronique Filippi
Summary: The study compared the causes of death for women who died during pregnancy and within the first 42 days postpartum with those of women who died between >42 days and within 1 year postpartum. The results showed that deaths from HIV and TB, other infectious diseases, and non-communicable diseases constituted a significantly larger proportion of late pregnancy-related deaths beyond 42 days postpartum. Health system failures were also identified as important factors in these deaths. The contribution of HIV and TB to deaths beyond 42 days postpartum was greatest in Southern Africa.
BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
David Etoori, Jenny Renju, Georges Reniers, Violet Ndhlovu, Sherly Ndubane, Princess Makhubela, Meriam Maritze, Francesc Xavier Gomez-Olive, Alison Wringe
Summary: Women's engagement with HIV care influences their decisions regarding early infant diagnosis (EID), with some mothers hesitant to utilize EID due to lack of information. Some mothers repeatedly utilize EID as reassurance of their child's negative status.
GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Demography
Dorean Nabukalu, Georges Reniers, Kathryn A. Risher, Sylvia Blom, Emma Slaymaker, Chodziwadziwa Kabudula, Basia Zaba, Fred Nalugoda, Godfrey Kigozi, Fred Makumbi, David Serwadda, Steven J. Reynolds, Milly Marston, Jeffrey W. Eaton, Ron Gray, Maria Wawer, Nelson Sewankambo, Tom Lutalo
POPULATION STUDIES-A JOURNAL OF DEMOGRAPHY
(2020)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Brian Rice, Andrew Boulle, Stefan Baral, Matthias Egger, Paul Mee, Elizabeth Fearon, Georges Reniers, Jim Todd, Sandra Schwarcz, Sharon Weir, George Rutherford, James Hargreaves
JMIR PUBLIC HEALTH AND SURVEILLANCE
(2018)
Article
Demography
Christie Sennott, Georges Reniers, F. Xavier Gomez-Olive, Jane Menken
INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES ON SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
(2016)
Article
Demography
Georges Reniers, Benjamin Armbruster, Aaron Lucas
DEMOGRAPHIC RESEARCH
(2015)