Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
He Zhang, Xin Hua, Dongran Zheng, Hao Wu, Chuanwang Li, Pan Rao, Mengliang Wen, Yong-Eui Choi, Zheyong Xue, Yu Wang, Yuhua Li
Summary: By analyzing metabolic products and transcriptome coexpression, we identified candidate glycosyltransferases (GTs) in the ginseng database and verified their function in the oleanane-type ginsenoside biosynthetic pathway. By integrating these GTs into the yeast genome, we successfully achieved de novo biosynthesis of oleanane-type ginsenosides.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Xiaoying Li, Xianhui Cheng, Baosheng Liao, Jiang Xu, Xu Han, Jinbo Zhang, Zhiwei Lin, Lianghai Hu
Summary: In this study, a large number of proteins were identified from ginseng root and cauline leaf, revealing their different roles in photosynthesis and metabolic processes. The expression differences of functional proteins related to ginsenoside synthesis in different parts were also found, providing insights into the synthesis of ginsenosides and guidance for artificial cultivation.
JOURNAL OF GINSENG RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Duc Duy Le, Woohyun Kim, Soohwan Lim, Sun Chang Kim, Giltsu Choi
Summary: Ginsenosides, glycosylated dammarene-type triterpenes found in Panax ginseng and Gynostemma pentaphyllum, share common UGT families for biosynthesis despite belonging to different subfamilies, indicating independent evolutionary selection for their synthesis.
Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
D. Peng, Yan Yan, Wang Ping, Yan Min, Wang Ying-Ping, Huang Lu-Qi
Summary: This study elucidated the biosynthesis pathways of ginsenosides in different tissues of Panax quinquefolium using an integrative method of transcriptome and metabolome analysis. The comprehensive transcriptome revealed specific expression of ginsenoside pathway genes and UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT) family genes in roots, leaves, and flower buds. Additionally, the study found that three UGT genes were positively correlated to specific ginsenoside components.
CHINESE JOURNAL OF NATURAL MEDICINES
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Yuan Lin, Yi Na Wang, Guang Hui Zhang, Geng Chen, Qing Hui Yang, Bing Hao, Sheng Chao Yang
Summary: This study investigated the catalytic function of 10 characterized UGTs from the public database. PnUGT31 and PnUGT53 showed promiscuous sugar-donor specificity and could catalyze glycosylation and sugar chain elongation. Molecular docking simulations were used to analyze their expression patterns and catalytic mechanisms. Different gene modules were constructed to increase the yield of ginsenosides in engineered yeast.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chang Liu, Kangyu Wang, Ziyi Yun, Wenbo Liu, Mingzhu Zhao, Yanfang Wang, Jian Hu, Tao Liu, Nan Wang, Yi Wang, Meiping Zhang
Summary: Ginseng, a well-known perennial herb, has been studied for the biosynthesis of ginsenosides. The involvement of GRAS transcription factors in ginsenoside biosynthesis was found, and the PgGRAS68-01 gene closely related to ginsenoside biosynthesis was identified and analyzed. The study revealed that the PgGRAS68-01 gene has spatio-temporal specific expression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Zhouqian Jiang, Haiyun Gao, Rong Liu, Meng Xia, Yun Lu, Jiadian Wang, Xiaochao Chen, Yifeng Zhang, Dan Li, Yuru Tong, Panting Liu, Yuan Liu, Yunfeng Luo, Jie Gao, Yan Yin, Luqi Huang, Wei Gao
Summary: In this study, 27 glycosyltransferase genes were screened and PnUGT33 was found to catalyze the production of rare ginsenosides. The researchers further analyzed the catalytic mechanism of PnUGT33 and reconstructed the biosynthetic pathway of rare ginsenosides in yeast, successfully improving the yield.
ACS SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Zhouqian Jiang, Haiyun Gao, Rong Liu, Meng Xia, Yun Lu, Jiadian Wang, Xiaochao Chen, Yifeng Zhang, Dan Li, Yuru Tong, Panting Liu, Yuan Liu, Yunfeng Luo, Jie Gao, Yan Yin, Luqi Huang, Wei Gao
Summary: In this study, candidate glycosyltransferase genes were screened based on the previous genome and transcriptome data of Panax notoginseng, and the full length of 27 UGT genes were successfully cloned. Among them, it was found that the PnUGT33 gene could catalyze different ginsenoside substrates to produce higher polarity rare ginsenosides. The enzymatic kinetics of PnUGT33 were analyzed and the catalytic mechanism was predicted through molecular docking simulation. Ultimately, the biosynthetic pathway of rare ginsenoside Rg(3) and gypenoside LXXV was reconstructed in yeast, and the yields were significantly improved by overexpressing UDPG biosynthetic genes.
ACS SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Maoqi Hou, Feng Nie, Jianing Zhao, Zhengcai Ju, Li Yang, Qingzhong Wang, Shujuan Zhao, Zhengtao Wang
Summary: In this study, six UGTs were characterized, two of which were novel. PnUGT71A3 catalyzes the glycosylation of protopanaxatriol (PPT) and F1 to form Rh1 and Rg1, respectively, and also the glycosylation of protopanaxadiol (PPD)-type Rg3 to generate Rd. PnUGT94M1 regioselectively catalyzes the rhamnosylation of the C6 glucose of PPT-type ginsenosides Rg1 and Rh1, generating ginsenosides Re and Rg2, respectively, and is UDP-beta-L-rhamnose (UDP-Rha)-dependent.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Lei Zhu, Jian Hu, Ruiqi Li, Chang Liu, Yang Jiang, Tao Liu, Mingming Liu, Mingzhu Zhao, Yi Wang, Kangyu Wang, Meiping Zhang
Summary: In this study, the PgGT25-04 gene was identified as a negative regulator of ginsenoside synthesis in ginseng. The gene was found to respond to ABA signals and exhibited spatiotemporally specific expression patterns in ginseng. The results suggest that PgGT25-04 plays a role in the secondary metabolism of ginseng and provide a theoretical basis for further study of Trihelix transcription factors in Panax ginseng.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Li Li, Yanfang Wang, Mingzhu Zhao, Kangyu Wang, Chunyu Sun, Lei Zhu, Yilai Han, Ping Chen, Jun Lei, Yi Wang, Meiping Zhang
Summary: At least five PgOSC genes are involved in ginsenoside biosynthesis, including three newly identified genes and two published genes. These genes show significant correlations with ginsenoside contents and their mutations influence ginsenoside levels. The regulation analysis using MeJA further supports the role of these genes in ginsenoside biosynthesis.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lanchun Liu, Jun Hu, Qiyuan Mao, Chao Liu, Haoqiang He, Xiaoshan Hui, Guang Yang, Peirong Qu, Wenjing Lian, Lian Duan, Yan Dong, Juhua Pan, Yongmei Liu, Qingyong He, Jun Li, Jie Wang
Summary: This paper elaborates on the current pharmacological effects of ginseng functional components in treating cardiovascular diseases, summarizes the adverse reactions of ginseng, and provides a list of Chinese patent medicines containing ginseng formula for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Xiaoxue Fang, Manqi Wang, Xinteng Zhou, Huan Wang, Huaying Wang, Hongxing Xiao
Summary: This study investigated the effects of growth years on gene expression in cultivated ginseng and wild ginseng through transcriptome sequencing. The results showed that the growth years significantly affected gene expression in cultivated ginseng, especially in the MAPK signaling pathway and terpenoid backbone biosynthesis pathway. Moreover, the growth years had significant effects on genes related to ginsenoside synthesis in cultivated ginseng but had little influence on wild ginseng.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jaewook Kim, Yeongbae Yun, Jeonghoon Huh, Yurry Um, Donghwan Shim
Summary: Comparative transcriptome analysis between 7-year-old and 13-year-old wild-simulated ginseng identified differentially expressed genes involved in pentose-phosphate shunt, abscisic acid and defense responses. Up-regulated bacterial stimulation-induced gene expression in 13-year-old ginseng may contribute to minor ginsenoside biosynthesis.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xianmei Yin, Haoyu Hu, Xiaofeng Shen, Xiangyan Li, Jin Pei, Jiang Xu
Summary: Ginseng, known as the king of herbs, has been used as an important traditional medicine for thousands of years. Ginsenosides, bioactive compounds of ginseng, have posed challenges for research and development due to their complexity. In recent years, the emergence of new biological research tools, particularly omics and bioinformatic tools, has become a major trend in ginseng research.
CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sungjin Ahn, Dong Man Jang, Sung Chul Park, Seungchan An, Jongheon Shin, Byung Woo Han, Minsoo Noh
Review
Microbiology
Seung-Oh Seo, Sung-Kyun Park, Suk-Chae Jung, Choong-Min Ryu, Jun-Seob Kim
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Sung Chul Park, Beomkoo Chung, Jayho Lee, Eunji Cho, Ji-Yeon Hwang, Dong-Chan Oh, Jongheon Shin, Ki-Bong Oh
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Ji-Yeon Hwang, Sung Chul Park, Woong Sub Byun, Dong-Chan Oh, Sang Kook Lee, Ki-Bong Oh, Jongheon Shin
Article
Plant Sciences
Woong Sub Byun, Eun Seo Bae, Sung Chul Park, Won Kyung Kim, Jongheon Shin, Sang Kook Lee
Summary: Asperphenin B (1) extracted from a marine-derived fungus demonstrates antitumor properties by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in colorectal cancer. Its mechanisms of action involve regulation of checkpoint proteins, upregulation of p53, downregulation of survivin, and suppression of cell migration and invasion. Moreover, Asperphenin B (1) shows potential as a novel candidate for treating metastatic CRC by modulating GAPDH function.
JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Jae Sung Park, Eunji Cho, Ji-Yeon Hwang, Sung Chul Park, Beomkoo Chung, Oh-Seok Kwon, Chung J. Sim, Dong-Chan Oh, Ki-Bong Oh, Jongheon Shin
Summary: Six new bis(indole) alkaloids, along with eight known ones, were isolated from a sponge in Korea. These compounds showed moderate inhibition against transpeptidase sortase A and weak inhibition against human pathogenic bacteria and cancer cell lines A549 and K562.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Ji-Yeon Hwang, Beomkoo Chung, Oh-Seok Kwon, Sung Chul Park, Eunji Cho, Dong-Chan Oh, Jongheon Shin, Ki-Bong Oh
Summary: The study found that secoemestrin C (1), a fungal metabolite isolated from sponges, is a potent inhibitor of isocitrate lyase (ICL) in Candida albicans, affecting its growth by inhibiting mRNA expression under specific conditions.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Sung Chul Park, Jung-Ho Lee, Ji-Yeon Hwang, Oh-Seok Kwon, Lijuan Liao, Dong-Chan Oh, Ki-Bong Oh, Jongheon Shin
Summary: The compound Ochraceopetalin and its components were isolated from a marine-derived fungus. Ochraceopetalin exhibited significant cytotoxicity against K562 and A549 cells.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Do-Un Lee, Yeong Jin Park, Hwan Hee Yu, Suk-Chae Jung, Jung-Hee Park, Dae-Hee Lee, Na-Kyoung Lee, Hyun-Dong Paik
Summary: The study evaluated the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of epsilon-PL against food poisoning pathogens in chicken, showing strong antibacterial and biofilm inhibition effects. epsilon-PL demonstrated potential as an antibiotic and antibiofilm material for chicken meat processing.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Beomkoo Chung, Ji-Yeon Hwang, Sung Chul Park, Oh-Seok Kwon, Eunji Cho, Jayho Lee, Hyi-Seung Lee, Dong-Chan Oh, Jongheon Shin, Ki-Bong Oh
Summary: Two nitrogenous metabolites, bacillimide (1) and bacillapyrrole (2), were isolated from the culture broth of the marine-derived actinomycete Streptomyces bacillaris. Their structures were determined through spectroscopic and chemical analyses. The inhibitory effects of bacillimide (1) and bacillapyrrole (2) on Candida albicans isocitrate lyase were found to be moderate and weak, respectively.
Article
Plant Sciences
Nathaniel M. Westrick, Sung Chul Park, Nancy P. Keller, Damon L. Smith, Mehdi Kabbage
Summary: Alcohol oxidases (AOXs) are ecologically important enzymes that play a significant role in plant-fungal interactions. This study found that AOX orthologues are commonly present in the genomes of nonmethylotrophic, plant-associating fungi and are highly expressed during infection. Knockout mutants of AOX in the pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum showed reduced virulence in soybean. Chemical genomics suggested that SsAOX may function as an aromatic AOX and growth assays demonstrated its inability to properly utilize plant extract as a nutrient source.
MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Milton T. Drott, Sung Chul Park, Yen-wen Wang, Lynn Harrow, Nancy P. Keller, Anne Pringle
Summary: The poisonous European mushroom Amanita phalloides (the death cap) is invading California, and the evolution of its toxic secondary metabolites is unknown. Researchers developed a bioinformatic pipeline to identify MSDIN genes related to toxicity, and found a diverse set of MSDINs in both core and accessory elements in death cap genomes. Each individual possesses unique MSDINs, and toxin genes differ significantly between Californian and European samples. MSDIN genes are maintained by natural selection, and chemical profiling confirms their expression and distinct phenotypes. The discovery of MSDINs in other basidiomycetes and their potential for drug prospecting is also highlighted.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Sultan Pulat, Prima F. Hillman, Sojeong Kim, Ratnakar N. Asolkar, Haerin Kim, Rui Zhou, Isa Tas, Chathurika D. B. Gamage, Mucahit Varli, So-Yeon Park, Sung Chul Park, Inho Yang, Jongheon Shin, Dong-Chan Oh, Hangun Kim, Sang-Jip Nam, William Fenical
Summary: A new bazzanane-type sesquiterpenoid, Marinobazzanan (1), was isolated from a marine-derived fungus belonging to the genus Acremonium. The chemical structure of 1 was determined using NMR and mass spectroscopic data, and its relative configurations were established through the analysis of NOESY data. The absolute configurations of 1 were determined using the modified Mosher's method and vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectra calculation. Compound 1 exhibited cytotoxicity against human cancer cells at concentrations between 1 and 5 μM by regulating the expression levels of KITENIN and KAI1.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ga Hyeon Baek, Ki Myeong Yoo, Seon-Yeong Kim, Da Hee Lee, Hayoung Chung, Suk-Chae Jung, Sung-Kyun Park, Jun-Seob Kim
Summary: Fish collagen peptides can alter intestinal microflora and reduce the ratio of obesity-related bacteria, leading to inhibition of obesity caused by a high-fat diet. Additionally, collagen peptides derived from fish skin can reduce abdominal fat accumulation, lower blood glucose levels, and control weight gain, making them a potential auxiliary therapeutic agent for obesity prevention.
Article
Immunology
Breanne N. Steffan, Dante Calise, Sung Chul Park, Mengyao Niu, Jun Yang, Bruce D. Hammock, MaryJane Jones, Chad Steele, Nancy P. Keller
Summary: This study found that the pathogenic microorganism Aspergillus fumigatus produces oxylipins in infected mouse lung tissue. The results showed that 8-HODE is an agonist and 5,8-diHODE is a partial antagonist of G2A. By studying the response of G2A-/- mice to Aspergillus fumigatus infection, it was found that G2A can suppress host inflammatory responses to the fungus.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)