Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fumiaki Ito, Ana L. Alvarez-Cabrera, Shiheng Liu, Hanjing Yang, Anna Shiriaeva, Z. Hong Zhou, Xiaojiang S. Chen
Summary: Human APOBEC3G (A3G) is a virus restriction factor that inhibits HIV-1 replication and triggers lethal hypermutation. HIV-1 viral infectivity factor (Vif) hijacks a cellular E3 ubiquitin ligase complex to target A3G and evade immune response. Understanding the molecular mechanism of this interaction is crucial for developing antiretroviral therapeutics.
Article
Immunology
Yan-Fen Tang, Yu Wang, Tian-Jiao Xue, Gang Liu, Qi Chen, Wen Zhao, Yan-Yan Liu, Rong-Qian Chen, Li Chen, Jing Liu
Summary: This study analyzed the clinical characteristics of HIV-infected patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE). The results showed that patients with high viral load, increased levels of CRP and D-dimer, and lower CD4(+) cell and albumin levels were more likely to have opportunistic infections and HIV-related tumors.
JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Eric Zhang, Jin Choul Chai, Amy A. Deik, Simin Hua, Anjali Sharma, Michael F. Schneider, Deborah Gustafson, David B. Hanna, Jordan E. Lake, Leah H. Rubin, Wendy S. Post, Kathryn Anastos, Todd Brown, Clary B. Clish, Robert C. Kaplan, Qibin Qi
Summary: This study identified multiple plasma lipid species associated with incident diabetes, most of which were elevated in ART-treated individuals with HIV infection, suggesting a complex role of lipids in the link between ART and diabetes in HIV infection.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Vera Portillo, Chiara Fedeli, Pilar Ustero Alonso, Ianis Petignat, Ellen Cristina Mereles Costa, Adi Sulstarova, Cyril Jaksic, Sabine Yerly, Alexandra Calmy
Summary: This study assesses the immunological response and virological control of mRNA vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 in people living with HIV. The study found that all participants developed antibodies after the first and second doses, with minor impact on HIV-1 RNA levels over a 6-month period.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Anne Inderbitzin, Tom Loosli, Lennart Opitz, Peter Rusert, Karin J. Metzner
Summary: The main obstacle to curing HIV-1 is the latent reservoir. Understanding the mechanism of HIV-1 latency and reactivation through CD4(+) T cell models is crucial. Recent studies have used transcriptome analysis to identify differentially expressed genes in latently- and reactivated HIV-1 infected cells, providing insights into HIV-1 latency.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Wellinton M. do Nascimento, Aline Machiavelli, Luiz G. E. Ferreira, Luisa Cruz Silveira, Suwellen S. D. de Azevedo, Gonzalo Bello, Daniel P. Smith, Melissa P. Mezzari, Joseph F. Petrosino, Rubens Tadeu Delgado Duarte, Carlos R. Zarate-Blades, Aguinaldo R. Pinto
Summary: The study investigated the gut microbiota profile of antiretroviral therapy-naive HIV-1 patients and healthy donors, revealing that different infection routes and HIV subtypes may be associated with variations in gut microbiota composition.
Article
Parasitology
Imane Belbacha, Meryem El Azzouzi, Rajae Bensghir, Kamal Filali Marhoum, Khadija Hajjout, El Mir Elharti, Khalid Sadki, Hicham Oumzil
Summary: This study investigates the association of three SNPs in the APOBEC3G gene with disease outcomes in Moroccan HIV-1 infected patients. The rs2294367 CG genotype is strongly associated with protection against HIV-1 infection, particularly in older individuals.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Brenda Kitilya, George PrayGod, Robert Peck, John Changalucha, Kidola Jeremiah, Bazil Baltazar Kavishe, Henrik Friis, Suzanne Filteau, Daniel Faurholt-Jepsen, Rikke Krogh-Madsen, Soren Brage, Mette F. Olsen
Summary: In Mwanza, Tanzania, HIV-infected individuals have lower levels of physical activity and capacity compared to HIV-uninfected individuals. The correlates of physical activity and capacity differ between HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected individuals.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lilian Nkinda, Eliud Buberwa, Peter Memiah, Alieth Ntagalinda, Martin George, Frank Msafiri, Agricola Joachim, Mtebe Majigo, Kaushik Ramaiya, Bruno Sunguya
Summary: This study assessed impaired fasting glucose and associated factors among perinatally HIV-infected adolescents and youths in Dar es salaam, Tanzania. The study found that about one in three perinatally HIV-infected youths had impaired fasting glucose, with males bearing the biggest burden. Moreover, the level of interleukin-6 was positively associated with the probability of impaired fasting glucose.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Pinggui Cai, Qian Chen, Wenran Du, Shanqing Yang, Jiarui Li, Hetong Cai, Xiaohui Zhao, Weiling Sun, Nan Xu, Jiawen Wang
Summary: Little is known about the dynamics of metal resistance genes (MRGs) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) under different metal(loid) contamination levels. This study systematically investigated MRGs and ARGs in three zones with different contamination levels across an abandoned sewage reservoir. The findings showed that diverse MRGs and ARGs were detected in the highly contaminated zone, while specific bacteria in the moderately contaminated zone promoted the vertical gene transfer of MRGs and ARGs.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Gerd Wallukat, Fernando Antonio Botoni, Manoel Otavio da Costa Rocha, Vitoria Louise, Johannes Mueller, Andre Talvani
Summary: The study found that dogs infected by Trypanosoma cruzi generate agonistic beta 1ARAb, beta 2ARAb, and M2RAb antibodies. Different strains of T. cruzi infection may impact the antibody activities. In cardiomyocytes culture, the antibodies recognized epitopes similar to those seen in human chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Renata Santos Almeida, Maria Lucia Brito Ferreira, Paulin Sonon, Marli Tenorio Cordeiro, Ibrahim Sadissou, George Tadeu Nunes Diniz, Maria De Fatima Pessoa Militao-Albuquerque, Rafael Freitas De Oliveira Franca, Eduardo Antonio Donadi, Norma Lucena-Silva
Summary: Severe neurological complications following arbovirus infections can be a major concern during seasonal outbreaks, as observed in Brazil. This study evaluated the levels of various soluble markers in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of infected patients, with differential levels between acute and recovery phases. Certain markers may discriminate risks for neurological complications, which are associated with an inflammatory profile, while non-complicated patients may exhibit an anti-inflammatory profile. Some mediators may be induced in response to neurological damage, and immune checkpoint molecules interact with various factors. Identification of soluble markers may be useful for monitoring neurological complications and developing novel therapies against neuroinflammation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Michela Bulfoni, Riccardo Pravisani, Emiliano Dalla, Daniela Cesselli, Masaaki Hidaka, Carla Di Loreto, Susumu Eguchi, Umberto Baccarani
Summary: This study demonstrated a significant downregulation of certain miRNAs in HIV-HCV co-infected liver transplant recipients, correlating with HCV viral load and liver inflammation as early as 6 months post-transplantation.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Trevon Fuller, Tara Kerin, Ruth Cortado, Maria de Lourdes Benamor Teixeira, Maria Isabel Fragoso da Silveira Gouvea, Christianne Moreira, Maria Leticia Santos Cruz, Jose Henrique Pilotto, Ivete Gomes, Breno Santos, Taui Rocha, Priya R. Soni, Esau Joao, Myung Shin-Sim, Yvonne Bryson, Karin Nielsen-Saines
Summary: This study examines the development of HIV DNA levels and the effect on HIV antibodies in perinatally HIV-infected children after receiving cART treatment. The results show that there is no significant difference in HIV DNA levels at school age between children who received early or late cART initiation. Furthermore, a decrease in HIV antibodies is associated with long-term viral suppression.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Bruna Pereira Martins da Silva, Simara Larissa Fanalli, Julia Dezen Gomes, Vivian Vezzoni de Almeida, Heidge Fukumasu, Felipe Andre Oliveira Freitas, Gabriel Costa Monteiro Moreira, Barbara Silva-Vignato, James Mark Reecy, James Eugene Koltes, Dawn Koltes, Julio Cesar de Carvalho Balieiro, Severino Matias de Alencar, Julia Pereira Martins da Silva, Luiz Lehmann Coutinho, Juliana Afonso, Luciana Correia de Almeida Regitano, Gerson Barreto Mourao, Albino Luchiari Filho, Aline Silva Mello Cesar
Summary: This study evaluated the effect of different levels of soybean oil on lipid metabolism and transcriptome in pig's brain tissue. The results showed that soybean oil levels did not affect brain lipid content and fatty acid profile, but there were changes in gene expression related to intracellular calcium, lipid metabolism, and oxidative processes.