Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stephanie Bridgeman, Hon Chiu Woo, Philip Newsholme, Cyril Mamotte
Summary: This study compares the effects of butyrate and other HDAC inhibitors with statins on cholesterol metabolism. It found that butyrate and HDAC inhibition decreased cholesterol content in HepG2 cells and downregulated SREBP-2 regulated processes, unlike statins. However, butyrate did not increase cholesterol uptake by cells and reduced protein expression of ABCA1 and SRB1.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yu Du, Haitong Wan, Ping Huang, Jiehong Yang, Yu He
Summary: Astragalus polysaccharides (APs), as important active ingredients of Astragali Radix, have therapeutic potential for multiple diseases. However, their low bioavailability limits their clinical application. Nanocrystals and structural modification of APs have been shown to improve bioavailability, potentially expanding their application.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Qian Zhuang, Xin Ye, Shuang Shen, Jinnian Cheng, Yan Shi, Shan Wu, Jie Xia, Min Ning, Zhixia Dong, Xinjian Wan
Summary: Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) showed protective effects against diet-induced cholesterol gallstone (CG) disease by reducing cholesterol absorption, increasing hepatic bile acid synthesis, modulating intestinal receptor activation, and improving gut microbiota composition.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ryoma Tagawa, Masaki Kobayashi, Misako Sakurai, Maho Yoshida, Hiroki Kaneko, Yuhei Mizunoe, Yuka Nozaki, Naoyuki Okita, Yuka Sudo, Yoshikazu Higami
Summary: Long-term feeding of taurine lowers plasma cholesterol and bile acids by suppressing the FGF21/ERK pathway and upregulating Cyp7a1 expression, promoting cholesterol metabolism.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Guangming Chen, Nan Jiang, Junping Zheng, Haiming Hu, Huabing Yang, Aizhen Lin, Baifei Hu, Hongtao Liu
Summary: In this study, two homogeneous polysaccharides (APS-A1 and APS-B1) were isolated from Astragalus membranaceus and their chemical structures were characterized. APS-A1 had a 1,4-alpha-D-Glcp backbone with a 1,4,6-alpha-D-Glcp branch every ten residues, while APS-B1 was a heteropolysaccharide composed of glucose, galactose, and arabinose. Bioactivity assays showed that both APS-A1 and APS-B1 exhibited potential anti-inflammatory activity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Wei Zheng, Tao Huang, Qi-Zhen Tang, Shi Li, Jie Qin, Feng Chen
Summary: Astragalus polysaccharide extract (APS) has been shown to significantly reduce blood pressure in hypertensive mice, reduce inflammation and renal fibrosis, and improve renal function. In addition, APS administration can alleviate the increase in serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, and uric acid levels.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Bingbing Li, Ying Hong, Yu Gu, Shengjie Ye, Kaili Hu, Jian Yao, Kan Ding, Aihua Zhao, Wei Jia, Houkai Li
Summary: This study explores the mechanisms underlying the metabolic benefits of Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) using a functional metabolomics strategy. The study found that APS supplementation reversed the metabolic changes induced by a high-fat diet and identified 2-hydroxybutyric acid (2-HB) as a potential functional metabolite for APS activity. Further research indicated that 2-HB inhibited triglyceride accumulation and regulated proteins involved in lipid degradation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Matthew Stephens, Simon Roizes, Pierre-Yves von der Weid
Summary: The study found that Lovastatin and Simvastatin have concentration-dependent effects on the contractility of intestinal lymphatic vascular smooth muscle, which are related to their structural characteristics. Lovastatin acts by increasing the function of RhoKinase, while Simvastatin results in mitochondrial depolymerization in lymphatic smooth muscle cells, affecting their function.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Khalid Saad Alharbi, Fahad A. Al-Abbasi, Sami I. Alzarea, Obaid Afzal, Abdulmalik S. A. Altamimi, Waleed Hassan Almalki, Muhammad Shahid Nadeem, Muhammad Afzal, Nadeem Sayyed, Imran Kazmi
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the effect of hirsutidin on ethanol-induced stomach ulcers in rats. The results showed that hirsutidin could protect and restore serum parameters in ethanol-induced stomach ulcers, indicating its potential antiulcer activity.
JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jing Zhang, Quansheng Feng
Summary: Astragalus polysaccharides (APS), a chemical molecule derived from Astragalus membranaceus, have shown potential therapeutic effects on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). APS may help slow the progression of NAFLD through multiple molecular pathways. However, further research and clinical evidence are still needed.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Shihao Ding, Bingting Yu, Anneke J. van Vuuren
Summary: Research has shown that inhibiting cholesterol synthesis can effectively suppress the replication of rotavirus, while increasing cholesterol production can enhance rotavirus replication. Therefore, cholesterol homeostasis plays a crucial role in the replication of rotavirus.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Vasily P. Karagodin, Volha I. Summerhill, Shaw-Fang Yet, Alexander N. Orekhov
Summary: This review discusses the potential role and mechanisms of plant-derived polysaccharides in the treatment of atherosclerosis, and explores directions for further research.
CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Gabriel Mitchell, Melanie R. Silvis, Kelsey C. Talkington, Jonathan M. Budzik, Claire E. Dodd, Justin M. Paluba, Erika A. Oki, Kristine L. Trotta, Daniel J. Licht, David Jimenez-Morales, Seemay Chou, Paul B. Savage, Carol A. Gross, Michael A. Marletta, Jeffery S. Cox
Summary: The study found that although E. coli responded similarly to CAMPs and ceragenins, ceragenins have a unique mode of action, mainly modulating functions related to phosphate transport. Using the CRISPRi method, essential genes in the E. coli genome were identified that modify sensitivity to ceragenins, revealing the unique antimicrobial mechanism of ceragenins.
Article
Microbiology
Gabriel Mitchell, Melanie R. Silvis, Kelsey C. Talkington, Jonathan M. Budzik, Claire E. Dodd, Justin M. Paluba, Erika A. Oki, Kristine L. Trotta, Daniel J. Licht, David Jimenez-Morales, Seemay Chou, Paul B. Savage, Carol A. Gross, Michael A. Marletta, Jeffery S. Cox
Summary: This study compares the bacterial responses to CAMPs and ceragenins, revealing that these two classes of molecules have distinct mechanisms of action. While both induce envelope stress response in Escherichia coli, ceragenins specifically regulate functions related to phosphate transport. Essential genes that modify sensitivity to ceragenins were identified using CRISPRi interference. The findings of this study contribute to a deeper understanding of the design principles for optimizing synthetic CAMPs.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Miaoyin Dong, Jinjuan Li, Delong Yang, Mengfei Li, Jianhe Wei
Summary: Astragalus membranaceus, a well-known traditional herbal medicine, has been used for more than 2000 years and its bioactive compounds have shown various pharmacological effects, such as liver protection, immunomodulation, and anti-cancer activities. This review comprehensively discusses the biosynthesis pathway of flavonoids and triterpenoid saponins in Astragalus membranaceus, as well as the structural features of polysaccharides. The review also summarizes the pharmacological effects of these compounds, providing a foundation for the development of clinical candidate agents. Additionally, potential strategies for heterologous biosynthesis are proposed to improve the industrial production and supply of natural products from Astragalus membranaceus.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yun-Jiu Cheng, Xiao-Ying Nie, Xu-Miao Chen, Xiao-Xiong Lin, Kai Tang, Wu-Tao Zeng, Wei-Yi Mei, Li-Juan Liu, Ming Long, Feng-Juan Yao, Jun Liu, Xin-Xue Liao, Zhi-Min Du, Yu-Gang Dong, Hong Ma, Hai-Peng Xiao, Su-Hua Wu
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2015)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Xu-Miao Chen, Cheng-Cheng Ji, Yun-Jiu Cheng, Li-juan Liu, Wei-Qi Zhu, Ying Huang, Wei-Ying Chen, Su-Hua Wu
CLINICAL CARDIOLOGY
(2016)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Li-Juan Liu, Feng-Juan Yao, Gui-Hua Lu, Cheng-Gui Xu, Zhe Xu, Kai Tang, Yun-Jiu Cheng, Xiu-Ren Gao, Su-Hua Wu
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Kai Tang, Yunjiu Cheng, Suhua Wu, Lijuan Liu, Lingli Cheng
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2012)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Fengjuan Yao, Lijuan Liu, Yan Zhang, Yanping Huang, Donghong Liu, Hong Lin, Yanqiu Liu, Rui Fan, Cuiling Li, Chunhua Deng
CLINICAL RESEARCH IN CARDIOLOGY
(2013)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yun-Jiu Cheng, Feng-Juan Yao, Li-Juan Liu, Kai Tang, Xiao-Xiong Lin, Wei-Jie Li, Jing Zhang, Su-Hua Wu
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Zhe Xu, Zhi-Ping Wang, Jing-Song Ou, Sheng-Li Yin, Li-Juan Liu, Xi Zhang
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2016)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jing Zhang, Can-Can Qiang, Wei-Jie Li, Li-Juan Liu, Xiao-Xiong Lin, Yun-Jiu Cheng, Kai Tang, Feng-Juan Yao, Su-Hua Wu
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR PHARMACOLOGY
(2014)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Wu-Tao Zeng, Xiu-Ting Sun, Kai Tang, Wei-Yi Mei, Li-Juan Liu, Qing Xu, Yun-Jiu Cheng