☆ 4.7 Article

Dihydrochalcones: Implication in resistance to oxidative stress and bioactivities against advanced glycation end-products and vasoconstriction

PHYTOCHEMISTRY (2010)

Journal

PHYTOCHEMISTRY

Volume 71, Issue 4, Pages 443-452

Publisher

PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD

DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2009.11.004

Keywords

Malus domestica; Rosaceae; Antioxidant; Phenylephrine; AGEs; Flavonoids; Dihydrochalcones; Sieboldin; Phloridzin; Trilobatin

Funding

Ministere de l'Education Nationale, de l'Enseignement Superieur et de la Recherche, France

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Abstract

Flavonoids are a group of polyphenol compounds with known antioxidant activities Among them, dihydrochalcones are mainly found in apple leaves (Malus domestica). Glycosylated dihydrochalcones were previously found in large amounts in leaves of two genotypes of Malus with contrasting resistance to fire blight, a bacterial disease caused by Erwinia amylovora In the present study we demonstrate that soluble polyphenol patterns comprised phloridzin alone or in combination with two additional dihydrochalcones, identified as sieboldin and trilobatin. Presence of sieboldin in young leaves correlated well with a high 1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylliydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity Moreover, these leaves displayed enhanced tolerance to paraquat, a photooxidative-stress generating herbicide interestingly, phloridzin had a high activity in the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay, but its presence alone in leaves (lid not correlate with tolerance to paraquat. In order to further characterise the activity of these compounds. we tested their ability to prevent oxidative-dependent formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and phenylephrine-induced contraction of isolated rat mesenteric arteries The antioxidant capacity of sieboldin was clearly demonstrated by showing that this compound (i) prevented vasoconstriction and (n) inhibited AGEs formation Both assays provided interesting information concerning a potential use of sieboldin as a therapeutic. Hence, our results strongly argue for a bioactivity of dihydrochalcones as functional antioxidants in the resistance of Malus leaves to oxidative stress In addition, we demonstrate for the first time that sieboldin is a powerful multipotent antioxidant, effective in preventing physiopathological processes. Further work should aim at demonstrating the potential use Of this compound as a therapeutic in treating free radical-involving diseases (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved.

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CRISPR/Cas9 genome-editing applied to MdPGT1 in apple results in reduced foliar phloridzin without impacting plant growth

Simon Miranda, Stefano Piazza, Floriana Nuzzo, Mingai Li, Jorge Lagreze, Axel Mithoefer, Alessandro Cestaro, Danuse Tarkowska, Richard Espley, Andrew Dare, Mickael Malnoy, Stefan Martens

Summary: The effects of targeting the key gene MdPGT1 involved in phloridzin biosynthesis in apple using conventional transgenesis and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing were simultaneously assessed. Knockdown lines showed impaired growth and leaf morphology, while genome-edited lines exhibited normal growth despite reduced phloridzin levels. Transcriptomic and metabolic analyses revealed regulated genes involved in phenylpropanoid and flavonoid pathways. Phytohormone profiling demonstrated differential modulation, with increased salicylic and jasmonic acid levels in dwarf lines and no correlation between auxin and ABA with growth phenotype.

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