Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adalberto Merighi, Laura Lossi
Summary: In addition to protein processing, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) also plays roles in lipid synthesis, molecular transfers, and Ca2+ homeostasis. Proper protein folding and modification in the ER require molecular chaperones and a favorable environment. Disruption in ER conditions or chaperone capacity can lead to the unfolded protein response (UPR), triggering autophagy and potentially causing cell death.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Ruiyuan Xu, Jianlu Song, Rexiati Ruze, Yuan Chen, Xinpeng Yin, Chengcheng Wang, Yupei Zhao
Summary: This study reveals squalene epoxidase (SQLE) as a novel oncogene that promotes pancreatic cancer (PC) growth by mitigating endoplasmic reticulum stress and activating lipid raft-regulated Src/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. SQLE facilitates cell proliferation, induces cell cycle progression, and inhibits apoptosis in vitro, while promoting tumor growth in vivo. SQLE inhibitors effectively suppress PC cell proliferation and xenograft tumor growth, highlighting the potential of SQLE as a therapeutic target for PC.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuanyuan Zhou, Fenggui Fan, Yongfeng Han, Dongping Lu
Summary: The endoplasmic reticulum is equipped with protein disulfide isomerases, molecular chaperons, and other folding enzymes to ensure proper folding of newly synthesized proteins. Arabidopsis thaliana PDI11 interacts with ER resident lectin chaperones CRT1 and CRT2, with the D domain providing binding sites for this interaction. This implies that Arabidopsis CRT1/2 may specifically recruit AtPDI11 to assist in glycoprotein folding in the ER.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Stephanie M. Cicalese, Josiane Fernandes da Silva, Fernanda Priviero, R. Clinton Webb, Satoru Eguchi, Rita C. Tostes
Summary: Cells respond to stress by activating defense signaling pathways for survival or cell death. Arterial hypertension and aging share mechanisms that mediate chronic cell stress, potentially leading to unresolved pathologies.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Mingjing Wang, Hailong Zhang, Xiaonan Zhao, Jingwen Zhou, Guochen Qin, Yuqi Liu, Xiaoyue Kou, Zhenjie Zhao, Tao Wu, Jian-Kang Zhu, Xianzhong Feng, Lixin Li
Summary: The gene AtSYP81 in Arabidopsis thaliana plays a critical role in root growth and development by regulating peroxisome- and peroxidase-mediated ROS homeostasis. Knockdown of AtSYP81 resulted in reduced root meristem activity and disruption of root stem cell niche identity. Transcriptome analysis revealed changed expression of class III peroxidases, adding evidence of the regulatory role of AtSYP81 in ROS signaling.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuping Zhao, Hyeong Seok Kim, Xiang Zou, Ling Huang, Xing Liang, Zihong Li, Jong Seung Kim, Weiying Lin
Summary: This study proposed a new strategy to investigate the interaction regulatory mechanisms between endoplasmic reticulum and autophagosomes by developing dual fluorescence lifetime probes localized to these two organelles. The research revealed that motile autophagosomes at the tips of endoplasmic reticulum drive the growth and sliding of ER tubules, ER reticulate tubules form a three-way junction centered on autophagosomes, and ER autophagy serves as a cell damage index during drug-induced apoptosis.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Bevin C. C. English, Hannah P. P. Savage, Scott P. P. Mahan, Vladimir E. E. Diaz-Ochoa, Briana M. M. Young, Basel H. H. Abuaita, Gautam Sule, Jason S. S. Knight, Mary X. X. O'Riordan, Andreas J. J. Baeumler, Renee M. Tsolis
Summary: IRE1 alpha and its downstream transcription factor XBP1 enhance glycolysis in macrophages in response to bacterial infection. Different inflammatory stimuli activate IRE1 alpha through distinct mechanisms, and the activation of this pathway is not sufficient to increase glycolysis in macrophages. This study provides new insights into the regulation of macrophage metabolism and the role of IRE1 alpha and XBP1 in innate immunity.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Patricia Franzka, Svenja Caren Schueler, Takfarinas Kentache, Robert Storm, Andrea Bock, Istvan Katona, Joachim Weis, Katrin Buder, Christoph Kaether, Christian A. Hubner
Summary: Proteins of the secretory pathway undergo glycosylation in the ER and Golgi apparatus. Mutations in GMPPA can cause AAMR syndrome with various symptoms. Loss of GMPPA leads to Golgi fragmentation, altered protein abundance, reduced furin activity, and increased retention of alpha-DG.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ting Gong, Ann C. Hashimoto, Alexandru R. Sasuclark, Vedbar S. Khadka, Alexandra Gurary, Matthew W. Pitts
Summary: SELENOM is a positive regulator of leptin signaling and thioredoxin antioxidant activity in the hypothalamus. Deficiency of SELENOM impairs downstream STAT3 phosphorylation and cytosolic calcium responses evoked by leptin treatment.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yutong Liu, Yunshu Bai, Ning Li, Mengting Li, Wenxin Liu, Dae-Jin Yun, Bao Liu, Zheng-Yi Xu
Summary: This study reveals that the glucose sensor HXK1 interacts with Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 subunits SWN and CLF to regulate glucose signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana. They target glucose-responsive genes and function in the same genetic pathway. HXK1 is also involved in histone modification and gene repression, and CLF and SWN affect the recruitment of HXK1 to chromatin.
JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Mohammad A. Ghane, Wei Wei, Dina W. Yakout, Zachary D. Allen, Cassandra L. Miller, Bin Dong, Jenny J. Yang, Ning Fang, Angela M. Mabb
Summary: The study found that disrupting Arc protein ubiquitination enhances DHPG-induced ER-mediated Ca2+ release. This alteration is observed in all neuronal subregions except secondary branchpoints. Disruptions in Arc ubiquitination increase Arc interaction with the integral ER protein Calnexin.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jiacheng Wu, Shan Qiao, Yien Xiang, Menying Cui, Xiaoxiao Yao, Ruixin Lin, Xuewen Zhang
Summary: Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a critical role in the occurrence and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), driving tumorigenesis and progression of tumors. Targeting the ER stress signaling pathway and related molecules may have a key role in anti-HCC strategies.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Cailing Wen, Yuheng Zhou, Yanting Xu, Huijing Tan, Caixia Pang, Haiqian Liu, Kaifei Liu, Linlin Wei, Hui Luo, Tian Qin, Chonghua He, Cuiling Liu, Chun Zhou
Summary: The lack of GBF1 affects osteoclast differentiation, leading to cell swelling and reduced formation; GBF1 inhibition can intensify cellular stress and excessive autophagy, ultimately leading to cell apoptosis.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuya Tan, Yueqi Sha, Liwei Sun, Zhonghai Li
Summary: Leaf senescence is a natural process in plants that occurs during aging and is influenced by internal and external factors. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of leaf senescence in response to abiotic stresses is crucial for improving crop resilience and productivity. Research progress has been made in identifying key genes and transcription factors involved, but challenges remain in exploring the regulatory network and developing effective strategies for gene manipulation in crops.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vassiliki A. Michalopoulou, Glykeria Mermigka, Konstantinos Kotsaridis, Andriani Mentzelopoulou, Patrick H. N. Celie, Panagiotis N. Moschou, Jonathan D. G. Jones, Panagiotis F. Sarris
Summary: This article investigates the mechanism by which Xanthomonas campestris evades host defense responses by targeting the plant exocyst complex through its core effector XopP. XopP inhibits exocytosis and suppresses plant immune responses, promoting successful infection.