Article
Neurosciences
Katherine S. Scheuer, John M. Judge, Xinyu Zhao, Meyer B. Jackson
Summary: Inhibitory interneurons expressing parvalbumin (PV) play critical roles throughout the brain, controlling circuit dynamics on a millisecond time scale. By using a genetically encoded hybrid voltage sensor, researchers were able to image PV interneuron voltage changes with sub-millisecond precision in the primary somatosensory barrel cortex of adult mice. This technique revealed differences in signaling dynamics within the cortical circuitry, offering a unique opportunity to investigate conduction in populations of axons based on their targeting specificity.
Article
Cell Biology
Amir Levi, Lidor Spivak, Hadas E. Sloin, Shirly Someck, Eran Stark
Summary: This study shows that inhibitory neurons driven via synaptic activation in the cortical neurons exhibit higher precision and error correction capability in the transmission of white noise signals. Additionally, the postsynaptic inhibitory neuron spiking is more reliable than presynaptic pyramidal cell spiking at a shorter timescale, demonstrating temporal coding.
Article
Neurosciences
A. J. Keefe, D. R. Gabrych, Y. Zhu, D. J. Vocadlo, M. A. Silverman
Summary: Loss of GCase activity, which is unrelated to lysosomal transport and rupture in neurons, does not contribute to neurodegenerative diseases.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
H. H. Mattingly, K. Kamino, B. B. Machta, T. Emonet
Summary: This study investigates the impact of information on the chemotactic abilities of Escherichia coli. The research finds a theoretical limit on the speed at which cells climb chemical gradients based on the rate of information acquisition. Despite limited information, E. coli cells are still able to efficiently utilize environmental cues to perform chemotaxis behavior.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Veronika Koren, Giulio Bondanelli, Stefano Panzeri
Summary: The brain, being an information processing machine, is best studied using computational tools based on the principles of information theory. Computational methods inspired by information theory have played a crucial role in advancing the field of neuroscience. This review discusses how these methods have contributed to the development of theories of information processing in neural circuits and mathematical methods for analyzing neural population recordings, revealing essential functions performed by neural circuits.
COMPUTATIONAL AND STRUCTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Farhan Ali, Ling-Xiao Shao, Danielle M. Gerhard, Katherine Sweasy, Santosh Pothula, Christopher Pittenger, Ronald S. Duman, Alex C. Kwan
Summary: Mutation in the SHANK3 gene can result in synaptic calcium dysregulation, which affects learning and cognitive abilities. Upregulation of specific subunits can correct this abnormal signal and improve learning deficits.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Acoustics
Youenn Jezequel, Seth Cones, T. Aran Mooney
Summary: There is a growing concern about the impact of anthropogenic sounds on marine animals, but the sound sensitivities of most invertebrates, despite their ecological and economic importance, are still not well understood. In this study, we quantified auditory thresholds and bandwidth of giant scallops and found significant differences in sensitivity between juveniles and subadults. We also observed intensity and frequency-dependent responses of scallops to sounds. These findings provide important insights into the sound sensitivity of marine benthic invertebrates and emphasize the potential impacts of anthropogenic sound on valuable ecological resources like scallops.
JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Thomas Offner, Lukas Weiss, Daniela Daume, Anna Berk, Tim Justin Inderthal, Ivan Manzini, Thomas Hassenkloever
Summary: In this study, the impact of the wiring between olfactory receptor neuron axons and mitral/tufted cell dendrites on glomerular module organization and odor representations in the Xenopus laevis olfactory bulb network was investigated. The results showed that amino acid odorants are not organized in a stereotypic or chemotopic manner on isolated glomeruli. It was concluded that odor map heterogeneity is caused by the coexistence of different intermingled glomerular modules, suggesting that the organization of the amphibian main olfactory system is not strictly based on uni-glomerular connectivity.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Peng Wang, Chang-Qi Yu, Zi-Xu Wang, Rui-Yang Yuan, Fang-Fang Du, Bao-Cang Ren
Summary: In this paper, hyperentanglement-assisted hyperdistillation schemes are proposed to improve the quality and reduce the resource consumption of photon systems in quantum information processing. The success probability is optimized by utilizing quantum hyper-teleportation. These schemes have potential applications in practical quantum information processing.
FRONTIERS OF PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Jonas Englund, Joni Haikonen, Vasilii Shteinikov, Shyrley Paola Amarilla, Tsvetomira Atanasova, Alexandra Shintyapina, Maria Ryazantseva, Juha Partanen, Vootele Voikar, Sari E. Lauri
Summary: Early life stress can alter the function of kainate receptors in the amygdala, leading to changes in GABAergic microcircuits and potentially contributing to anxio-genesis. These changes showed gender specificity and affected behavioral phenotypes in male rodents.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sung Min Koh, Young Sang Cho, Ga-Young Kim, Mini Jo, Hye Yoon Seol, Il Joon Moon
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the clinical effectiveness of the recently released percutaneous bone-anchored hearing implant, Ponto, in Korean patients. The results showed that Ponto system had significant clinical benefits in improving patients' hearing, increasing word recognition scores, and reducing listening effort.
JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jessica B. Lee, Leandra M. Caywood, Jennifer Y. Lo, Nicholas Levering, Albert J. Keung
Summary: Biological information can be encoded within the dynamics of signaling components, with experiments showing that gene expression and filtering behaviors can be altered by tuning the pulse frequency, amplitude, and pulse width of light-regulating epigenome editor binding. The study demonstrates a quantification of the limit to the amount of information that can be reliably transferred across a single promoter, as well as the ability of chromatin state to tune mutual information and alter the input-output transfer function of the promoter, unlocking the information-rich content of eukaryotic gene regulation.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andrew P. Feinberg, Andre Levchenko
Summary: This review discusses modern approaches to epigenetic and gene regulation landscapes and their relevance to cancer etiology and the plasticity of cancerous states. The interplay between different types of regulatory landscapes and their changes in cancer progression are addressed. Cellular aging and intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli play important roles in modulating cellular states. Quantitatively mapping landscape alterations onto phenotypic outcomes can be used in therapy development.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Jiaxin Liang, Haoyuan Pan, Soung Chang Liew
Summary: This study investigates the freshness of information in multichannel access in information update systems by dividing the channel into different numbers of subchannels to affect the performance of Age of Information (AoI).
IEEE WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Primary Health Care
Lars E. Peterson, John Johannides, Robert L. Phillips
Summary: The study showed that physicians do not use quality performance data in choosing certification activities, certification boards should make their programs relevant to practice, less burdensome, and supportive of quality improvement.
ANNALS OF FAMILY MEDICINE
(2022)