Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Edwige Audibert, Berangere Lebas, Corentin Spriet, Anouck Habrant, Brigitte Chabbert, Gabriel Paes
Summary: This study proposes an automated method for the quantification of chemical and morphological parameters through fluorescence macroscopy, which was applied on wood samples pretreated with steam explosion. The results show that steam explosion has a significant impact on the wood samples, altering the fluorescence intensity and causing morphological changes such as cell shrinkage and deformation of cell walls. The developed procedure allows simultaneous and effective quantification of morphological parameters and fluorescence intensity of the cell walls, providing valuable insights into biomass architecture.
Article
Ecology
Roberta L. C. Dayrell, Tankred Ott, Tom Horrocks, Peter Poschlod
Summary: Traditional methods of describing biological objects have limitations in accuracy, subjectivity, and efficiency. In this study, a simple image acquisition and processing protocol, as well as an open-source software called Traitor, were developed to automatically extract seed morphological traits. The software showed high accuracy and interpretability in processing large-scale image datasets, improving productivity and facilitating seed identification and functional relevance research.
METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jiangyan Wang, Jiangfeng Li, Lizhen Xu, Dan Tan, Rui Guo, Weiying Lin
Summary: Diabetes mellitus and its complications pose a significant healthcare burden worldwide, but the lack of effective biomarkers and non-invasive real-time monitoring tools remains a challenge for early diagnosis. This study introduces a two-photon probe DM-FA for selective monitoring of endogenous formaldehyde (FA) levels during diabetes mellitus. The probe exhibits excellent selectivity, high growth factor, and good photostability, and has been successfully used for visualizing FA in cells and mice. The findings provide a novel strategy for diagnosing and evaluating the efficacy of drug therapy for diabetes mellitus, with potential impact on clinical medicine.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Hang Liu, Daniel Li, Changsheng Dai, Guanqiao Shan, Zhuoran Zhang, Songlin Zhuang, Chang-Won Lee, Avelyn Wong, Chunfeng Yue, Zongjie Huang, Khaled Abdalla, Iryna Kuznyetsova, Clifford Librach, Yu Sun
Summary: This paper presents a CNN-based method using multi-focus images for automated grading of human blastocysts. The attention module integrates high-level features from multi-focus images to predict the morphological grade of a blastocyst. Experimental results show that multi-focus blastocyst images improve grading accuracies compared to single blastocyst images.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Elsie Quansah, Tanveer Ahmed Shaik, Ecehan Cevik, Xinyue Wang, Christiane Hoeppener, Tobias Meyer-Zedler, Volker Deckert, Michael Schmitt, Juergen Popp, Christoph Krafft
Summary: This study investigated the structural and biochemical changes induced by pentosidine (PENT) crosslinks in glycated tissues using multimodal multiphoton imaging, Raman spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The results showed that the non-centrosymmetry loss of collagen led to a decrease in second harmonic generation (SHG) signal intensity, while the PENT crosslinks caused an increase in two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) signal intensity. Raman spectroscopy was able to detect collagen-related changes and differentiate glycated from untreated tissues.
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Spectroscopy
Mei Zhao, Di Shi, Wandi Hu, Tao Ma, Lei He, Danqing Lu, Yunchu Hu, Liyi Zhou
Summary: Selenocysteine (Sec), recognized as the 21st amino acid, is essential for selenoproteins and plays a significant role in physiological processes. A new two-photon fluorescent probe, BNT-Sec, was developed for Sec detection and imaging in living cells and zebrafish, showing great potential in biological applications.
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Shan Wang, Yongbao Shen, Huapeng Bao
Summary: This study investigated the seed dynamics of the endangered plant species Magnolia zenii Cheng to determine the appropriate harvest stage, finding that the seeds may exhibit physiological dormancy. As the seeds approached maturity, there were significant increases in fat, soluble sugar, and soluble starch content. Additionally, there were significant changes in enzyme activities during seed development, indicating vigorous metabolism during certain stages.
PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Sven P. Voigt, K. Ravikumar, Bikramjit Basu, Surya R. Kalidindi
Summary: Computerized image analysis of biological cells and tissues is essential for high-throughput microscopy, offering improved accuracy and efficiency. A novel workflow for automated analysis of fluorescence microscopy images is presented in this study, showing superior results compared to a single workflow in terms of accuracy and reliability.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yaru Lu, Ruifei Wang, Yaru Sun, Minggang Tian, Baoli Dong
Summary: The ER stress is closely related to various metabolic diseases and could lead to the abnormal production of ROS including O-2(center dot-). A specific two-photon probe called ER-Rs has been developed for real-time detection of endogenous O-2(center dot-) in living cells and zebrafishes. The ER-Rs probe shows high sensitivity and selectivity towards O-2(center dot-), making it suitable for visualization of endogenous O-2(center dot-) in live cells, tissues, and zebrafishes.
Article
Horticulture
Stefania Toscano, Giovanni La Fornara, Daniela Romano
Summary: The growth and aesthetic value of ornamental plant species near coastlines are negatively impacted by salt spray. The presence of surfactants can exacerbate salt damage. The study found that treatments with salt spray and surfactants influenced plant growth and aesthetic features, with significant leaf damage observed in the second growing period. Gas exchanges were significantly affected, especially in the second growing period, with a reduction in net photosynthesis due to salt spray.
Article
Microbiology
Tan Liu, Zhihui Chen, Yunhua Xiao, Mingmin Yuan, Chenkai Zhou, Gang Liu, Jun Fang, Bo Yang
Summary: Nitrogen limitation and starvation can increase the lipid content of microalgal cells but decrease biomass productivity, pigment concentration, and protein content. Three-day nitrogen starvation is a suitable strategy to produce lipid-rich biomass and causes changes in cell morphology. Saturated fatty acids dominate, making microalgae a potential feedstock for biodiesel production.
Article
Horticulture
Tao Huang, Huihui Zhang, Qianqian Sheng, Zunling Zhu
Summary: This study aims to investigate the rooting mechanism of Bougainvillea. The results show that endogenous hormones and enzyme activities play key roles in the formation of adventitious roots. By studying the origin and developmental stages of root primordium, it is demonstrated that GA(3) and ZR promote adventitious root formation, while ABA inhibits it.
Article
Forestry
Alvaro Luis Pasquetti Berghetti, Maristela Machado Araujo, Luciane Almeri Tabaldi, Felipe Turchetto, Suelen Carpenedo Aimi, Daniele Guarienti Rorato, Carina Marchezan, Adriana Maria Griebeler, Felipe Manzoni Barbosa, Gustavo Brunetto
Summary: The application of phosphorus and a water-retaining polymer can increase the availability of P for Cordia trichotoma, leading to improved growth and photosynthetic efficiency. The water-retaining polymer did not have a significant effect on plant growth parameters.
JOURNAL OF FORESTRY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yan Liang, Xin Xu, Hailong Shen, Meiling Gao, Yan Zhao, Xue Bai
Summary: The embryogenic potential of Korean pine calli decreases with successive subcultures. Calli with high embryogenic potential exhibit designated embryonic structures and mucilaginous extracellular matrix, while calli with low embryogenic potential show disintegrated embryonic structures and degraded cells. The levels and ratios of endogenous phytohormones also play important roles in maintaining embryogenic potential.
PLANT CELL TISSUE AND ORGAN CULTURE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jiahao Shao, Jie Wang, Yanhong Li, Mauricio A. Elzo, Tao Tang, Tianfu Lai, Yuan Ma, Mingchuan Gan, Li Wang, Xianbo Jia, Songjia Lai
Summary: The study showed that high-fat diet led to increased weight, fat accumulation, and behavioral changes in young female rabbits, along with physiological abnormalities such as hyperlipidemia and hyperthyroidism.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND ANIMAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Virology
Surendra Sharma, Karl Munger
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2020)
Review
Microbiology
Surendra Sharma, Karl Munger
Article
Virology
Joshua Hatterschide, Alexis C. Brantly, Miranda Grace, Karl Munger, Elizabeth A. White
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2020)
Article
Microbiology
Surendra Sharma, Karl Munger
Article
Microbiology
Tao Wei, Miranda Grace, Aayushi Uberoi, James C. Romero-Masters, Denis Lee, Paul F. Lambert, Karl Munger
Summary: The E7 protein of papillomavirus interacts with the host cell's RB1 protein to play a critical role in papilloma formation. Experimental infection with a mutant MmuPV1 virus expressing an RB1 binding-defective E7 mutant resulted in smaller and fewer papillomas with delayed onset.
Article
Virology
Dayna Sais, Karl Munger, Nham Tran
Summary: Human Papillomavirus type 16 plays a significant role in the development of Head and Neck cancers by targeting protein coding genes and miRNAs. Recent studies have used interactomes to investigate the impact of HPV16 on miRNAs, providing insights into its global regulation of the disease.
CURRENT OPINION IN VIROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Sharon Changshan Wu, Karl Munger
Summary: Cancer/testis antigens show potential as therapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, warranting further study to elucidate their role in the pathogenesis of these cancers. Their differential expression in HPV-positive HNSCC may mechanistically contribute to the genesis and clinical characteristics of these cancers, making them attractive targets for immunotherapies. These antigens, historically linked to diverse cancers, are increasingly implicated in various hallmarks of cancer, suggesting potential as cancer drivers.
Review
Virology
James C. Romero-Masters, Paul F. Lambert, Karl Munger
Summary: HPVs cause a wide range of human diseases, from benign warts to malignant cancers. The discovery of a murine papillomavirus that infects laboratory mice provides an opportunity to study HPV-induced malignant diseases. The E6 and E7 proteins encoded by high-risk HPVs contribute to HPV-induced cancers in multiple ways.
Editorial Material
Virology
Felicia Goodrum, Anice Lowen, Seema Lakdawala, James Alwine, Arturo Casadevall, Michael Imperiale, Walter Atwood, Daphne Avgousti, Joel Baines, Bruce Banfield, Lawrence Banks, Sumita Bhaduri-McIntosh, Deepta Bhattacharya, Daniel Blanco-Melo, David Bloom, Adrianus Boon, Steeve Boulant, Curtis Brandt, Andrew Broadbent, Christopher Brooke, Craig Cameron, Samuel Campos, Patrizia Caposio, Gary Chan, Anna Cliffe, John Coffin, Kathleen Collins, Blossom Damania, Michael Daugherty, Kari Debbink, James DeCaprio, Terence Dermody, Jimmy Dikeakos, Daniel DiMaio, Rhoel Dinglasan, W. Paul Duprex, Rebecca Dutch, Nels Elde, Michael Emerman, Lynn Enquist, Bentley Fane, Ana Fernandez-Sesma, Michelle Flenniken, Lori Frappier, Matthew Frieman, Klaus Frueh, Michaela Gack, Marta Gaglia, Tom Gallagher, Denise Galloway, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre, Adam Geballe, Britt Glaunsinger, Stephen Goff, Alexander Greninger, Meaghan Hancock, Eva Harris, Nicholas Heaton, Mark Heise, Ekaterina Heldwein, Brenda Hogue, Stacy Horner, Edward Hutchinson, Joseph Hyser, William Jackson, Robert Kalejta, Jeremy Kamil, Stephanie Karst, Frank Kirchhoff, David Knipe, Timothy Kowalik, Michael Lagunoff, Laimonis Laimins, Ryan Langlois, Adam Lauring, Benhur Lee, David Leib, Shan-Lu Liu, Richard Longnecker, Carolina Lopez, Micah Luftig, Jennifer Lund, Balaji Manicassamy, Grant McFadden, Michael McIntosh, Andrew Mehle, W. Allen Miller, Ian Mohr, Cary Moody, Nathaniel Moorman, Anne Moscona, Bryan Mounce, Joshua Munger, Karl Muenger, Eain Murphy, Mojgan Naghavi, Jay Nelson, Christopher Neufeldt, Janko Nikolich, Christine O'Connor, Akira Ono, Walter Orenstein, David Ornelles, Jing-hsiung Ou, John Parker, Colin Parrish, Andrew Pekosz, Philip Pellett, Julie Pfeiffer, Richard Plemper, Stephen Polyak, John Purdy, Dohun Pyeon, Miguel Quinones-Mateu, Rolf Renne, Charles Rice, John Schoggins, Richard Roller, Charles Russell, Rozanne Sandri-Goldin, Martin Sapp, Luis Schang, Scott Schmid, Stacey Schultz-Cherry, Bert Semler, Thomas Shenk, Guido Silvestri, Viviana Simon, Gregory Smith, Jason Smith, Katherine Spindler, Megan Stanifer, Kanta Subbarao, Wesley Sundquist, Mehul Suthar, Troy Sutton, Andrew Tai, Vera Tarakanova, Benjamin tenOever, Scott Tibbetts, Stephen Tompkins, Zsolt Toth, Koenraad van Doorslaer, Marco Vignuzzi, Nicholas Wallace, Derek Walsh, Michael Weekes, Jason Weinberg, Matthew Weitzman, Sandra Weller, Sean Whelan, Elizabeth White, Bryan Williams, Christiane Wobus, Scott Wong, Andrew Yurochko
Summary: Viruses have posed various challenges for humanity, but virology research has played a crucial role in reducing disease burden. The COVID-19 pandemic has brought unprecedented attention to the field, with concerns about conducting research on human pathogens and uncertainties regarding the origin of SARS-CoV-2. This has led to public confusion and misguided criticism of virology. This article aims to promote rational discourse by explaining gain-of-function approaches, discussing the possible origins of SARS-CoV-2, and outlining the regulatory structures in the United States that oversee virological research. The intention is to provide guidance to policymakers and maintain evidence-based discourse to address public concern and support vital virology research.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Virology
Warda Arman, Karl Munger
Summary: Papillomaviruses are ubiquitous epitheliotropic viruses that can establish persistent infections in mitotically active basal epithelial cells. To enable persistent infections, these viruses need to retain the basal cell identity and hold the cells in a replication-competent state. They achieve this by targeting the DNA damage and repair machinery for viral genome synthesis. Understanding the cellular factors targeted by papillomaviruses may aid in the development of antivirals.
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Felicia Goodrum, Anice Lowen, Seema Lakdawala, James Alwine, Arturo Casadevall, Michael Imperiale, Walter Atwood, Daphne Avgousti, Joel Baines, Bruce Banfield, Lawrence Banks, Sumita Bhaduri-McIntosh, Deepta Bhattacharya, Daniel Blanco-Melo, David Bloom, Adrianus Boon, Steeve Boulant, Curtis Brandt, Andrew Broadbent, Christopher Brooke, Craig Cameron, Samuel Campos, Patrizia Caposio, Gary Chan, Anna Cliffe, John Coffin, Kathleen Collins, Blossom Damania, Michael Daugherty, Kari Debbink, James DeCaprio, Terence Dermody, Jimmy Dikeakos, Daniel DiMaio, Rhoel Dinglasan, W. Paul Duprex, Rebecca Dutch, Nels Elde, Michael Emerman, Lynn Enquist, Bentley Fane, Ana Fernandez-Sesma, Michelle Flenniken, Lori Frappier, Matthew Frieman, Klaus Frueh, Michaela Gack, Marta Gaglia, Tom Gallagher, Denise Galloway, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre, Adam Geballe, Britt Glaunsinger, Stephen Goff, Alexander Greninger, Meaghan Hancock, Eva Harris, Nicholas Heaton, Mark Heise, Ekaterina Heldwein, Brenda Hogue, Stacy Horner, Edward Hutchinson, Joseph Hyser, William Jackson, Robert Kalejta, Jeremy Kamil, Stephanie Karst, Frank Kirchhoff, David Knipe, Timothy Kowalik, Michael Lagunoff, Laimonis Laimins, Ryan Langlois, Adam Lauring, Benhur Lee, David Leib, Shan-Lu Liu, Richard Longnecker, Carolina Lopez, Micah Luftig, Jennifer Lund, Balaji Manicassamy, Grant McFadden, Michael McIntosh, Andrew Mehle, W. Allen Miller, Ian Mohr, Cary Moody, Nathaniel Moorman, Anne Moscona, Bryan Mounce, Joshua Munger, Karl Muenger, Eain Murphy, Mojgan Naghavi, Jay Nelson, Christopher Neufeldt, Janko Nikolich, Christine O'Connor, Akira Ono, Walter Orenstein, David Ornelles, Jing-hsiung Ou, John Parker, Colin Parrish, Andrew Pekosz, Philip Pellett, Julie Pfeiffer, Richard Plemper, Stephen Polyak, John Purdy, Dohun Pyeon, Miguel Quinones-Mateu, Rolf Renne, Charles Rice, John Schoggins, Richard Roller, Charles Russell, Rozanne Sandri-Goldin, Martin Sapp, Luis Schang, Scott Schmid, Stacey Schultz-Cherry, Bert Semler, Thomas Shenk, Guido Silvestri, Viviana Simon, Gregory Smith, Jason Smith, Katherine Spindler, Megan Stanifer, Kanta Subbarao, Wesley Sundquist, Mehul Suthar, Troy Sutton, Andrew Tai, Vera Tarakanova, Benjamin tenOever, Scott Tibbetts, Stephen Tompkins, Zsolt Toth, Koenraad van Doorslaer, Marco Vignuzzi, Nicholas Wallace, Derek Walsh, Michael Weekes, Jason Weinberg, Matthew Weitzman, Sandra Weller, Sean Whelan, Elizabeth White, Bryan Williams, Christiane Wobus, Scott Wong, Andrew Yurochko
Summary: Viruses have posed numerous challenges to humanity, including respiratory infection, cancer, neurological impairment, and immunosuppression. Although virology research has made significant progress in combating these diseases through vaccines and antivirals, the COVID-19 pandemic has brought unprecedented attention to the field, with concerns regarding the safe conduct of research on human pathogens and uncertainties over the origins of SARS-CoV-2. This article aims to promote rational discourse by explaining gain-of-function approaches in science, discussing the possible origins of SARS-CoV-2, and outlining the current regulatory structures in place for virological research in the United States. The goal is to aid policymakers in navigating these controversial issues and ensure balanced, evidence-based discussions that support vital virology research.
Article
Microbiology
James C. Romero-Masters, Miranda Grace, Denis Lee, Joshua Lei, Melanie DePamphilis, Darya Buehler, Rong Hu, Ella Ward-Shaw, Simon Blaine-Sauer, Nathalie Lavoie, Elizabeth A. White, Karl Munger, Paul F. Lambert
Summary: Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) contribute to 5% of human cancers. Murine papillomavirus (MmuPV1) provides a powerful tool to study the roles of papillomavirus genes in pathogenesis arising from a natural infection. In this study, we confirmed the interaction between MmuPV1 E7 and PTPN14, and found that the intact PTPN14 binding site is essential for MmuPV1 E7 to promote virus-induced pathogenesis and delay epithelial differentiation.
Article
Microbiology
James C. Romero-Masters, Laura K. Muehlbauer, Mitchell Hayes, Miranda Grace, Evgenia Shishkova, Joshua J. Coon, Karl Munger, Paul F. Lambert
Summary: The E6 protein encoded by MmuPV1 has potent oncogenic activities in mouse keratinocytes, including inhibition of differentiation, promotion of proliferation, and decreased dependence on growth factors. Proteomic and transcriptomic analyses revealed that MmuPV1 E6 upregulates the expression of proteins related to cellular proliferation and other cancer hallmarks. These findings indicate that MmuPV1 E6 is a major driver of MmuPV1-induced pathogenesis.
Article
Microbiology
Sharon C. Wu, Miranda Grace, Karl Munger
Summary: Infections with ss-genus human papillomaviruses can cause skin lesions and potentially contribute to the development of squamous cell carcinomas. These viruses use various mechanisms to inhibit epithelial cell differentiation, allowing them to establish and maintain long-term infections in the basal-like epithelial cells.
Article
Cell Biology
Dimitra Pouli, Hong-Thao Thieu, Elizabeth M. Genega, Laura Baecher-Lind, Michael House, Brian Bond, Danielle M. Roncari, Megan L. Evans, Francisca Rius-Diaz, Karl Munger, Irene Georgakoudi
CELL REPORTS MEDICINE
(2020)