Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Mariana Fernandes Augusto, Debora Cristina da Silva Fernandes, Tamara Lopes Rocha de Oliveira, Fernanda Sampaio Cavalcante, Raiane Cardoso Chamon, Adriana Lucia Pires Ferreira, Simone Aranha Nouer, Katia Regina Netto dos Santos
Summary: This study identified the presence of the pandemic MRSA USA300 lineage for the first time in a teaching hospital in Brazil, indicating possible cross-transmission between patients with bloodstream infections. MRSA isolates were associated with hospital-acquired infections, older age, and hematologic cancer.
ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND INFECTION CONTROL
(2022)
Article
Mathematics
Zhaoqilin Yang, Gaoyun An, Ruichen Zhang
Summary: The paper focuses on the modeling, computational complexity, and accuracy of spatio-temporal models in video action recognition. A plug-and-play Spatio-Temporal Shift Module (STSM) is proposed, which effectively enhances the network's ability to learn spatio-temporal features without increasing parameters and computational complexity. By integrating with 2D CNNs, the new network can learn spatio-temporal features and outperform networks based on 3D convolutions.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Stefan Monecke, Patrick Eberechi Akpaka, Margaret R. Smith, Chandrashekhar G. Unakal, Camille-Ann Thoms Rodriguez, Khalil Ashraph, Elke Mueller, Sascha D. Braun, Celia Diezel, Martin Reinicke, Ralf Ehricht
Summary: The aim of this study was to comprehensively characterise S. aureus strains from Trinidad and Tobago, and Jamaica. A total of 101 isolates were collected, mainly from patients with skin and soft tissue infections. The isolates were characterised using DNA microarray and the production of Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) was examined. The study found high rates of PVL genes in methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) isolates, with a local CC8-MSSA clone and CC152-MSSA being the main contributors. Ten MRSA isolates were identified, including the pandemic ST239-MRSA-III strain and five isolates with a composite SCCmec element not observed elsewhere.
Article
Microbiology
Kristyna Dufkova, Matej Bezdicek, Kristina Cuprova, Dagmar Pantuckova, Marketa Nykrynova, Eva Brhelova, Iva Kocmanova, Silvie Hodova, Marketa Hanslianova, Tomas Juren, Bretislav Lipovy, Jiri Mayer, Martina Lengerova
Summary: In this study, a novel molecular typing approach for Staphylococcus aureus was established, combining high-resolution melting analysis and multilocus sequence typing. This approach is rapid, reproducible, and cost-efficient, and has great potential for improving epidemiological investigations of S. aureus.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Katarina Pomorska, Vladislav Jakubu, Lucia Malisova, Marta Fridrichova, Martin Musilek, Helena Zemlickova
Summary: This study aimed to characterize methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates from the blood of hospitalized patients in the Czech Republic between 2016 and 2018. The majority of MRSA strains were found to be resistant to several antibiotics, with 52 different spa types identified in the analyzed strains. The CC5 clonal complex was predominant in this study, with other CCs such as CC398, CC22, CC8, CC45, and CC97 also present.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Femke Broekhuis, Nicholas B. Elliot, Kosiom Keiwua, Kelvin Koinet, David W. Macdonald, Niels Mogensen, David Thuo, Arjun M. Gopalaswamy
Summary: Resource pulses can influence cheetah densities and space-use, with differences observed between males and females. Male cheetahs are more influenced by resource distribution, while females are more influenced by resource abundance. Overall densities fluctuate seasonally but without a clear pattern in relation to resource pulses.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Dawei Gui, Huagui He, Cuiming Liu, Shanshan Han
Summary: This study analyzed the spatiotemporal characteristics of carbon emissions in Guangdong Province from 2000 to 2020, revealing the increasing trend of carbon emissions and the stable spatial distribution pattern. The results can provide insights for formulating effective carbon reduction policies.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Gabriela Echaniz-Aviles, Maria Elena Velazquez-Meza, Brian Rodriguez-Arvizu, Maria Noemi Carnalla-Barajas, Araceli Soto Nogueron
Summary: In this study, the capsular genotypes of methicillin-resistant S. aureus clinical isolates were detected and their clonal distribution was determined. The majority of isolates contained the cap5 gene. Identification of the capsular genotypes of clinical MRSA isolates is crucial for the development of potential vaccine formulations.
ARCHIVES OF MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Xiyun Yang, Yan Yang, Lingzhuochao Meng, Ya Zhao
Summary: This paper proposes a PV power spatio-temporal prediction model considering time-shift correction and a multi-station information fusion strategy. It solves the issues of predicting multiple reference power stations using irradiance information and dealing with missing data by applying hierarchical clustering, data filtering, and multiple BP neural network models. The simulation analysis demonstrates the reliability and accuracy of this proposed scheme in predicting PV power with missing data.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Wajdi Kallel, Hassan Almusawa, Seyed Mehdi Mirhosseini-Alizamini, Mostafa Eslami, Hadi Rezazadeh, M. S. Osman
Summary: New optical soliton solutions for the coupled conformable Fokas-Lenells equation with spatio-temporal dispersion are obtained using Atangana's derivative operator and integration method. The solutions include dark, bright, singular, and periodic waves solitons, discussed graphically through 2D and 3D plots.
RESULTS IN PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Yuhuan Xiong, Jinghan Li, Duanpo Wu, Fang Dong, Junbiao Liu, Lurong Jiang, Jiuwen Cao, Yuansheng Xu
Summary: In this paper, a new method for automatic seizure detection is proposed, which extracts features from single-channel temporal brain network and multi-channel spatial brain network using multivariate variational mode decomposition (MVMD) and dispersion index (DI) calculation. The method achieves good results on two datasets.
BIOMEDICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING AND CONTROL
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Yunlei Zhang, Huaming Yu, Chongliang Zhang, Binduo Xu, Yupeng Ji, Yiping Ren, Ying Xue
Summary: In this study, Joint Species Distribution Models (JSDMs) were used to assess the effects of ontogenetic variation on species interactions and spatio-temporal distribution of 10 major fish species in the central and southern Yellow Sea. Results showed that spatial distribution, species interactions, and habitat suitability varied with life history stage for each species. Therefore, classifying species by life history stage may provide insights into species interactions and the effects of ontogenetic habitat shifts on species distributions.
FISHERIES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Mei-See Cheong, Mei-Chen Wu, Szu-Hao Huang
Summary: The study proposed a model to help investors detect financial market anomalies early, and utilize an interpretable model to explain these anomalies, helping investors have a comprehensive understanding of the stock market situation.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ahmad Rashiq, Om Prakash
Summary: Global climate change is causing increased concern due to intensification of extreme events, floods, and droughts in the Lower Gangetic Plain (LGP). Regional Climatic Models (RCM) are insufficient for capturing local climate variability needed for climate risk mitigation. This study fills this gap by assessing long-term local-scale climate variability using Modified Mann-Kendall (MMK) and Centroidal Day (CD) shifts for the Patna district, which can be applied to other districts in the LGP. The analysis shows a forward shift in monsoonal and annual rainfall in recent decades, with increased variability and surface runoff related to urbanization.
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Feodor Lobyrev, Colin P. Gallagher, Pavel Emeliyanenko
Summary: Models predicting the downstream dispersal of fish populations are crucial for their conservation and management. In this study, a novel model was used to predict the dispersion of age-0 adfluvial Dolly Varden in a spawning stream in Russia, taking into account various life history parameters.
ECOLOGICAL INFORMATICS
(2023)
Letter
Hematology
Scott J. C. Pallett, Rachel Wake, Jonathan Youngs, Cassie Pope, Ngee Keong Tan, Joshua Taylor, Lois Hawkins, Adam A. Witney, Kenneth G. Laing, Irene M. Monahan, Melek Akay, Alison Cox, Elisabetta Groppelli, Peter Kelleher, Paul Miller, Tihana Bicanic
BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Valerie O. Baede, Michael Z. David, Arjana Tambic Andrasevic, Dominique S. Blanc, Michael Borg, Grainne Brennan, Boudewijn Catry, Aurelie Chabaud, Joanna Empel, Hege Enger, Marie Hallin, Marina Ivanova, Andreas Kronenberg, Kuntaman Kuntaman, Anders Rhod Larsen, Katrien Latour, Jodi A. Lindsay, Bruno Pichon, Dewi Santosaningsih, Leo M. Schouls, Francois Vandenesch, Guido Werner, Dorota Zabicka, Helena Zemlickova, Harald Seifert, Margreet C. Vos
Summary: This study examined 24 MRSA surveillance programs in 16 countries and found that the current programs rely on heterogeneous data collection systems, which hampers international epidemiological monitoring and research. To harmonize MRSA surveillance, the study suggests improving data integration, establishing central biobanks for MRSA isolates, and expanding surveillance to include skin and soft-tissue infection cases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jesper Larsen, Claire L. Raisen, Xiaoliang Ba, Nicholas J. Sadgrove, Guillermo F. Padilla-Gonzalez, Monique S. J. Simmonds, Igor Loncaric, Heidrun Kerschner, Petra Apfalter, Rainer Hartl, Ariane Deplano, Stien Vandendriessche, Barbora Cerna Bolfikova, Pavel Hulva, Maiken C. Arendrup, Rasmus K. Hare, Celine Barnadas, Marc Stegger, Raphael N. Sieber, Robert L. Skov, Andreas Petersen, Oystein Angen, Sophie L. Rasmussen, Carmen Espinosa-Gongora, Frank M. Aarestrup, Laura J. Lindholm, Suvi M. Nykasenoja, Frederic Laurent, Karsten Becker, Birgit Walther, Corinna Kehrenberg, Christiane Cuny, Franziska Layer, Guido Werner, Wolfgang Witte, Ivonne Stamm, Paolo Moroni, Hannah J. Jorgensen, Herminia de Lencastre, Emilia Cercenado, Fernando Garcia-Garrote, Stefan Borjesson, Sara Haeggman, Vincent Perreten, Christopher J. Teale, Andrew S. Waller, Bruno Pichon, Martin D. Curran, Matthew J. Ellington, John J. Welch, Sharon J. Peacock, David J. Seilly, Fiona J. E. Morgan, Julian Parkhill, Nazreen F. Hadjirin, Jodi A. Lindsay, Matthew T. G. Holden, Giles F. Edwards, Geoffrey Foster, Gavin K. Paterson, Xavier Didelot, Mark A. Holmes, Ewan M. Harrison, Anders R. Larsen
Summary: This study reveals that methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains were present in European hedgehogs before the discovery of antibiotics and have spread among hedgehog populations and between hedgehogs and secondary hosts. The study also shows that the hedgehog dermatophyte Trichophyton erinacei produces two beta-lactam antibiotics that give an advantage to MRSA strains. These findings emphasize the importance of understanding and managing antibiotic resistance in both wild animals and different ecosystems.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marta Reyman, Marlies A. van Houten, Rebecca L. Watson, Mei Ling J. N. Chu, Kayleigh Arp, Wouter J. de Waal, Irene Schiering, Frans B. Plotz, Rob J. L. Willems, Willem van Schaik, Elisabeth A. M. Sanders, Debby Bogaert
Summary: In a randomized trial of 147 infants receiving distinct antibiotic regimens for early-onset neonatal sepsis, Reyman et al. characterize the gut microbiome and resistance profiles, finding differential effects of antibiotic combinations on microbial community composition and antimicrobial resistance genes.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Paul B. Stege, Joost Hordijk, Sudarshan A. Shetty, Michael Visser, Marco C. Viveen, Malbert R. C. Rogers, Esther Gijsbers, Cindy M. Dierikx, Rozemarijn Q. J. van der Plaats, Engeline van Duijkeren, Eelco Franz, Rob J. L. Willems, Susana Fuentes, Fernanda L. Paganelli
Summary: This study assessed whether long-term dietary habits in the Netherlands impact the human gut resistome. The results showed that different diet groups had similar numbers of antibiotic resistance genes, but vegans had a distinct microbiome composition compared to other diet groups.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Sebastiaan J. van Hal, Rob J. L. Willems, Theodore Gouliouris, Susan A. Ballard, Teresa M. Coque, Anette M. Hammerum, Kristin Hegstad, Mette Pinholt, Benjamin P. Howden, Surbhi Malhotra-Kumar, Guido Werner, Katsunori Yanagihara, Ashlee M. Earl, Katherine E. Raven, Jukka Corander, Rory Bowden
Summary: The study collected 1095 hospital E faecium sequences from 34 countries, augmented by 33 published sequences. It showed that A1 likely emerged as a clone from A2, and that A2 represents a genetic continuum between A1 and community E faecium. The study also found that A2 and B isolates entering the hospital are important reservoirs for ongoing A1 adaptation.
Article
Microbiology
Quentin J. Leclerc, Jacob Wildfire, Arya Gupta, Jodi A. Lindsay, Gwenan M. Knight
Summary: Research has shown that bacteriophages can lead to the evolution of multidrug-resistant bacteria through transduction in a short period of 8 hours, with the transmission of resistance genes occurring early. Mathematical models demonstrate that the dynamic interactions between phages and bacteria are crucial for the evolution of resistant strains.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Quentin J. Leclerc, Jodi A. Lindsay, Gwenan M. Knight
Summary: Depending on timing and concentration, phage and antibiotics can either work together to kill bacteria faster, or phage can generate multidrug-resistant bacteria by transduction which are then selected for by antibiotics.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Correction
Microbiology
Quentin J. Leclerc, Jacob Wildfire, Arya Gupta, Jodi A. Lindsay, Gwenan M. Knight
Article
Infectious Diseases
Valerie O. Baede, Arya Gupta, Gwenan M. Knight, Leo M. Schouls, Ken Laing, Mehri Tavakol, Anais Barray, Sake J. de Vlas, Anneke S. de Vos, Antoni P. A. Hendrickx, Madeeha Khan, Mirjam E. Kretzschmar, Willem J. B. van Wamel, Gerard Lina, Francois Vandenesch, Margreet C. Vos, Adam A. Witney, Jean-Philippe Rasigade, Jodi A. Lindsay
Summary: The MACOTRA consortium aimed to identify bacterial markers of epidemic success of MRSA isolates in Europe using a representative MRSA collection originating from France, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. The results showed that MRSA antibiotic resistance profiles and antibiotic usage were associated with the incidence of infection and successful clonal spread, but there were variations among countries.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
J. B. Readman, M. Acman, A. Hamawandi, Cheng-Hsun Chiu, M. Sharland, J. A. Lindsay, J. F. Standing
Summary: In neonatal ICUs, ubiquitous infection with ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae is a major concern due to increasing antibiotic resistance. Distinguishing between bacterial and viral sepsis often leads to empirical antibiotics being used, contributing to resistance. Through testing, it was found that combining cefotaxime or ampicillin with sulbactam and gentamicin effectively inhibits the growth of ESBL-producing isolates and clears the infection. This combination showed consistent bactericidal activity at clinically achievable concentrations.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Quentin Leclerc, Alastair Clements, Helen Dunn, James Hatcher, Jodi A. Lindsay, Louis Grandjean, Gwenan M. Knight
Summary: This study examined the antimicrobial resistance dynamics of Staphylococcus aureus in a UK pediatric hospital. It found that the changes in resistance were mainly driven by within-host evolution and between-host transmission. The study also highlighted the value of routine surveillance data in understanding antimicrobial resistance dynamics at both the individual and hospital levels.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Chrispin Chaguza, Anna K. Poentinen, Janetta Top, Sergio Arredondo-Alonso, Ana R. Freitas, Carla Novais, Carmen Torres, Stephen D. Bentley, Luisa Peixe, Teresa M. Coque, Rob J. L. Willems, Jukka Corander
Summary: This study used a genome-wide association analysis to investigate the genetic changes in Enterococcus faecalis isolates and their association with hospitalization status and body isolation source. The results showed that infection by hospitalization status and extraintestinal infection are heritable traits, but no clear individual genetic changes were found to be associated with hospitalization status or body isolation source. The study also identified a genomic region potentially linked to infection.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Janetta Top, Tess D. Verschuuren, Marco C. Viveen, M. Eugenia Riccio, Stephan Harbarth, Jan A. J. W. Kluytmans, Rob J. L. Willems, Fernanda L. Paganelli
Summary: This study investigated the gut microbiome dynamics of patients colonized with ESBL-Ec or ESBL-Kp and their household contacts. The results showed that the microbiome composition of index patients was different from that of household contacts, but in some patients, the microbiome gradually recovered to a healthier state. The microbiome composition of household contacts remained stable over time, regardless of colonization with ESBL positive bacteria.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Ana P. Pereira, Patricia Antunes, Paula Bierge, Rob J. L. Willems, Jukka Corander, Teresa M. Coque, Oscar Q. Pich, Luisa Peixe, Ana R. Freitas, Carla Novais
Summary: Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) are widely used in various settings, while Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium are recognized as nosocomial pathogens. This study evaluated the susceptibility of Enterococcus to QACs and found that they rarely carry related tolerance genes, but their susceptibility can decrease under specific environmental conditions.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
