Journal
PLOS ONE
Volume 7, Issue 5, Pages -Publisher
PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036910
Keywords
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Categories
Funding
- European Union of the European Community [LSHM-CT-2006-037197]
- DLvdA
- AMWS
- HBBdM: Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports (VWS)
- Netherlands Cancer Registry (NKR)
- LK Research Funds
- Dutch Prevention Funds
- Dutch ZON (Zorg Onderzoek Nederland)
- World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF)
- Statistics Netherlands (The Netherlands)
- EA and AB: Health Research Fund (FIS)
- Regional Government of Andalucia
- Regional Government of Basque Country
- Regional Government of Murcia
- Regional Government of Navarra
- ISCIII RETIC (Spain) [RD06/0020]
- NL Agency [IGE05012]
- Board of the UMC Utrecht
- AM: Compagnia di San Paolo
- MDC: Health Research Fund (FIS) of the Spanish Ministry of Health
- Murcia Regional Government [6236]
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Spain
- FC: Cancer Research UK
- AT, JH, CCD, and KO: Danish Cancer Society
- OR: Vasterbotten County Council
- PWF: Swedish Research Council
- Novo Nordisk
- Swedish Diabetes Association
- Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation
- JRQ: Regional Government of the Principality of Asturias (Spain)
- PN and LG: Swedish Research Council
- RT: AIRE-ONLUS Ragusa
- AVIS-Ragusa
- Sicilian Regional Government
- KTK: Medical Research Council UK
- Cancer Research UK
- MRC [MC_UP_A100_1003] Funding Source: UKRI
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Background: In previous meta-analyses, tea consumption has been associated with lower incidence of type 2 diabetes. It is unclear, however, if tea is associated inversely over the entire range of intake. Therefore, we investigated the association between tea consumption and incidence of type 2 diabetes in a European population. Methodology/Principal Findings: The EPIC-InterAct case-cohort study was conducted in 26 centers in 8 European countries and consists of a total of 12,403 incident type 2 diabetes cases and a stratified subcohort of 16,835 individuals from a total cohort of 340,234 participants with 3.99 million person-years of follow-up. Country-specific Hazard Ratios (HR) for incidence of type 2 diabetes were obtained after adjustment for lifestyle and dietary factors using a Cox regression adapted for a case-cohort design. Subsequently, country-specific HR were combined using a random effects meta-analysis. Tea consumption was studied as categorical variable (0, >0-<1, 1-<4, >= 4 cups/day). The dose-response of the association was further explored by restricted cubic spline regression. Country specific medians of tea consumption ranged from 0 cups/day in Spain to 4 cups/day in United Kingdom. Tea consumption was associated inversely with incidence of type 2 diabetes; the HR was 0.84 [95% CI 0.71, 1.00] when participants who drank >= 4 cups of tea per day were compared with non-drinkers (p(linear) (trend) = 0.04). Incidence of type 2 diabetes already tended to be lower with tea consumption of 1-<4 cups/day (HR = 0.93 [95% CI 0.81, 1.05]). Spline regression did not suggest a non-linear association (p(non-linearity) = 0.20). Conclusions/Significance: A linear inverse association was observed between tea consumption and incidence of type 2 diabetes. People who drink at least 4 cups of tea per day may have a 16% lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes than non-tea drinkers.
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