Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhipan Yang, Mingxin Liu, Shunhua Ding, Yi Zhang, Huixia Yang, Xiaogang Wen, Wei Chi, Congming Lu, Qingtao Lu
Summary: Plastid-encoded RNA polymerase (PEP)-dependent transcription is crucial for chloroplast development and plant growth. PD1 has been identified as a novel regulator for PEP-dependent gene expression and chloroplast development in Arabidopsis. PD1 interacts with PEP core subunit beta and is essential for the accumulation of PEP-beta, impacting chloroplast development in Arabidopsis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Leah J. Kim, Kaitlyn M. Tsuyuki, Fengling Hu, Emily Y. Park, Jingwen Zhang, Jennifer G. Iraheta, Ju-Chen Chia, Rong Huang, Avery E. Tucker, Madeline Clyne, Claire Castellano, Angie Kim, Daniel D. Chung, Christopher T. DaVeiga, Elizabeth M. Parsons, Olena K. Vatamaniuk, Jeeyon Jeong
Summary: This study reveals the essential role of Arabidopsis ferroportin 3 (FPN3) in maintaining optimal iron homeostasis in mitochondria and chloroplasts. Lack of FPN3 leads to disrupted iron levels and abnormal ultrastructure in mitochondria, affecting plant growth under iron-deficient conditions.
Article
Biology
Kazusato Oikawa, Takuto Imai, Chonprakun Thagun, Kiminori Toyooka, Takeshi Yoshizumi, Kazuya Ishikawa, Yutaka Kodama, Keiji Numata
Summary: The researchers investigated the rate and trajectory of mitochondria in Arabidopsis thaliana mesophyll cells using confocal laser-scanning microscopy. They discovered that mitochondria migrate through wiggling during their association with chloroplasts, shedding light on the impact of mitochondria-chloroplast interaction on mitochondrial movement.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Malgorzata Gutkowska, Daniel Buszewicz, Marta Zajbt-Luczniewska, Mateusz Radkiewicz, Julita Nowakowska, Ewa Swiezewska, Liliana Surmacz
Summary: Brassinosteroids influence the biosynthesis pathway of C45-C55 polyprenols, affecting chloroplast development and photosynthetic performance in plants. Mutants with impaired brassinosteroid signaling accumulate lower levels of C45-C55 polyprenols, while treatment with epi-brassinolide increases their content. Transcription of MEP enzymes and genes encoding polyprenol biosynthesis enzymes is reduced in brassinosteroid perception mutants.
JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Brigitta Mueller
Summary: This article focuses on the importance of iron in photosynthesis, particularly the iron transport mechanisms in chloroplasts. By comparing the iron transport processes in the evolutionary ancestors of chloroplasts and in modern plants, the review summarizes the role of chloroplasts in cellular iron homeostasis and the evolutionary modifications of iron transporters and mechanisms.
JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Azahara Casatejada, Leonor Puerto-Galan, Juan M. Perez-Ruiz, Francisco J. Cejudo
Summary: Oxidizing signals mediated by thiol-dependent peroxidase activity play a crucial role in chloroplast redox balance, with both 2-Cys peroxiredoxins (PRXs) and glutathione peroxidases (GPXs) being involved. However, the specific contribution of GPXs in this process is not well understood. This study generated mutant plants devoid of GPXs to investigate their functional relationship with the NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase C (NTRC)-2-Cys PRXs redox system. The results indicate that GPXs contribute to chloroplast redox homeostasis independently of NTRC.
Article
Plant Sciences
Chuanling Li, Jian-Xiu Shang, Chenlei Qiu, Baowen Zhang, Jinxue Wang, Shuo Wang, Yu Sun
Summary: The study suggests that the EMB2726 protein plays a critical role in Arabidopsis embryogenesis by affecting chloroplast development, possibly through impacting the transcription process within plastids. The presence of undifferentiated proplastids in emb2726 embryos, along with reduced expression of certain genes, highlights the significance of this gene in embryonic development.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jonathan Ho, Warren Kwan, Vivian Li, Steven M. M. Theg
Summary: Chloroplasts are organelles found in plants and algae that have double membranes. They divide with the help of proteins forming rings in the center and constricting together. Chloroplasts have a third membrane system, thylakoids, which contain most of the proteins responsible for light-dependent reactions. The mechanism for separating thylakoid membrane structures during chloroplast division is still unknown. By studying different chloroplast division mutants in Arabidopsis, we found that thylakoids do not divide independently but require both inner and outer contractile rings of the chloroplast to form.
PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Sho Fujii, Koichi Kobayashi, Ying-Chen Lin, Yu-chi Liu, Yuki Nakamura, Hajime Wada
Summary: Phosphatidylglycerol is crucial for photosynthesis and plant growth. Loss of phosphatidylglycerol affects expression of photosynthesis and plastid genes in Arabidopsis. The absence of phosphatidylglycerol affects gene expression and plant growth through the modulation of reactive oxygen species-responsive genes and the transcription factor GLK1.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Patricia Henri, Dominique Rumeau
Summary: LCNP is a chloroplastic lipocalin induced in response to various abiotic stresses, while its protective mechanism is largely unknown. In this study, it was found that human APOD can partially compensate for the lack of LCNP in Arabidopsis thaliana under different abiotic stresses. This suggests a conserved function of APOD and LCNP in stressful conditions.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Hiroshi Yamamoto, Nozomi Sato, Toshiharu Shikanai
Summary: The chloroplast NADH dehydrogenase-like (NDH) complex plays a crucial role in the electron transport chain in plants. The assembly and stability of subcomplex A (SubA) is dependent on the biosynthesis of the NdhA protein. Knockout mutants of ndhA in tobacco plants revealed the essential role of NdhA in stabilizing specific subunits of the NDH complex.
PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qingqing Sun, Xueli Cao, Zihe Liu, Chuanjing An, Jinglei Hu, Yue Wang, Meiyu Qiao, Teng Gao, Wenzhen Cheng, Yi Zhang, Yue Feng, Hongbo Gao
Summary: Chloroplast division involves complex protein interactions, with PDV1 playing a crucial role in stabilizing PARC6. Under light conditions, reduction of a disulfide bond within PARC6 promotes its interaction with PDV1, ultimately leading to chloroplast division. Magnesium ions also enhance PARC6 dimerization, further contributing to the regulation of chloroplast division.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qingqing Sun, Xueli Cao, Zihe Liu, Chuanjing An, Jinglei Hu, Yue Wang, Meiyu Qiao, Teng Gao, Wenzhen Cheng, Yi Zhang, Yue Feng, Hongbo Gao
Summary: Chloroplast division requires the coordination of protein complexes from stroma to cytosol. The interaction between PDV1 and PARC6, crucial for chloroplast division, is regulated by intramolecular disulfide bond formation in PARC6, which can be reduced by light exposure. Additionally, magnesium ions, which increase in chloroplasts upon light exposure, promote PARC6 dimerization.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lihui Yang, Mingyue Zhu, Yi Yang, Ke Wang, Yulei Che, Shurui Yang, Jinxiang Wang, Xin Yu, Lixin Li, Shuang Wu, Klaus Palme, Xugang Li
Summary: In this study, the crucial role of CDC48B in regulating periclinal cell division in roots was revealed. Loss of function of CDC48B led to increased periclinal cell division, defective middle cortex formation, and altered ground tissue patterning in roots. The findings also showed that CDC48B plays a role in regulating the intercellular trafficking of SHR during periclinal cell division in roots.
JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Hui Zhang, Qihua Ling
Summary: This article introduces a significant cellular process, autophagy, which degrades unwanted or damaged macromolecules and organelles through the lysosome or vacuole for recycling. Selective autophagy was found to play a crucial role in regulating chloroplast protein import and enhancing stress tolerance in plants.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hirotaka Iwaki, Cornelis Blauwendraat, Hampton L. Leonard, Mary B. Makarious, Jonggeol J. Kim, Ganqiang Liu, Jodi Maple-Grodem, Jean-Christophe Corvol, Lasse Pihlstrom, Marlies van Nimwegen, Luba Smolensky, Ninad Amondikar, Samantha J. Hutten, Mark Frasier, Khanh-Dung H. Nguyen, Jacqueline Rick, Shirley Eberly, Faraz Faghri, Peggy Auinger, Kirsten M. Scott, Ruwani Wijeyekoon, Vivianna M. Van Deerlin, Dena G. Hernandez, Raphael J. Gibbs, Aaron G. Day-Williams, Alexis Brice, Guido Alves, Alastair J. Noyce, Ole-Bjorn Tysnes, Jonathan R. Evans, David P. Breen, Karol Estrada, Claire E. Wegel, Fabrice Danjou, David K. Simon, Ole A. Andreassen, Bernard Ravina, Mathias Toft, Peter Heutink, Bastiaan R. Bloem, Daniel Weintraub, Roger A. Barker, Caroline H. Williams-Gray, Bart P. van de Warrenburg, Jacobus J. Van Hilten, Clemens R. Scherzer, Andrew B. Singleton, Mike A. Nalls
Summary: This study examined sex associations to PD phenotypes cross-sectionally and longitudinally in large-scale data. Female PD patients were found to have a higher risk of developing dyskinesia early during the follow-up period, with slower progression in daily living difficulties, and a lower risk of developing cognitive impairments compared with male patients. The findings were consistent in both longitudinal, clinic-based cohorts and an online-only cohort.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jodi Maple-Grodem, Ingvild Dalen, Ole-Bjorn Tysnes, Angus D. Macleod, Lars Forsgren, Carl E. Counsell, Guido Alves
Summary: The study found that carriers of GBA gene variants show a faster progression of motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease over a 7-year period compared to non-carriers. Recruiting only GBA carriers in clinical trials can significantly reduce trial size and improve trial design.
Article
Plant Sciences
Marianne Nymark, Marthe Caroline Gronbech Hafskjold, Charlotte Volpe, Davi de Miranda Fonseca, Animesh Sharma, Eirini Tsirvouli, Manuel Serif, Per Winge, Giovanni Finazzi, Atle Magnar Bones
Summary: Loss of CpSRP54 in the diatom affects the accumulation of chloroplast-encoded subunits and photophysiological responses, but the phenotype is relatively mild due to the activation of mechanisms alleviating the loss of CpSRP54. This suggests that plants, green algae, and diatoms have evolved differences in the pathways for inserting proteins into thylakoid membranes during translation and post-translation.
Article
Cell Biology
Ishita Ahuja, Ralph Kissen, Linh Hoang, Bjornar Sporsheim, Kari K. Halle, Silje Aase Wolff, Samina Jam Nazeer Ahmad, Jam Nazeer Ahmad, Atle M. Bones
Summary: The glucosinolate-myrosinase system plays a crucial role in Arabidopsis guard cells affecting the stomata and ultrastructure of guard cells. Mutants lacking myrosinase exhibit distinct features in guard cells and stomata complexes, suggesting a novel link between the defence system and physical barriers in plants.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Ganqiang Liu, Jiajie Peng, Zhixiang Liao, Joseph J. Locascio, Jean-Christophe Corvol, Frank Zhu, Xianjun Dong, Jodi Maple-Grodem, Meghan C. Campbell, Alexis Elbaz, Suzanne Lesage, Alexis Brice, Graziella Mangone, John H. Growdon, Albert Y. Hung, Michael A. Schwarzschild, Michael T. Hayes, Anne-Marie Wills, Todd M. Herrington, Bernard Ravina, Ira Shoulson, Pille Taba, Sulev Koks, Thomas G. Beach, Florence Cormier-Dequaire, Guido Alves, Ole-Bjorn Tysnes, Joel S. Perlmutter, Peter Heutink, Sami S. Amr, Jacobus J. van Hilten, Meike Kasten, Brit Mollenhauer, Claudia Trenkwalder, Christine Klein, Roger A. Barker, Caroline H. Williams-Gray, Johan Marinus, Clemens R. Scherzer
Summary: A genome-wide survival study identified variants at RIMS2 associated with progression of Parkinson's disease to dementia and highlights divergence in the genetic architecture of disease onset and progression.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Amit K. Sharma, Marianne Nymark, Snorre Flo, Torfinn Sparstad, Atle M. Bones, Per Winge
Summary: The CRISPR/Cas9 system allows for simultaneous editing of multiple homologous genes by inducing indels, with potential applications in various organisms for genetic research. By utilizing a variant of Cas9 with increased specificity, off-target editing events can be significantly reduced.
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hanne-Line Rabben, Yosuke Kodama, Masahiko Nakamura, Atle Magnar Bones, Timothy Cragin Wang, Duan Chen, Chun-Mei Zhao, Anders Overby
Summary: Natural isothiocyanates from edible vegetables have shown potential as chemopreventive agents against various types of cancer. This study focused on studying the potential of isothiocyanates in chemoprevention and enhancing the efficacy of cytotoxic drugs in gastric cancer treatment. The results demonstrated that PEITC exhibited anti-cancer effects, particularly when administered before tumor initiation, suggesting a chemopreventive role in gastric cancer, and that pretreatment with PEITC enhanced the anti-cancer effects of cisplatin possibly by reducing glutathione levels, indicating a potential combination strategy for chemotherapy.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Jodi Maple-Grodem, Kimberly C. Paul, Ingvild Dalen, Kathie J. Ngo, Darice Wong, Angus D. Macleod, Carl E. Counsell, David Backstrom, Lars Forsgren, Ole-Bjorn Tysnes, Cynthia D. J. Kusters, Brent L. Fogel, Jeff M. Bronstein, Beate Ritz, Guido Alves
Summary: This study found no association between GBA carrier status and the risk of developing motor complications in Parkinson's disease patients. It is important to publish studies with null results to accurately summarize the clinical features of GBA-associated PD.
JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
M. Camacho, A. D. Macleod, J. Maple-Grodem, J. R. Evans, D. P. Breen, G. Cummins, R. S. Wijeyekoon, J. C. Greenland, G. Alves, O. B. Tysnes, R. A. Lawson, R. A. Barker, C. H. Williams-Gray
Summary: Constipation severity in early Parkinson's disease is significantly associated with progression to dementia, indicating that constipation may predict accelerated neurodegenerative pathology.
NPJ PARKINSONS DISEASE
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Camilla Christina Pedersen, Johannes Lange, Marthe Gurine Gunnarsdatter Forland, Angus D. Macleod, Guido Alves, Jodi Maple-Grodem
Summary: There is significant heterogeneity in the clinical presentation and disease progression of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Although genetic variants in the SNCA gene region may have some impact on clinical outcomes in PD, they may not be a major factor contributing to the clinical heterogeneity observed in PD.
NPJ PARKINSONS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Aleksander H. Erga, Jodi Maple-Grodem, Guido Alves
Summary: This study investigates the frequency of use, attitudes towards, and experiences with cannabis and cannabis-related products among people with Parkinson's disease (PwP) living in Norway. The results show that 5% of PwP reported previous or current use of cannabis, and non-users show a widespread interest in cannabis.
ACTA NEUROLOGICA SCANDINAVICA
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Aleksandra A. Szwedo, Ingvild Dalen, Kenn Freddy Pedersen, Marta Camacho, David Backstrom, Lars Forsgren, Charalampos Tzoulis, Sophie Winder-Rhodes, Gavin Hudson, Ganqiang Liu, Clemens R. Scherzer, Rachael A. Lawson, Alison J. Yarnall, Caroline H. Williams-Gray, Angus D. Macleod, Carl E. Counsell, Ole-Bjorn Tysnes, Guido Alves, Jodi Maple-Grodem
Summary: This study conducted a pooled analysis of six cohorts of newly diagnosed PD patients and found that APOE-ε4 and GBA mutations are closely associated with cognitive decline and risk of dementia in PD. The risk is even higher in patients carrying both genetic variants. However, no significant effects were observed for MAPT and SNCA rs356219 in PD cognitive decline.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Janete Chung, Anastasia Ushakova, Maria Doitsidou, Charalampos Tzoulis, Ole-Bjorn Tysnes, Ingvild Dalen, Kenn Freddy Pedersen, Guido Alves, Jodi Maple-Grodem
Summary: This study involving 171 Parkinson's disease patients found that the COMT Val(158)Met gene was significantly associated with decline in executive function, verbal learning and memory, and visuospatial skills. However, the APOE-epsilon 4 status was shown to predict an increased risk of mild cognitive impairment and dementia within the study period, highlighting the importance of genetic factors in cognitive outcomes of Parkinson's disease.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Prashanna Guragain, Anna Solvang Batnes, John Zobolas, Yngvar Olsen, Atle M. Bones, Per Winge
Summary: The aquaculture industry has been combating salmon lice issues in salmonid farming by optimizing treatment effectiveness and studying genetic differences between subpopulations. Through IIb-RAD sequencing and a random forest classification algorithm, important markers for sex differentiation and regional genetic structure of Norwegian salmon lice were identified.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Farid Shekari, Fariborz Shekari, Javad Najafi, Amin Abassi, Zahra Radmanesh, Atle Magnar Bones
Summary: This study found that extracts from Nepeta meyeri can inhibit the germination and seedling growth of Cuscuta campestris. The flower and leaf extracts showed the strongest inhibitory effects and may be recommended as potent bio-control agents for controlling Dodder.