Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Darina Bacenkova, Marianna Trebunova, Dasa Cizkova, Radovan Hudak, Erik Dosedla, Alena Findrik-Balogova, Jozef Zivcak
Summary: The article discusses the complex process of placental implantation and development, as well as current technologies used to study the behavior of placental cells. Regulation by transcription factors leads to differentiation of trophoblast cells and formation of distinct populations. The 3D in vitro model is crucial for studying placental physiology and modeling placental diseases.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martin Gauster, Gerit Moser, Stefan Wernitznig, Nadja Kupper, Berthold Huppertz
Summary: Successful pregnancy relies on the proper development of the embryo and its implantation into the uterine wall. The trophoblast cells play a crucial role in this process, differentiating and forming subpopulations that contribute to placental development and function.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Developmental Biology
Megan A. Sheridan, Xiaohui Zhao, Ridma C. Fernando, Lucy Gardner, Vicente Perez-Garcia, Qian Li, Steven G. E. Marsh, Russell Hamilton, Ashley Moffett, Margherita Y. Turco
Summary: Two recently developed models, trophoblast organoids and trophoblast stem cells (TSCs), are useful tools for studying human placental development. TSCs resemble cells at the base of the cell columns from where EVT derives, while organoids are similar to VCT and undergo spontaneous SCT differentiation. Understanding the HLA expression differences between these models can help in selecting the most suitable model for studying trophoblast development, function, and pathology.
Review
Cell Biology
Bum-Kyu Lee, Jonghwan Kim
Summary: Understanding the molecular mechanisms of early human placenta development is crucial for maternal and fetal health. Recent advancements in human trophoblast models offer new opportunities, but the application of high-throughput omics tools in this field remains limited. Integration of omics approaches with human in vitro model systems has the potential to enhance our understanding of placental development and associated complications.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joanna L. James, Abbey Lissaman, Yohanes N. S. Nursalim, Lawrence W. Chamley
Summary: The use of in vitro tools to study trophoblast differentiation and function is crucial for understanding placental development. Various models including primary trophoblasts, placental explants, stem cell models, and organoid cultures have provided insights into the complex microenvironment and cell-cell crosstalk involved in this process. However, it is important to consider the strengths and limitations of each model and accurately interpret the in vitro data in relation to in vivo aspects of human placentation.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bianca Dietrich, Sandra Haider, Gudrun Meinhardt, Juergen Pollheimer, Martin Knoefler
Summary: This article discusses two important signaling pathways, WNT and NOTCH, in the development of human placenta and trophoblasts. The WNT pathway is necessary for the expansion of trophoblast progenitors and stem cells, while NOTCH1 is required for the proliferation and survival of extravillous trophoblast precursors.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Changwon Yang, Sunwoo Park, Gwonhwa Song, Whasun Lim
Summary: This study investigated the role of tRNA-derived stress-induced RNAs (tiRNAs) in PA-induced apoptosis in human trophoblasts. The findings suggest that the tiRNA(GlyCCC/GCC) molecule may be involved in mediating the effects of PA on human trophoblasts, impacting intracellular signal transduction pathways and calcium homeostasis.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Jiali You, Wei Wang, Hsun-Ming Chang, Yuyin Yi, Hongjin Zhao, Hua Zhu, Yu Sun, Minyue Tang, Chunyan Wang, Yimiao Sang, Guofang Feng, Shaobing Cheng, Peter C. K. Leung, Yi-Min Zhu
Summary: Embryo implantation and trophoblast invasion are critical for establishing pregnancy, with BMP2 playing a significant role in regulating these processes by influencing gene expression and promoting the development and invasion of embryo and trophoblast cells.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rona Karahoda, Sampada Kallol, Michael Groessl, Edgar Ontsouka, Pascale Anderle, Christa Fluck, Frantisek Staud, Christiane Albrecht
Summary: This study investigates the gestational age-dependent changes in the gene expression of key steroidogenic enzymes in human placentas, as well as explores the role of trophoblast cells in steroid biosynthesis and metabolism. The research provides insights into the cellular origin of steroidogenesis in the human placenta and highlights the functional activity of steroidogenic enzymes in primary human trophoblasts.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Tereza Cindrova-Davies, Amanda N. Sferruzzi-Perri
Summary: The placenta plays a critical role in the health of the fetus and its mother. However, our understanding of placental development is limited due to ethical restrictions and lack of suitable models. This review discusses current knowledge of early human placental development, emphasizing the role of the maternal endometrium and fetal-maternal dialogue, and introduces the latest cell models.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrea Pirkovic, Aleksandra Vilotic, Suncica Borozan, Mirjana Nacka-Aleksic, Zanka Bojic-Trbojevic, Milica Jovanovic Krivokuca, Maurizio Battino, Francesca Giampieri, Dragana Dekanski
Summary: The bioactive compound oleuropein derived from olives was evaluated for its effects on damage induced by hydrogen peroxide in human trophoblast cells in vitro. The study found that oleuropein had cytoprotective effects by improving antioxidant status, preventing protein and lipid damage, and reducing iNOS levels.
Review
Cell Biology
Tatiana Nikitina, Igor N. Lebedev
Summary: Miscarriage is a common issue, affecting around 15% of clinically recognized pregnancies, with 1-3% of couples experiencing recurrent pregnancy loss. Chromosomal abnormalities account for approximately 50-60% of miscarriages, while variants in candidate genes play a role in up to 60% of recurrent abortions with euploid fetuses. This review discusses the use of state-of-the-art human in vitro trophoblast models to study specific abnormalities/variants implicated in pregnancy loss. These models provide valuable insights into the impact of genetic variants on placental development and pregnancy outcomes.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Haibin Zhu, Qianlei Ren, Ziyi Yan, Shouying Xu, Jiahao Luo, Ximei Wu, Chao Tang
Summary: This study uncovers a previously unknown role of the transcription factor HAND1 in the regulation of cholesterol metabolism and steroid synthesis in human trophoblasts. HAND1 inhibits the expression of steroidogenic enzymes and decreases the levels of progesterone and estradiol in trophoblasts. The mechanisms involve direct binding to gene promoters, regulation of promoter methylation status, and destabilization of RNA.
JOURNAL OF GENETICS AND GENOMICS
(2022)
Article
Developmental Biology
Yutong Chen, Dylan Siriwardena, Christopher Penfold, Adam Pavlinek, Thorsten E. Boroviak
Summary: This study provides a single-cell atlas of human trophoblast development and performs single-cell profiling of trophoblast stem cells. The study reveals the transcriptional networks of trophoblast lineages and identifies the role of MAPK signaling in cell differentiation. In addition, the study identifies key factors regulating self-renewal of trophoblast stem cells.
Article
Oncology
Shih-Han Hung, Tzong-Hann Yang, Yen-Fu Cheng, Chin-Shyan Chen, Herng-Ching Lin
Summary: This nationwide population-based study aimed to investigate the association between nasopharyngeal carcinoma and human papillomavirus infections. The results indicated a significant difference in the rates of previous human papillomavirus infections between nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients and controls. The adjusted odds ratio showed a significantly higher risk of prior human papillomavirus infections in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cases compared to controls.