Article
Microbiology
Shahid A. Padder, Sheikh Mansoor, Sajad A. Bhat, Tawseef Rehman Baba, Rauoof Ahmad Rather, Saima M. Wani, Simona Mariana Popescu, Shakeela Sofi, Malik Asif Aziz, Daniel Ingo Hefft, Othman M. Alzahrani, Ahmed Noureldeen, Hadeer Darwish
Summary: The study investigated the bacterial endophyte community dynamics in apple germplasm to explore fungistatic behavior against Venturia inaequalis. Seventy-one isolates showing antifungal behavior were selected and used to produce a bio-formulation, which effectively reduced disease severity and incidence in eight apple varieties. Further investigation on Red Delicious cultivar revealed varying levels of enzyme production, chlorophyll, and sugars in response to the formulated treatment.
Article
Agronomy
Xiancheng Li, Haiyuan Li, Zhen Yu, Liqiang Gao, Jiarong Yang
Summary: The resistance levels of 90 single lesion conidial isolates of Venturia inaequalis to difenoconazole and pyraclostrobin were examined in commercial orchards in Shaanxi, Gansu, and Xinjiang. While some isolates showed resistance or reduced sensitivity to the fungicides, practical resistance was only sporadically found, indicating that the fungicides are still safe for disease management in apple-growing areas. Caution should be taken to manage fungicide resistance, and regular monitoring of resistance development is necessary.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Horticulture
Anze Svara, Kristina Ilnikar, Sebastien Carpentier, Nico De Storme, Barbara De Coninck, Wannes Keulemans
Summary: Apple production is significantly affected by apple scab disease caused by the fungus Venturia inaequalis. Breeding for polyploid cultivars could enhance resistance of apple cultivars against different V. inaequalis isolates. The role of polyploidy in conferring resistance to biotic challenges is plant-pathogen-specific.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Aline Leconte, Ludovic Tournant, Jerome Muchembled, Jonathan Paucellier, Arnaud Hequet, Barbara Deracinois, Caroline Deweer, Francois Krier, Magali Deleu, Sandrine Oste, Philippe Jacques, Francois Coutte
Summary: This study investigated the antifungal activity of lipopeptides produced by Bacillus subtilis against apple scab. The results showed that lipopeptide mixtures were effective in controlling the disease, and the best composition of the culture medium was determined. The lipopeptides demonstrated promising in vivo antifungal efficiency against Venturia inaequalis, with a significant reduction in scab incidence. The reproducibility of the results was better with a specific lipopeptide mixture. The use of B. subtilis lipopeptides to control apple scab is highly promising.
Article
Microbiology
Mercedes Rocafort, Vaibhav Srivastava, Joanna K. Bowen, Sara M. Diaz-Moreno, Yanan Guo, Vincent Bulone, Kim M. Plummer, Paul W. Sutherland, Marilyn A. Anderson, Rosie E. Bradshaw, Carl H. Mesarich
Summary: The fungal pathogen Venturia inaequalis causes scab, the most economically important disease of apples. It forms specialized infection structures during the colonization of the apple host, but little is known about their differentiation and protection from host defenses.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Lior Gur, Keren Levy, Amotz Farber, Omer Frenkel, Moshe Reuveni
Summary: QoI fungicides were introduced in Israel in 1997 for apple scab control, with resistance observed only after 14 years of use, mainly in northern Israel since 2011. Resistance is related to limited fungicidal sprays and confirmed through molecular-based studies. Growers are now advised to use tank mixtures of systemic fungicides for effective management.
Article
Plant Sciences
Regina Rancane, Alma Valiuskaite, Viktorija Zagorska, Vitalijs Komasilovs, Neringa Rasiukeviciute
Summary: This study evaluates the intensive use of fungicide-active substances in apple orchards in Latvia over the past decade, assessing the overall environmental load using the Pesticide Load Indicator (PLI). It was found that protective fungicides have the highest potential impact on the environment and human health, while systemic fungicides show reduced sensitivity of pathogen populations after long-term use.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
David Papp, Shambhulinga Gangadharappa Harigondra, Cristina Paredes, Anita Karacs-Vegh, Karoly Penksza, Ildiko T-Jardi, Viktor Papp
Summary: This study investigated the genetic structure and diversity of Venturia inaequalis populations causing scab disease, and found that resistance indicator cultivars had an impact on the population structure and pathogenicity.
Article
Microbiology
Olga Sokolova, Inga Morocko-Bicevska, Gunars Lacis
Summary: The genetic diversity of V. inaequalis populations in two main apple-growing regions in Latvia was characterized and assessed in this study. Three genetic lineages were identified, which were unrelated to geographic origin, host genotype, collection time, and isolation type. The analysis of known virulent reference strains showed a possible correlation to virulence.
Article
Plant Sciences
Rameez Nazir Rather, Aijaz A. Wani, Mehraj-Ul-Din Shah, Bilal A. Padder, Sajad M. Zargar
Summary: Management of scab through resistant varieties is a cost effective and eco-friendly alternative to chemical control. We used a combination of conventional and molecular marker based approaches to screen apple genotypes in the Kashmir region of India, and identified 17 genotypes carrying major scab resistance genes. We also found two genotypes of Indigenous Ambri cultivars carrying the Rvi11 scab resistance gene.
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Ida Cecilie Jensen, Rikke Reisner Hansen, Christian Damgaard, Joachim Offenberg
Summary: This study investigated the effect of artificial sugar feeding on aphid abundance on apple trees and the effect of ant presence on apple scab disease. The results showed that sugar feeding eliminated aphids on the apple trees and reduced the incidence of apple scab. Therefore, wood ants are proposed as an effective biocontrol agent for apple orchards and other plantation crops.
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Laura Cordero-Limon, Michael W. Shaw, Thomas A. J. Passey, Joyce D. Robinson, Xiangming Xu
Summary: There is cross-resistance between Myclobutanil and Tebuconazole, with V. inaequalis showing strong correlation in resistance to both fungicides, indicating involvement of at least two genes in the control of Tebuconazole resistance.
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Horticulture
Kamil Ekinci, Hulya Ozgonen Ozkaya, Murat Memici, Cigdem Kurt, Berk Bitrak
Summary: It is crucial to eliminate harmful microorganisms during composting, and composts made from apple scab infected leaves and dairy manure can be reliably utilized in agricultural production.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Mohammad Saleem Dar, Mushtaq Ahmad, Nakeeb-Un-Nisa Yetoo, Bhagyshree Bhatt, Suhail Nazir Bhat, Heena Altaf, Sumira Rafiqee, Asha Nabi, F. A. Mohiddin, Abdel-Rhman Z. Gaafar, Sheikh Mansoor, Mehraj D. D. Shah, Muntazir Mushtaq
Summary: Apple scab caused by Venturia inaequalis causes significant damage to apple fruit production. A study investigated the evolutionary potential and population genetics of V. inaequalis using 132 isolates from five apple orchards. The study found diverse populations with variations in genetic differentiation and gene flow between populations. Host specialization was also observed, with three major clusters identified. These findings highlight the genotypic diversity and population genetic structure of V. inaequalis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Malgorzata Podwyszynska, Monika Markiewicz, Agata Broniarek-Niemiec, Bozena Matysiak, Agnieszka Marasek-Ciolakowska
Summary: Polyploidization is an important source of variability for breeding, with newly obtained tetraploids showing enhanced resistance to apple scab. However, tetraploids of 'Free Redstar' exhibit poor growth compared to diploid plants, especially during the early growth phase, with differences in morphological parameters noted between the two types of plants.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qiang Wang, Rui Song, Sanhong Fan, Jeffrey J. Coleman, Xiangming Xu, Xiaoping Hu
Summary: This study investigated the Fusarium community in diseased wheat heads sampled from different geographical sites in China, and found that the diversity of Fusarium significantly influenced mycotoxin accumulation.
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Festus Ifeanyi Anagwu, Vijay Kumar Thakur, Alex A. Skordos
Summary: Polybenzoxazines are high-performance materials that can replace traditional thermosets in composites manufacturing due to their excellent thermomechanical and chemical behavior. Incorporating dynamic bonds in benzoxazine monomers can produce vitrimeric polybenzoxazines, which exhibit smart functionalities and can potentially overcome the limitations of traditional thermosets.
MACROMOLECULAR MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Roohallah Saberi Riseh, Mozhgan Gholizadeh Vazvani, Mohadeseh Hassanisaadi, Vijay Kumar Thakur, John F. Kennedy
Summary: Climate changes, drought, the salinity of water and soil, the emergence of new breeds of pests and pathogens, the industrialization of countries, and environmental contamination are factors limiting agricultural production. Chemicals used for enhancing product resistance have limitations. Replacing synthetic agrochemicals with natural substances and microorganisms can help. Whey protein, a valuable by-product of the cheese industry, can be used as a coating layer to protect plant biocontrol bacteria. This review focuses on the efficiency of whey protein in increasing the shelf life of agricultural products against phytopathogens.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Nur Syuhadatul Husna Binti Husny Zaim, Huey Ling Tan, Siti Maslizah Abdul Rahman, Noor Fitrah Abu Bakar, Mohamed Syazwan Osman, Vijay Kumar Thakur, Norbert Radacsi
Summary: Seed coating plays a crucial role in agriculture technology by protecting and developing crops. Conventional methods have limitations such as excessive material usage and negative impacts on human health and the environment. The use of nanomaterials, particularly nanoparticles and nanofibers, offers significant benefits in improving seed properties and protection against pests and environmental factors. This review provides insights into the application of nanomaterials for seed coating and its potential benefits in agriculture.
JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Vijay Sagar Madamsetty, Maryam Vazifehdoost, Samira Hossaini Alhashemi, Hesam Davoudi, Ali Zarrabi, Ali Dehshahri, Hojjat Samareh Fekri, Reza Mohammadinejad, Vijay Kumar Thakur
Summary: Since its discovery in 1949, curcumin, a natural polyphenol found in turmeric, has shown diverse pharmacological activities. However, due to its poor solubility and bioavailability, curcumin has not been approved for human application as a drug. This review focuses on hydrogel-based delivery systems as a promising approach to enhance the bioavailability and solubility of curcumin, and discusses its potential applications in cancer treatment and wound healing.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Harjot Kaur, Nishu Devi, Samarjeet Singh Siwal, Walaa F. Alsanie, Manju Kumari Thakur, Vijay Kumar Thakur
Summary: In the past, the insufficient reduction of various pollutants during water and wastewater processing methods has been a concern in the water enterprise. MOFs (metal-organic frameworks) have shown potential in wastewater management. This review focuses on the synthesis process and properties of MOF materials, as well as their applications for wastewater treatment. Additionally, the performances of MOFs-based materials are compared with other commonly used materials, and the current challenges, future prospects, and outlook of this study are highlighted.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Rashmi Bangarh, Chainika Khatana, Simranjeet Kaur, Anchita Sharma, Ankur Kaushal, Samarjeet Singh Siwal, Hardeep Singh Tuli, Kuldeep Dhama, Vijay Kumar Thakur, Reena Saini, Adesh K. Saini
Summary: Glycosylation-mediated post-translational modification plays a critical role in regulating fundamental processes and can be associated with diseases like cancer. Changes in glycosylation patterns can lead to heterogeneity in tumor cells and affect immune cells, resulting in pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory effects. Understanding glycosylation can be used for diagnosis, prognosis, and immunotherapy in cancer. Advanced technologies like lectin microarrays enable high-throughput research on aberrant glycosylation. This paper reviews the role of glycosylation and discusses emerging technologies and clinical applications.
BIOTECHNOLOGY ADVANCES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Qinyu Li, Antoine Le Duigou, Vijay Kumar Thakur, Liwu Liu, Jinsong Leng, Fabrizio Scarpa
Summary: Current applications of mass diffusion in composite structures with natural fibres reinforcements focus on large thickness, balanced laminates, and long diffusion times. However, hygromorph composites are thin, possess slender shapes with unbalanced laminate designs, and have higher moisture diffusion speeds. This study proposes a new three-dimensional inverse identification diffusion method for hygromorph composites, which extracts diffusion parameters from each direction. The method is particularly suitable for slender hygromorph composites where in-plane moisture diffusion is significant, and can aid in understanding moisture diffusion and mechanical deformations in general hygromorph adaptive morphing structures made of natural fiber-reinforced unbalanced composites.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Vatika Soni, Shilpa Patial, Abhinandan Kumar, Pardeep Singh, Vijaya Kumar, Tansir Ahamad, Quyet Van Le, Rafael Luque, Pankaj Raizada, Van-Huy Nguyen
Summary: Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) based on core@shell nanohybrids have been actively researched for their potential in improving stability and catalytic activity. These hybrids offer advantages such as size-selective reactions, bifunctional catalysis, and integration of multiple functions, enhancing stability, recyclability, and electronic interaction. The synergy between functional encapsulating shells and core material has been found to improve the activity and selectivity of COF-based core@shell hybrids.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shruti Sharma, Shyam R. Asolekar, Vijay Kumar Thakur, P. Asokan
Summary: This study confirms the suitability of waste biomass-derived cellulosic fibers from Canna indica as a reinforcement in natural fiber polymeric composites. The extracted CI fibers possess favorable physicochemical, mechanical, structural, crystallographic, and thermal properties and are proposed as potential synthetic fiber alternatives. With high cellulose content (60 wt%) and low wax fraction (0.5 wt%), the CI fibers demonstrate advantageous properties for reinforcement. Furthermore, their thermal stability, average length, diameter, and density contribute to their potential application. The crystallographic and morphological attributes also support their suitability as reinforcement.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Stefan Ioan Voicu, Vijay Kumar Thakur
Summary: In the past century, our comfort and life expectancy have significantly increased due to technological progress and easier access to products and technologies. However, this has led to a surge in material consumption and the generation of massive amounts of waste. One of the most affected resources is water, which has seen a continuous decrease in quality due to changing lifestyles. This article explores the possibility of using membranes based on natural polymers to filter water in the near future, promoting a more sustainable water recirculation and reuse within the circular economy. The challenges and technological limitations associated with this new paradigm will also be discussed and presented.
CURRENT OPINION IN GREEN AND SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Swarnalatha Mailaram, Vivek Narisetty, Sunil K. Maity, Siddharth Gadkari, Vijay Kumar Thakur, Stephen Russell, Vinod Kumar
Summary: This study evaluated the potential of using bread waste (BW) for lactic acid (LA) production and compared two fermentation methods. The results showed that the production cost of lactic acid from bread waste was slightly higher than the market price.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY & FUELS
(2023)
Article
Horticulture
Lauren Helen Farwell, Greg Deakin, Adrian Lee Harris, Georgina Fagg, Thomas Passey, Carol Verheecke-Vaessen, Naresh Magan, Xiangming Xu
Summary: Raspberry production in the U.K. has increased under polythene cultivation in the past decade, leading to a rise in previously less common diseases such as Cladosporium. This study identified Cladosporium cladosporioides as the predominant species responsible for infecting raspberry fruit, particularly close to harvest in the U.K. and Spain. Only ripe raspberries were found to be susceptible to Cladosporium, resulting in skin lesions. Further research is needed to determine if early stigmata infections could lead to subsequent skin lesion infections.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Chris Cook, Naresh Magan, Louisa Robinson-Boyer, Xiangming Xu
Summary: We studied the effect of different temperatures and CO2 levels on the microbiome of apple orchard soil under conventional and organic management. The key difference between the two orchards was the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. The differences between the two orchards had the most significant impact on the bacterial and fungal communities, contributing to a large portion of the variance in Bray-Curtis beta diversity. Elevated CO2 concentration and temperature affected the microbial diversity of organic orchard more than the conventionally managed orchard.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Shruti Sharma, Shyam R. Asolekar, Vijay Kumar Thakur, P. Asokan
Summary: This comprehensive review evaluates the sustainable utilization routes for waste biomass from constructed wetlands (CWs), with a focus on the development of natural fiber-reinforced polymeric composites (NFRPCs) using the waste biomass. The review discusses the different value-added products and explores their potential commercial implementation challenges. Furthermore, it highlights NFRPCs as a sustainable substitute for synthetic fiber-reinforced composites, contributing to a circular economy and a greener future.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2024)