Article
Microbiology
Samantha S. Fontaine, Patrick M. Mineo, Kevin D. Kohl
Summary: The study focused on understanding the forces shaping vertebrate gut microbial community assembly and composition during different development stages, using the eastern newt as a model. Results showed that each life stage of the newt harbored a distinct gut microbial community, influenced by host factors, and the community assembly processes shifted from neutral to selective forces throughout development. Habitat also played a role in determining community membership and diversity.
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Vanessa P. Wuerthner, Jessica Hua, Obed Hernandez-Gomez
Summary: Host-associated microbiomes are crucial for organism health, but they can be influenced by both life stage and human activities.
ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Maggie R. Wagner, Thomas Mitchell-Olds
Summary: Natural habitat soil variation can affect glucosinolate content and composition in wild plants, and this effect is primarily due to the physical and chemical properties of the soil rather than the soil microbiome. There is also some genetic variation in the response of glucosinolate levels to soil variation.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Julia Seeber, Michael Steinwandter, Erich Tasser, Elia Guariento, Thomas Peham, Johannes Ruedisser, Birgit C. Schlick-Steiner, Florian M. Steiner, Ulrike Tappeiner, Erwin Meyer
Summary: This study analyzes the distribution of soil macro-invertebrates in the Eastern European Alps and provides comprehensive sampling data and parameters. It is important for studying global ecological trends and tracking long-term changes in soil fauna composition, filling the knowledge gap on alpine soil fauna.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Robert W. Buchkowski, Klara Benedek, Janos Balint, Attila Molnar, Tamas Felfoldi, Csaba Fazakas, Oswald J. Schmitz, Adalbert Balog
Summary: This study demonstrates that soil and its associated microbial community, in conjunction with the chemical content of plant leaves, determine the composition of the soil microbial community. Although there are sporadic effects of different combinations of leaf types and soil sources, the source of soil has a more significant impact on the microbial communities decomposing the leaf litter.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Haijiao Liu, Yuyao Song, Xiaodong Zhang, Guicheng Zhang, Chao Wu, Xingzhou Wang, Satheeswaran Thangaraj, Dongxiao Wang, Ju Chen, Jun Sun
Summary: The spatial pattern of primary productivity of phytoplankton in the eastern Indian Ocean was examined through deck-incubation carbon fixation measurements during the pre-summer monsoon season. There was significant spatial variability in carbon fixation rates, with higher rates in the Bay of Bengal domain and lower rates in the equatorial domain. Nutrients had a partial control on primary production, while carbon fixation was primarily limited by light availability.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Margaret M. Lamont, Darren Johnson
Summary: The neritic environment is vital for supporting multi-species marine assemblages such as sea turtles, but it also faces various anthropogenic threats. Targeting conservation funds towards areas that support diverse assemblages is crucial, especially in ongoing restoration efforts like the Gulf of Mexico post-Deepwater Horizon spill. The study analyzed two different neritic habitats to understand sea turtle aggregations, revealing differences in species composition and body condition index, particularly lower for green turtles in sand habitats.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Forestry
Aida Rodriguez-Garcia, Juan A. Martin, Luis Gil, Maria Menendez-Gutierrez, Raquel Diaz
Summary: Different studies have shown the importance of resin canal traits in the susceptibility of pine trees to the pine wood nematode. Resin canals facilitate the migration of the nematode and play a role in the accumulation of volatile terpenes in response to the pathogen. This research investigated the anatomical traits of constitutive resin canals in seven Pinus species with varying susceptibility to the nematode. The high-susceptible group had wider constitutive canals and higher xylem radial growth compared to the low-susceptible group. The results suggest that resin canal traits play a role in the susceptibility of Pinus spp. to the pine wood nematode.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
A. K. Nayak, Rahul Tripathi, B. Dhal, A. D. Nayak, S. Vijayakumar, B. Satpathy, D. Chatterjee, C. K. Swain, K. C. Moharana, P. K. Nayak, Annie Poonam, Sangita Mohanty, M. Shahid, Anjani Kumar, B. Mondal, B. B. Panda, A. K. Patra, S. K. Swain, H. Pathak
Summary: This study assessed the environmental impact, eco-efficiency, and technical efficiency of integrated farming systems (IFS) of different sizes and various enterprises. The highest eco-efficiency was observed in marginal farms, while small farms had the lowest eco-efficiency. Fruits had the highest eco-efficiency among the enterprises, whereas dairy had the lowest. The technical efficiency scores decreased with increasing farm size, with marginal farms having the highest score and medium and large farms having the lowest scores. These findings highlight the importance of providing training, demonstrations, funding support, and subsidies to promote wider adoption of IFS for higher returns.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SUSTAINABILITY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Marko Ivic, Sonja Grljusic, Ivana Plavsin, Kresimir Dvojkovic, Ana Lovric, Bruno Rajkovic, Marko Maricevic, Marko Cerne, Brigita Popovic, Zdenko Loncaric, Alison R. Bentley, Stephanie M. Swarbreck, Hrvoje Sarcevic, Dario Novoselovic
Summary: By comparing the agronomic performance of 48 diverse wheat cultivars, it was found that there is a relationship between nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and its components, with varietal selection for increased yield driving the improvement of NUE over time. Agricultural trait values were significantly lower in the low nitrogen treatment, indicating that this variation is mainly genotype-dependent.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Tian Qiu, Zhiyuan Liu, Yunfei Yang, Bao Liu
Summary: Genetic and epigenetic variations may both play roles in heritable phenotypic divergence associated with adaptation to environmental stresses. Studies have shown that epigenetic variation can be even higher than genetic variation, and significant correlations between epigenetic differentiation and adaptive genetic divergence were found in populations across different habitats. This suggests that when assessing global change responses of plant species, intraspecific variation needs to be considered, with epigenetic diversity potentially playing a crucial role in ecological differentiation within natural populations.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yelike Tusifujiang, Xueni Zhang, Lu Gong
Summary: This study demonstrates that foliar stoichiometric characteristics of desert plant communities are mainly influenced by intraspecific variation, with this influence decreasing as soil moisture and salinity decrease. Intraspecific variation declines under intensified drought stress, indicating reduced adaptability of desert plants. Species turnover plays a dominant role in the overall variation of C-related traits, especially in low soil moisture and salinity habitats.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Hsiu-Chin Lin, Yue Him Wong, Chia-Hsuan Sung, Benny Kwok Kan Chan
Summary: The study found that barnacles of different species rely on a highly duplicated genetic toolkit to generate paralogous CP sequences with diverse chemical and biochemical properties, instead of developing specific cement proteins for different attachment substrates.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Churong Liu, Hongrun Liu, Xueqing Liu, Gang Li, Yushi Zhang, Mingcai Zhang, Zhaohu Li
Summary: Excessive nitrogen fertilization leads to increased nitrous oxide emissions in agroecological systems. The use of 3,4-dime-thylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) helps mitigate these emissions. The efficiency of DMPP in reducing nitrous oxide was found to vary with spatiotemporal heterogeneity. Factors such as soil organic matter, total nitrogen, pH, texture, and microbial diversity were important for DMPP efficiency. DMPP significantly increased populations of ammonia-oxidizing archaea and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, leading to reduced N2O emissions. The understanding of abiotic and biotic factors affecting DMPP efficiency is crucial for its successful application and the development of more efficient strategies for N2O mitigation.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Wen-Ting Gu, Lin-Yuan Li, Wen-Jing Rui, Zhong-Wen Diao, Guo-Dong Zhuang, Xiao-Mei Chen, Zheng-Ming Qian, Shu-Mei Wang, Dan Tang, Hong-Yan Ma
Summary: This study established a new method using HS-SPME-GC-MS to distinguish CG, TG, and MCG. By analyzing volatile components and using multivariate statistical approaches, differential markers were identified to differentiate the three types of ginseng. The results suggest that HS-SPME-GC-MS analysis combined with metabolomic analytical methods and chemometric techniques can serve as powerful tools for identifying different types of ginseng.
ANALYTICAL METHODS
(2022)
Article
Biology
Cody S. Clements, Andrew S. Burns, Frank J. Stewart, Mark E. Hay
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Ecology
Matthew L. Forister, Su'ad A. Yoon, Casey S. Philbin, Craig D. Dodson, Bret Hart, Joshua G. Harrison, Oren Shelef, James A. Fordyce, Zachary H. Marion, Chris C. Nice, Lora A. Richards, C. Alex Buerkle, Zach Gompert
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2020)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Sarah E. Lester, Andrew Rassweiler, Sophie J. McCoy, Alexandra K. Dubel, Mary K. Donovan, Margaret W. Miller, Scott D. Miller, Benjamin I. Ruttenberg, Jameal F. Samhouri, Mark E. Hay
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nicole K. Johnston, Justin E. Campbell, Valerie J. Paul, Mark E. Hay
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Kelly Y. Inagaki, Maria Grazia Pennino, Sergio R. Floeter, Mark E. Hay, Guilherme O. Longo
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Limnology
Madison S. Willert, Christine A. M. France, Barrett L. Brooks, Carole C. Baldwin, Mark E. Hay
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY-METHODS
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rohan M. Brooker, Angelia L. Seyfferth, Alesia Hunter, Jennifer M. Sneed, Danielle L. Dixson, Mark E. Hay
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2020)
Article
Ecology
Zachary H. Marion, Kate H. Orwin, Jamie R. Wood, Robert J. Holdaway, Ian A. Dickie
Summary: This study reveals that fungal communities can vary significantly even at small distances, regardless of land use. Leaf, root, and soil-associated communities exhibit different patterns in the dominance or rarity of dissimilar species. Land-use differences are largely influenced by turnover between high-productivity grassland sites.
Article
Ecology
Stephanie M. Bilodeau, Mark E. Hay
Summary: Marine and freshwater ecosystems differ in persistence, size, population connectivity, and the variance in physical and biotic conditions they experience. These differences may select for differing reproductive modes and chemically cued recruitment behaviors. In marine systems, adults are less mobile and larvae disperse in the plankton, while in freshwater systems, adults commonly disperse over greater distances and determine juvenile recruitment sites. Chemical cues have been shown to affect recruitment in both marine and freshwater systems.
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Natalie Grayson, Cody S. Clements, Alexandra A. Towner, Deanna S. Beatty, Mark E. Hay
Summary: Detritivore sea cucumbers were abundant on historic tropical reefs but have been heavily exploited since the mid-1800s, resulting in their depletion from modern marine communities. Experiments have shown that the removal of detritovores may make some co-occurring foundation species in shallow tropical seas more susceptible to pathogens during periods of elevated temperatures or other stresses.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Cody S. Clements, Mark E. Hay
Summary: Research found that mixed coral assemblages showed better productivity and survival, with positive effects exceeding agonistic interactions predicted by competition theory. Peak coral performance was observed at intermediate levels of species richness, declining thereafter. Therefore, the positive effects of coral diversity are crucial for the recovery of degraded reefs and the conservation of marine ecosystems.
Article
Ecology
Madison S. Willert, Christine A. M. France, Carole C. Baldwin, Mark E. Hay
Summary: Overfishing globally simplifies marine food webs, changes trophic patterns, and alters community structure, impacting harvested species density and trophic function. Northwestern Atlantic has a history of heavy fishing and destructive bottom fishing and mobile fishing gear. Analysis of nitrogen stable isotopes in museum specimens and modern samples revealed significant declines in trophic positions for two common fishes, Centropristis striata (black sea bass) and Stenotomus chrysops (scup), over time. Heavy fishing activities may shorten food chains, simplify trophic complexity, and flatten food webs, potentially causing cascading impacts on community structure and function. Utilizing archived collections and stable isotope analysis can help quantify the long-term effects of fishing on ecosystems and food webs.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rebecca Vega Thurber, Mark Hay
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
M. L. Forister, C. S. Philbin, Z. H. Marion, C. A. Buerkle, C. D. Dodson, J. A. Fordyce, G. W. Forister, S. L. Lebeis, L. K. Lucas, C. C. Nice, Z. Gompert
Article
Plant Sciences
Katherine Moccia, Spiridon Papoulis, Andrew Willems, Zachary Marion, James A. Fordyce, Sarah L. Lebeis
PHYTOBIOMES JOURNAL
(2020)