Review
Oncology
Chenbin Liu, Han Wu, Yinqi Mao, Wei Chen, Shuying Chen
Summary: Exosomal microRNAs play a crucial role in hepatocellular carcinoma, holding significant value in the early diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Koya Yasukawa, Akira Shimizu, Koji Kubota, Tsuyoshi Notake, Kiyotaka Hosoda, Hikaru Hayashi, Yuji Soejima
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of liver fibrosis on the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The results showed that patients with more severe liver fibrosis had worse cancer-specific prognosis. Moreover, patients with liver fibrosis had a higher incidence of multiple recurrences.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Michael Trauner, Claudia Daniela Fuchs
Summary: Cholestatic and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease have shared pathophysiological mechanisms that can be targeted for intervention through novel therapeutic concepts. Nuclear receptors play a crucial role in the treatment of these diseases, with high affinity therapeutic ligands being developed for specific or multiple isoforms. In addition, other therapeutic approaches targeting inflammation and fibrosis directly are also available. Combination strategies that target metabolic disturbances, inflammation, and fibrosis may be necessary for successful treatment of these complex disorders.
Article
Oncology
Meng-yun Ke, Tao Xu, Yi Fang, Yuan-peng Ye, Zhi-jin Li, Feng-gang Ren, Shao-ying Lu, Xu-feng Zhang, Rong-qian Wu, Yi Lv, Jian Dong
Summary: The study showed that in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), low FIB-4 values and high CD8(+) T cell infiltration were associated with prolonged survival. Liver fibrosis can lead to tumor immune escape and immunosuppression, with GOLM1 regulating tumor immune escape via the EGFR/PD-L1 signaling pathway.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
George Cholankeril, Jennifer R. Kramer, Jinna Chu, Xian Yu, Maya Balakrishnan, Liang Li, Hashem B. El-Serag, Fasiha Kanwal
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the association between longitudinal changes in fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score and the subsequent risk of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Results from a retrospective cohort study showed that longitudinal changes in FIB-4 were strongly associated with the progression to cirrhosis and HCC.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Virender Kumar, Xiaofei Xin, Jingyi Ma, Chalet Tan, Natalia Osna, Ram I. Mahato
Summary: Type 2 diabetes mellitus associated non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is the fourth leading cause of death, with complications such as nephropathy and cirrhosis. Etiological factors involve hyperglycemia and insulin resistance, with treatment targets including FFA homeostasis and lipid metabolism. Strategies to enhance drug delivery to specific liver cell types have the potential to improve efficacy and reduce off-target effects.
ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Qianyuan Li, Junbo Zhang, Sheng Xiao, Min Hu, Jie Cheng, Chenjiao Yao, Quan Zhuang
Summary: The impact of liver fibrosis on the deterioration of hepatocellular carcinoma remains controversial. In this study, a fibrosis-hypoxia-glycolysis-immune related prognostic model was established to explore this issue. The results showed that liver fibrosis is a poor-prognostic factor for HCC, and the FHGISig model could significantly predict disease progression in HCC patients. This model also has the potential to serve as a predictive marker for immunotherapy in HCC patients.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrei Sorop, Diana Constantinescu, Florentina Cojocaru, Anca Dinischiotu, Dana Cucu, Simona Olimpia Dima
Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer globally and is often detected late due to its high clinical and biological heterogeneity. Small nanoparticles with an endosomal origin are valuable biomarkers or carriers for novel treatments in HCC.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ji H. Nahm, Hye S. Lee, Haeryoung Kim, Sun Y. Yim, Ji-hyun Shin, Jeong E. Yoo, Sang H. Ahn, Jin S. Choi, Ju-Seog Lee, Young N. Park
Summary: This study developed a nomogram for predicting late recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on clinicopathological and molecular factors. The combination of pSTAT3, pERK1/2 and SYK immunoexpression with high lobular inflammatory activity and cirrhosis was found to predict late HCC recurrence.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lin Xu, Yuanjun Lu, Ning Wang, Yibin Feng
Summary: Selenium, known for its antioxidant properties, shows potential benefits for NAFLD patients by alleviating metabolic disorders through regulating oxidative stress and inflammation.
Article
Oncology
Thorben Fruendt, Linda Krause, Elaine Hussey, Bettina Steinbach, Daniel Koehler, Johann von Felden, Kornelius Schulze, Ansgar W. Lohse, Henning Wege, Heidi Schwarzenbach
Summary: Exosomes carrying small non-coding RNA, particularly miR-16, miR-146a, miR-192, and miR-221, appear to be promising diagnostic and prognostic markers for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver cirrhosis patients. MiR-146a showed potential as a diagnostic marker for distinguishing HCC patients from liver cirrhosis patients, while miR-192 independently correlated with overall survival in HCC patients.
Review
Cell Biology
Venkateish Vp, Anbarasu Kannan, Madan Kumar Perumal
Summary: Extracellular vesicles, membrane-bound cargos of varying size, play a vital role in transmitting information between cells and organs. In obesity, dysfunctional adipocytes release extracellular vesicles with altered cargo contents, contributing to the progression of chronic liver diseases. This review extensively discusses the impact of adipocyte-derived extracellular vesicles on liver inflammation, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, highlighting the need for newer approaches to utilize these vesicles as biomarkers for diagnosing initial liver inflammation before it becomes irreversible.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Qipeng Wu, Le Li, Chunmeng Miao, Muhammad Hasnat, Lixin Sun, Zhenzhou Jiang, Luyong Zhang
Summary: This study demonstrates that osteopontin (OPN) promotes hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production through upregulating the expression of NADPH oxidase 1 (NOX1) and activating the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Disruption of the OPN/NOX1 axis might be a promising therapeutic strategy for HCC.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jennifer R. Kramer, Yamini Natarajan, Jianliang Dai, Xian Yu, Liang Li, Hashem B. El-Serag, Fasiha Kanwal
Summary: Patients with NAFLD and diabetes have a high risk of developing HCC. The study found that the use of metformin was associated with a reduced risk of developing HCC, while combination therapy was associated with an increased risk. Glycemic control can be a useful biomarker for stratifying HCC risk in these patients.
Article
Cell Biology
Yang Ge, Pengfei Gu, Wenbo Wang, Liyuan Cao, Lulu Zhang, Jingquan Li, Wei Mu, Hui Wang
Summary: Modern diets high in fat and charcoal-grilled meat can contribute to obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and liver cancer. Benzo(a)pyrene (B[a]P), a common environmental pollutant, has adverse effects on human health and may play a role in liver cancer progression. The study demonstrated that miRNAs in B[a]P-exposed tumor cells, particularly miR-650, could contribute to tumor metastasis, and identified a possible adverse outcome pathway of SOCS3/JAK/STAT3 regulation in B[a]P-induced HCC progression.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)