Journal
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
Volume 21, Issue 12, Pages 3711-3719Publisher
BAISHIDENG PUBLISHING GROUP INC
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i12.3711
Keywords
Dietary cholesterol; Serum total cholesterol; Pancreatic cancer; Risk; Meta-analysis
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AIM: To evaluate the effect of dietary cholesterol and serum total cholesterol (TC) on the risk of pancreatic cancer. METHODS: A literature search was performed up to June 2014 in PubMed, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and China Biology Medical literature database for relevant articles published in English or Chinese. Pooled relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with a random-effects model. RESULTS: We included 14 published articles with 439355 participants for dietary cholesterol, and 6 published articles with 1805697 participants for serum TC. For the highest vs lowest category of dietary cholesterol, the pooled RR (95% CI) of pancreatic cancer was 1.308 (1.097-1.559). After excluding two studies (RR > 3.0), the pooled RR (95% CI) was 1.204 (1.050-1.380). In subgroup analysis stratified by study design, the pooled RRs (95% CIs) were 1.523 (1.226-1.893) for case-control studies and 1.023 (0.871-1.200) for cohort studies. The association of dietary cholesterol with the risk of pancreatic cancer was significant for studies conducted in North America [1.275 (1.058-1.537)] and others [2.495 (1.565-3.977)], but not in Europe [1.149 (0.863-1.531)]. No significant association [1.003 (0.859-1.171)] was found between the risk of pancreatic cancer and serum TC. CONCLUSION: Dietary cholesterol may be associated with an increased risk of pancreatic cancer in worldwide populations, except for Europeans. The results need to be confirmed further.
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