Article
Neurosciences
Nitzan Geva, Daniel Deitch, Alon Rubin, Yaniv Ziv
Summary: Hippocampal activity is critical for spatial memory, but the coding of hippocampal neurons gradually changes over time, a phenomenon known as representational drift. The passage of time and the amount of experience are two factors that affect memory, but their specific influence on hippocampal representational drift is still unclear.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Allen W. Lynch, Christina Theodoris, Henry Long, Myles Brown, X. Shirley Liu, Clifford A. Meyer
Summary: MIRA is a comprehensive methodology that compares gene expression and chromatin accessibility in single cells to infer regulatory mechanisms driving cell fate transitions. It models cell states and regulatory potential of gene loci to represent cell states in an efficient and interpretable latent space, and reveals the variable influence of local accessibility on transcription at different gene loci.
Article
Neurosciences
Sebi V. Rolotti, Mohsin S. Ahmed, Miklos Szoboszlay, Tristan Geiller, Adrian Negrean, Heike Blockus, Kevin C. Gonzalez, Fraser T. Sparks, Ana Sofia Solis Canales, Anna L. Tuttman, Darcy S. Peterka, Boris V. Zemelman, Franck Polleux, Attila Losonczy
Summary: Hippocampal place cells play a crucial role in spatial navigation and memory, and CA1 pyramidal neurons can rapidly form new place fields within a single trial. However, the rapid recruitment of individual neurons into ensemble representations is likely constrained by local feedback circuits. The interaction between circuit dynamics and rapid feature coding remains unexplored.
Article
Neurosciences
Sam McKenzie, Roman Huszar, Daniel F. English, Kanghwan Kim, Fletcher Christensen, Euisik Yoon, Gyorgy Buzsaki
Summary: The study focuses on how incorporating synthetic hippocampal signals is constrained by preexisting circuit dynamics through optogenetic stimulation of CA1 neurons in mice. Stimulation induced persistent place field remapping and reflected circuit modification through altered spike transmission. The findings suggest that plasticity in recurrent/lateral inhibition may drive learning by rapidly associating existing states.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jake Ormond, John O'Keefe
Summary: The hippocampus plays a crucial role in supporting flexible navigation by encoding location information in a vector-based model, allowing animals to select optimal paths to reach their goals.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Chunli Li, Haipeng Wang, Min Wang, Chunyun Chen, Fei Bai, Mengqi Ban, Chunfu Wu
Summary: The study demonstrated that oxytocin can prevent the damage to rat hippocampal neurons induced by methamphetamine, including protection of mitochondrial membrane potential, reduction of oxidative stress, and inhibition of neuron apoptosis.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiang Cheng, Wen Li, Rongzhen Zhao, Haoming Li, Jianbing Qin, Meiling Tian, Xinhua Zhang, Guohua Jin
Summary: Differentially expressed exosomes and their related miRNAs in the denervated hippocampal niche can promote differentiation of NSCs into neurons.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Donovan M. Ashby, Stan B. Floresco, Anthony G. Phillips, Alexander McGirr, Jeremy K. Seamans, Yu Tian Wang
Summary: Hippocampal LTD plays a critical role in the acute formation and maintenance of place fields, regulating the dynamics and stability of novel spatial information in adult rats.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Mary Kate P. Joyce, Jingyi Wang, Helen Barbas
Summary: The study revealed that the neural pathways between the hippocampus and A25 and the amygdala are still largely unknown. Using neural tracers, it was found that both the hippocampus and A25 have unique and overlapping connections with the amygdala. The hippocampus mainly connects with the basolateral nucleus, which is associated with plasticity, while A25 mainly connects with intercalated masses, which are inhibitory neurons that regulate amygdalar autonomic output. Furthermore, both the hippocampus and A25 pathways preferentially formed synapses with specific inhibitory neurons in the amygdala, suggesting their involvement in the regulation of cognitive and emotional processes.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wei Yang, Mattia Chini, Jastyn A. Poepplau, Andrey Formozov, Alexander Dieter, Patrick Piechocinski, Cynthia Rais, Fabio Morellini, Olaf Sporns, Ileana L. Hanganu-Opatz, J. Simon Wiegert
Summary: Different types of general anesthetics have distinct effects on hippocampal network dynamics and synaptic connectivity, leading to impaired memory consolidation. This has implications for evaluating general anesthesia strategies in both animal research and clinical settings.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Paul J. Lamothe-Molina, Andreas Franzelin, Lennart Beck, Dong Li, Lea Auksutat, Tim Fieblinger, Laura Laprell, Joachim Alhbeck, Christine E. Gee, Matthias Kneussel, Andreas K. Engel, Claus C. Hilgetag, Fabio Morellini, Thomas G. Oertner
Summary: Research shows that cFos expression patterns in the mouse dentate gyrus change dramatically from day to day, suggesting that this clock-like selection mechanism may aid in encoding episodic memories.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Steven Poulter, Sang Ah Lee, James Dachtler, Thomas J. Wills, Colin Lever
Summary: The study introduces a new type of neuron, called vector trace cells (VTCs), which generate a new vector field when encountering cues and retain a 'trace' version of that field for hours after the cues are removed. VTCs are concentrated in the subiculum of the hippocampus and support vector coding for objects and boundaries that are no longer present, potentially aiding navigation to remembered goals.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Stephen B. McHugh, Vitor Lopes-dos-Santos, Giuseppe P. Gava, Katja Hartwich, Shu K. E. Tam, David M. Bannerman, David Dupret
Summary: The study reveals the crucial role of adult-born granule cells (abDGCs) in controlling the information processing in the hippocampus by promoting sparser population firing and enhancing responses to novel stimuli.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Samuel L. L. Goldsmith, Stuart J. J. Newfeld
Summary: This study investigated the regulatory mechanisms of dSmad2 on dILP2 and dILP5 in Drosophila insulin producing cells (IPCs) and circadian pacemaker cells (CPCs). The results showed that dSmad2 regulates dILP2 and dILP5 through different mechanisms in IPCs and CPCs. Furthermore, dSmad2 has no significant effect on insulin-like peptides in unmated adult females, independent of dCORL and upd2.
Article
Neurosciences
Barna Dudok, Miklos Szoboszlay, Anirban Paul, Peter M. Klein, Zhenrui Liao, Ernie Hwaun, Gergely G. Szabo, Tristan Geiller, Bert Vancura, Bor-Shuen Wang, Sam McKenzie, Jesslyn Homidan, Lianne M. F. Klaver, Daniel F. English, Z. Josh Huang, Gyorgy Buzsaki, Attila Losonczy, Ivan Soltesz
Summary: The research discovered that the axon initial segment of hippocampal pyramidal cells is under GABAergic control by chandelieror axo-axonic cells (AACs). It was found that AACs in mice are synchronously activated during episodes of locomotion or whisking, and intervention experiments showed that AACs inhibit CA1 pyramidal cells.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sarah H. Needs, Martin D. Bootman, Jeff E. Grotzke, Holger B. Kramer, Sarah A. Allman
Summary: The polycaspase inhibitor Z-VAD-fmk serves as an inhibitor of peptide: N-glycanase (NGLY1), and its inhibition or knockdown induces upregulation of autophagy without affecting autophagic flux, suggesting a cellular adaptation to NGLY1 inhibition. In contrast, treatment with the pan-caspase inhibitor Q-VD-OPh does not induce cellular autophagy.
Article
Cell Biology
Emma L. Robinson, Faye M. Drawnel, Saher Mehdi, Caroline R. Archer, Wei Liu, Hanneke Okkenhaug, Kanar Alkass, Jan Magnus Aronsen, Chandan K. Nagaraju, Ivar Sjaastad, Karin R. Sipido, Olaf Bergmann, J. Simon C. Arthur, Xin Wang, H. Llewelyn Roderick
Summary: This study demonstrates the importance of MAPK pathways in regulating gene expression during cardiac hypertrophy and provides mechanistic insights into the coupling of MAPK stimulation and IEG induction through MSK-mediated phosphorylation of histone H3, which recruits Brg1 to initiate gene expression.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrew R. Lavik, Karen S. McColl, Fernanda O. Lemos, Martijn Kerkhofs, Fei Zhong, Michael Harr, Daniela Schlatzer, Kozo Hamada, Katsuhiko Mikoshiba, Francesco Crea, Geert Bultynck, Martin D. Bootman, Jan B. Parys, Clark W. Distelhorst
Summary: PKM2 is a highly expressed enzyme in embryonic tissues and cancer cells, playing a role in supporting anabolic processes during tumour formation. This study identifies PKM2 as an inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R)-interacting protein that inhibits intracellular Ca2+ signalling. The interaction occurs at a highly conserved amino acid site and can be disrupted by synthetic peptides. These findings suggest that PKM2 has a novel non-canonical role in regulating intracellular signalling.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH
(2022)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Nicolas Rosa, H. Llewelyn Roderick, Geert Bultynck
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Xin Jin, Matthew Amoni, Guillaume Gilbert, Eef Dries, Rosa Donate Puertas, Ashutosh Tomar, Chandan K. Nagaraju, Ankit Pradhan, David I. Yule, Tobie Martens, Roxane Menten, Pieter Vanden Berghe, Filip Rega, Karin Sipido, H. Llewelyn Roderick
Summary: The interaction between InsP(3)R and RyR in heart failure plays a central role in inducing arrhythmias, providing potential therapeutic targets.
BASIC RESEARCH IN CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Tim Vervliet, Robin Duelen, Ankit Pradhan, Rita La Rovere, H. Llewelyn Roderick, Maurilio Sampaolesi
Summary: Bcl-2 plays a crucial role in the differentiation of cardiomyocytes, and its loss delays the induction of pluripotent stem cells into cardiomyocytes, leading to reduced expression and activity of the cardiomyocyte Ca2+ toolkit, as well as decreased c-Myc expression and nuclear localization in the early phase of cardiac differentiation.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Samaneh Ekhteraeitousi, Matthew Amoni, Dylan Vermoortele, Rosa Donate Puertas, Mohamad Youness, Sebastian Ingelaere, Rik Willems, Piet Claus, Chandan K. Nagaraju, Bernard Thienpont, Karin Sipido, H. Llewelyn Roderick
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mohamad Youness, Samaneh Ekhteraeitousi, Rosa Donate Puertas, Chandan K. Nagaraju, Bernard Thienpont, Filip Rega, H. Llewelyn Roderick, Karin Sipido
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Joshua Chung, Agne Tilunaite, David Ladd, Hilary Hunt, Christian Soeller, Edmund J. Crampin, Stuart T. Johnston, H. Llewelyn Roderick, Vijay Rajagopal
Summary: Calcium plays a critical role in the excitation-contraction coupling process of cardiomyocytes. In addition to ryanodine receptors (RyRs), inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptors (IP3Rs) also contribute to calcium release and modulate excitation-contraction coupling. The localization of IP3Rs at dyads influences the occurrence of elementary calcium release events (Ca2+ sparks) and their modulatory effects on excitation-contraction coupling. A mathematical model incorporating the behavior of IP3Rs and RyRs suggests that IP3Rs elevate calcium levels in dyads, leading to increased Ca2+ spark formation. However, dyadic IP3R activity reduces calcium availability in the sarcoplasmic reticulum, resulting in Ca2+ sparks with lower amplitudes.
MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Bjorn Cools, Chandan Kadur Nagaraju, Katrien Vandendriessche, Joeri van Puyvelde, Mohamad Youness, Llewelyn Roderick, Marc Gewillig, Karin Sipido, Piet Claus, Filip Rega
Summary: In a sheep model with pathophysiologic changes similar to repaired TOF patients, severe pulmonary regurgitation (PR) leads to fibrotic changes in the right ventricle (RV). Pulmonary valve replacement reverses these fibrotic changes. Early valve replacement results in quick RV recovery, and timing of the surgery does not affect the outcome. The fibrotic changes correlate well with the circulating biomarker PICP, which can be useful in clinical follow-up.
JACC-BASIC TO TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Matthew Amoni, Dylan Vermoortele, Samaneh Ekhteraei-Tousi, Rosa Donate Puertas, Guillaume Gilbert, Mohamad Youness, Bernard Thienpont, Rik Willems, H. Llewelyn Roderick, Piet Claus, Karin R. Sipido
Summary: After myocardial infarction, the infarct border zone (BZ) exhibits heterogeneous repolarization abnormalities, which are related to cardiomyocyte remodeling. In vivo and cellular studies show that the BZ has longer activation-recovery intervals and increased heterogeneity, which is associated with arrhythmia vulnerability. Differentially expressed genes in BZ cardiomyocytes, including hypertrophy-related and ion channel-related genes, exhibit high cell-cell variability of expression.
CIRCULATION-ARRHYTHMIA AND ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Xin Jin, Anna Meletiou, Joshua Chung, Agne Tilunaite, Kateryna Demydenko, Eef Dries, Rosa Donate Puertas, Matthew Amoni, Ashutosh Tomar, Guillaume Gilbert, Piet Claus, Christian Soeller, Vijay Rajagopal, Karin Sipido, H. Llewelyn Roderick
Summary: Efficient Ca2+ coupling between sarcolemmal Ca2+ channels and sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) ryanodine receptor Ca2+ channels (RyR) is necessary for Ca2+ transients (CaT) and cardiomyocyte (CM) contraction. In addition to RyRs, Ca2+ can also be released via inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (InsP3R) in CM. InsP3R-RyR crosstalk plays a role in altered Ca2+ dynamics and arrhythmogenic Ca2+ release in disease. This mechanism is demonstrated in a porcine model of ischemic heart disease (IHD), highlighting the importance of InsP3R-RyR channel crosstalk in Ca2+ release and post-MI remodelling-induced arrhythmia.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Roberto Silvestri, Vanessa Nicoli, Priyadarsini Gangadharannambiar, Francesco Crea, Martin D. Bootman
Summary: This article provides an overview of the role of calcium in driving prostate cancer and discusses current therapies targeting calcium signalling to treat this malignancy.
NATURE REVIEWS UROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Fernanda O. Lemos, Ian de Ridder, Martin D. Bootman, Geert Bultynck, Jan B. Parys
Summary: PKM2 regulates calcium handling in the cytosol and mitochondria separately, while TAT-D5SD induces apoptosis by disrupting the PKM2:IP3R interaction.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Luc Leybaert, Maarten A. J. De Smet, Alessio Lissoni, Rosalie Allewaert, H. Llewelyn Roderick, Geert Bultynck, Mario Delmar, Karin R. Sipido, Katja Witschas
Summary: This paragraph mainly discusses the role of connexins in cardiac function. Connexins form hemichannels and gap junctions, and gap junctions are responsible for transmitting electrical and chemical signals between myocardial cells and specialized conduction system cells to synchronize the cardiac cycle and control cardiac pump function. Under pathological conditions, gap junctions close and hemichannels open, leading to disruption of cardiac function and homeostasis. Current evidence shows that hemichannels play an emerging role in myocardial ischemia and arrhythmia, and there are now tools available to selectively inhibit hemichannels without inhibiting gap junctions, as well as to stimulate the incorporation of hemichannels into gap junctions. We review experimental evidence for the contribution of hemichannels to pro-arrhythmic events in ventricular and atrial cardiomyocytes, and link these findings to the molecular control of connexin-43-based hemichannel opening. We conclude that a double-edged approach of both preventing hemichannel opening and preserving gap junctional function will be crucial for further research and development of new connexin-based experimental approaches for treating heart disease.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)